Catalog
1.Habitat
2.Morphological features
3.Distribution range
4.Planting techniques
5.Purchase tips
6.Nutritional value
Habitat
Lotus moschiferus adult tree height of 3 meters, the anniversary of the evergreen, many times the branches, many times the flowers and fruits, large growth, the results also more Normal March to May flowering, May to July fruit ripe. Through special treatment can regulate the flowering period, so that the fruit ripening period early to December to April of the following year. In South China, 1 flowering in March-April, fruit ripening in May-June, 2 flowering in late July, fruit ripening in August-September, and flowering and fruiting in December. General fruit weight 70-80 grams. In Taiwan Province of lotus cultivation more than the implementation of yield adjustment, 4-6 times a year to blossom and fruit, the general yield of 5000 kilograms per mu.
Lianwu like temperature and fear of cold, optimal growth temperature of 25 ~ 30 ℃. No frost damage in winter; 7 ° C when the buds, young fruit that is cold and fall off; 10 ° C when close to the harvest of the fruit will also be victimized and fall off.
Lianwu has a high water requirement and is highly adaptable to different soil conditions. Lianwu prefers moist soil and needs an adequate supply of water all year round. Where the water's edge of the lotus, the growth will be strong, and tolerance of consumption is also strong, often flooded areas also normal growth, flowering and fruiting. At the same time on the soil conditions are not strict, sandy soil, clay, red soil and slightly acidic or alkaline soil can be planted. Economic cultivation of slightly alkaline clay loam soil with good irrigation conditions is preferred.
Winter and spring fruit large and brittle, less water, high sugar, thick flesh, no seeds (after mid-to-late April flowering of its fruits only have seeds), if the winter and spring fruit during the tree sprouting a lot of new shoots, the fruit quality is not favorable, should be inhibited from sprouting.
Lianwu fruit is not resistant to storage, general room temperature can only be stored for a week, harvesting and packaging should be sent to the market immediately after sale.
Morphological characteristics
Lianwu belongs to the tree, 12m high. shoots compressed. Leaves opposite, petiole is very short, not more than 4mm long, sometimes nearly sessile; leaf blade thin leathery, elliptic to oblong, 10-22cm long, 6-8cm wide, apex obtuse or slightly pointed, the base narrowed, rounded or slightly cordate, the upper drying yellowish-brown, the lower part of the fine glandular dots, the lateral veins of 14-19 pairs, to 45 degrees of the angle of the open rows of obliquely upward, from the edge of the 5mm to each other to combine into a side vein, another in the near the side of the vein 1.5 mm away from the margin, with 1 additional marginal vein 1.5 mm away, the lateral veins 6-10 mm apart, with obvious reticulate veins. Cymes terminal or axillary, 5-6 cm long, with several flowers; flowers white, pedicels ca. 5 mm long; calyx tube obconic, 7-8 mm long, 6-7 mm wide, calyx teeth, semiorbicular, 4 mm long, doubled in width; stamens very numerous, ca. 1.5 cm long, styles ca. 2.5-3 cm long Fruit pyriform or conical, fleshy, magenta, shiny, 4-5 cm long, apex concave, with persistent fleshy sepals. Seeds are 1. Flowering May-June, fruit ripening July-August.
Range of distribution
Originally from Malaysia and India, it was introduced into Taiwan in the 17th century, and after the 1930s it was successively introduced into cultivation in Hainan, Guangdong, Guangxi, Fujian, and Yunnan, but the amount of cultivation is still relatively small.
Lianwu has a long history of cultivation in Taiwan, introduced by the Dutch from Java in the 17th century. It is mainly distributed in Yilan, Changhua, Tainan, Pingtung and other places, and the best lotus fog on the island is produced in the southernmost county - Pingtung. The cultivated area of lotus seed in Taiwan reaches 133,500 mu, with a yield of 894.1 kg per mu. Due to breakthroughs in research on varieties and cultivation techniques, the lotus flower has an earlier production period and improved quality, and is now regarded as a good fruit for summer vacation, ranking No. 6 and No. 7 among more than 20 kinds of major economically important fruit trees in Taiwan.
Planting Methods
Aerial Pressing
Mainly using the aerial pressing method (i.e., circle branch propagation), which is carried out in the high-temperature and humid rainy season from May to September every year. Select the diameter of about 3 cm thick, well developed branches, first at the base of the implementation of about 3 cm long ring peeling, with moist soil and grass mixed with the mud ball wrapped in the ring peeling place and its upper and lower sides, and then wrapped with transparent adhesive paper, the upper and lower ends of the nylon rope tightly bound. After about 1 month, new roots grow at the upper end of the peeling place; after about 3 months, the new roots grow a lot, and cut below the rooting part, that is, an independent seedling. First pseudo-planting in the nursery to continue to cultivate, the following spring planting field. [2]
Cuttings:
Select 2-3 year-old branches, 15-20 cm long, inserted into the sand bed 2/3, pay attention to shade and moisturizing, 1-2 months rooting, but also aerial pressure, or seedling. Can be planted in February-April spring or August-September fall planting. In areas with high temperatures can also be planted in November-December, row spacing 4x5 meters at the beginning of the rows, after a few years of intercropping to 8x8 meters.
Sowing:
Lianwu planting should be in the spring, row spacing 4m5m. digging large holes, under the big fertilizer, planting large seedlings. The hole should be dug 1m square, garbage soil and fertilizer should be 50 kilograms per hole. Seedlings require first-grade seedlings, planting about 500 per hectare, and then gradually thinning.
Buying tips
Look at the volume:
Generally a little larger than an egg, so that is good, if it is too small, the texture is poor.
Look at the sweetness:
And generally measured by the sugar meter (Brix0-32%), 15 degrees or more extremely sweet, 12-15 degrees is very sweet, 10-12 degrees sweet, 8-10 degrees is slightly sweet, 8 degrees or less is not sweet, and the general sweetness varies from person to person.
Look at the luster:
Generally in winter, the color will be darker, dark purple, summer will be lighter, close to purple. Mature lotus flower is purple in color.
Cleaning:
Generally use fruit comb cleaner to clean, pay attention to the bottom of the lotus fog, it is best to cut, peeled to eat better taste.
Nutritional value
Lotus Mist is rich in vitamin C, vitamin B2, vitamin B6, calcium, magnesium, boron, manganese, iron, copper, zinc, molybdenum, and other trace elements, Lotus Mist moisture content of the skin benefits.
Lianwu is a slightly alkaline fruit, can regulate the pH of the human stomach and intestines.
Lianwu has a special flavor and is a natural antipyretic. As it contains much water, it is used therapeutically as an antipyretic, diuretic, and tranquilizer.
Children with indigestion, eat lotus seed with salt, has the effect of helping digestion, adults eat is also very good, has the effect of thirst.
Lotus root is used to treat urinary disorders and itchy skin.