1 Select improved varieties
2. Careful soil preparation: 4,000-5,000 kg of decomposed ring fertilizer, 30 kg of potassium sulfate compound fertilizer and 50 kg of ammonium bicarbonate are applied for every 6,672 mu of combined soil preparation. Plow 30 cm deep, carefully rake evenly, so that there is no light and shade. After ridging, the ridge spacing is 60-65cm, and the ridge height is 10- 15cm. Combined with ridging, 50 kg of organic biological bacterial fertilizer was applied to every 667m2 of land.
3 Suitable sowing date
Do a good job in field management centered on pest control: the key to the success of Chinese cabbage planting lies in whether the comprehensive pest control can be scientifically put in place. The occurrence of cabbage diseases and insect pests has been very serious from seedling stage to harvest stage. Common serious diseases include bacterial soft rot, black rot, virus disease, downy mildew, cabbage dry burning heart disease and so on. The most common and serious pests are cutworms, Pieris rapae, Plutella xylostella, aphids and noctuid larvae. In terms of prevention and control, comprehensive prevention and control should be done.
(1) Eliminate underground pests and ensure the whole seedling. Combined with soil preparation, phoxim granules 1000 kg were sprayed every 667 m2 to eliminate underground pests such as grubs. After clearing the ground and before sowing, about 65,438+0 hours after sunset, the fresh medicine mixed with fresh grass bait was sprinkled on the ground to kill the cutworm larvae, so as to prevent them from eating seedlings, resulting in seedling shortage and ridge breakage, and to prevent the wound from being infected with virus diseases.
(2) Appropriate well water can be used for irrigation at seedling stage to reduce ground temperature and prevent virus occurrence.
(3) From the seedling stage, attention should be paid to the prevention and control of Pieris rapae, Plutella xylostella, aphids and other pests, and diflubenzuron or pyridaben can be sprayed with 2000 times solution, 1 times solution, and the two can be used alternately every 7- 10 days.
(4) In order to prevent the occurrence of bacterial soft rot, black rot, virus disease, downy mildew and cabbage dry burning heart disease, from the seedling stage, combined with pesticides, spraying 1 time every 7 7- 10 days, and using 600 times of norfloxacin (norfloxacin) and 14 300-400. Note that the above solutions should be used alternately to avoid drug resistance, and norfloxacin, copper complex and Tianda 2 1 16 should be sprayed several times to prevent bacterial diseases.
(5) Spraying 0.4-0.5% manganese sulfate at seedling stage and early stage of cluster, spraying 65,438+0 times every 5-7 days, and spraying continuously for about 3 times, so as to prevent dry burning heart disease of Chinese cabbage caused by manganese deficiency.
(6) Scientifically topdressing and watering, paying attention to strengthening fertilizer and water management at seedling stage and early stage of clumping, frequently watering a small amount, and topdressing urea 10- 15 kg /667 m2 with water to promote seedling growth and development, increase leaf area, improve photosynthetic efficiency, and lay a good foundation for high yield.
In the vigorous cabbage field, attention should be paid to controlling fertilizer and water and properly "squatting seedlings" in the late stage of rosette to avoid excessive growth of rosette leaves, worsening the light conditions in the vegetable field, delaying the fruiting and causing yield reduction.
When the bulb leaves appear and begin to wrap, the watering amount should be increased, and water should be poured every 5 days or so 1 time, and the surface should be kept dry until 1 week before harvesting. Topdressing should be combined with watering at the initial stage of wrapping, and potassium sulfate 10- 15 kg or urea 15-20 kg should be used for topdressing the decomposed manure every 667 m2. In the middle stage of granulation, 500-1000g of decomposed manure, 5-8kg of potassium sulfate or 0/0kg of urea/kloc, and 5kg of potassium sulfate can be applied together with watering.
(7) Pay attention to prevent phytotoxicity, especially herbicide phytotoxicity. Once it happens, it is necessary to spray 600 times of strong seedling type "Tianda -2 1 16" with 200 times of brown sugar and 500 times of urea solution immediately, and spray 1 time every five days for 2-3 times, which can reduce the phytotoxicity.