Jiayuguan is located in the middle of the narrowest valley 5 kilometers west of Jiayuguan City, Gansu Province. The walls on both sides of the city pass cross the Gobi desert, so the climate is hot and rainless.

Shanxi is located inland at mid-latitudes on the east coast of the mainland. Although it is only 300 to 500 kilometers away from the coast to the east, due to the mountains in the eastern part of the province blocking the climate, the climate is weakly affected by the ocean. In terms of climate type, it belongs to Temperate continental monsoon climate. The northern part is relatively cold due to the cold air mass in Inner Mongolia in winter; the southern part is moistened by the warm and humid summer air mass from the Huanghuaihai Plain in Henan and the northern Henan Plain, and is relatively mild; the climate difference between the north and the south is obvious. The climate characteristics are: winter is long, cold and dry; summer is long in the south and short in the north, with concentrated rain; spring has a changeable climate with more wind and sand; autumn is short and mild. The whole territory has sufficient sunshine and rich heat resources; there are many disastrous weathers, "nine droughts in ten years"; and the temperature difference between day and night is large.