1. Some books just need to be tasted, others need to be swallowed, and a few need to be chewed slowly and digested and absorbed. -Francis Bacon's Essays

Naturally, what is worth intensive reading is a few classics that need to be chewed slowly, digested and absorbed, melted into one's own blood and put into action. For example, some muses choose Shakespeare in foreign literature, and China chooses The Red Chamber as a classic. They always have a desk, and they can't put it down. It's really comprehensive. However, you will find that the near-re-embodiment muses are not limited to a few classics, and they seem to know everything, and their coverage is actually very extensive. There is a relationship between "essence" and "pan". Maybe this problem exists in all scientific fields.

"extensive" is a kind of lateral extensive cultivation, which is equivalent to the horizontal axis of rectangular coordinate system; "intensive" belongs to the longitudinal intensive cultivation, which is equivalent to the longitudinal axis of the coordinate system. And a person's English level, even comprehensive knowledge, is determined by two parameters: vertical and horizontal. Therefore, in principle, both "proficiency" and "extensive" should be carried out at the same time in order to improve English level and comprehensive quality; It is necessary to cultivate widely and harvest thinly, but also to cultivate intensively; The key is to arrange time and materials reasonably. Materials used for intensive reading, such as selected textbooks and masterpieces that suit your taste, should not be tasted or swallowed, but must be chewed slowly and turned into a language that you can speak and write. Other reading materials can only be used for extensive reading, shallow tasting or swallowing; The faster you look, the more you will see, and the better the effect will be. If you encounter a new word in extensive reading, you may skip it as long as it doesn't affect your overall understanding. If it appears repeatedly and affects your understanding, you may refer to the dictionary and don't even have to remember it deliberately. The reason is simple: if it is a common word, it will be remembered naturally when it appears frequently; If you don't use it often, you will soon forget it if you remember it. The purpose of extensive reading is mainly to speed up reading, improve understanding ability and expand knowledge. If you chew slowly by intensive reading, you will not achieve the expected effect.

In short, we should treat and handle the relationship between intensive reading and extensive reading. When we find that there is a deficiency in "extensive cultivation and poor harvest", we can make some repairs, but we can't think that it is enough to rely on extensive cultivation and poor harvest, and we can't ignore intensive cultivation and develop it in depth appropriately. If it's for the exam, intensive cultivation should be the obvious way to gain in the short term. However, in the long run, the improvement of comprehensive quality can not be separated from extensive cultivation and poor harvest.

2. Intensive reading is a pioneering work of English teaching method. It is not only a kind of reading teaching, but also a set of English teaching ideas. Its core content is: through in-depth analysis, understanding and memory of small English samples (that is, corpus), accurately grasp the basic knowledge and usage rules of English, and then practice the learned knowledge repeatedly through deduction to improve the degree of proficiency, thus cultivating and improving students' English application ability. It is characterized by its high dependence on learners' conscious activities and initiative in the process of English learning. Its advantages are low requirements for teaching conditions, giving full play to the conscious and cognitive advantages of adults, and high efficiency and accuracy in mastering language knowledge. Its shortcomings are the low level of skill transformation of language knowledge, the serious lag of listening and speaking ability, and the high requirements for learners' IQ and self-control learning ability. It is characterized by studying hard and memorizing and practicing hard.

The learning concept of extensive reading is to bring the spontaneous power of language acquisition device into play and acquire English language ability naturally through a lot of English contact. It does not require learners to learn by rote, nor does it require learners to study carefully, and they must understand why everywhere. It requires learners to cultivate their interest in English, form the habit of learning and contacting English every day, and listen, speak, read and write more in English. Anything can be used as English learning materials and anywhere can be used as English learning environment. The characteristic of extensive reading is that it mainly depends on a lot of contact with English and the quality of English. Its advantages are high English proficiency, fast language response, less anxiety and pressure during learning, and low requirements for learners' IQ and learning ability; The shortcomings are that the accuracy of language knowledge is not enough, the ability to take exams is weak, the requirements for language environment and learning resources are high, and the thinking ability and consciousness advantages of adults are not fully exerted.

It can be seen that precision and universality are two basic concepts of English learning, which can be used to guide all aspects of English learning. Listening, we should not only listen attentively (repeat the same content until we understand every detail and language expression), but also listen extensively (grasp the main information, don't entangle the details and language forms, and strive to improve the understanding speed). Say, we should not only recite classic model essays and dialogues, but also exchange information boldly in English, without worrying too much about language form errors. To read, it is necessary to study the text repeatedly, understand vocabulary, grammar and rhetoric, analyze thoughts, structures and meanings, and appreciate the beauty of diction, phonology and images; If you want to read novels, newspapers, popular science and professional literature extensively, you can read as much as you can. Writing, there are also fine and broad points. There is a popular mode of English writing teaching abroad: two compositions a week or two compositions a week. A restricted composition (such as a propositional composition) requires students to write and correct it repeatedly, and to communicate among students; The other (or another) allows students to write freely, without any restrictions, and only stipulates the amount of writing or writing time to be completed every week, such as writing a diary every other day (or every day) or writing for an hour every week, and writing as much as they can. This is to combine the concepts of precision and universality in writing training, and give full play to the advantages of the two kinds of learning in order to achieve the best teaching effect.

3 In this increasingly commercialized era, how to read books has become a headache. Standing in a bookstore, you often don't know where to start. There are several fashionable books in front of my case: Who Moved My Cheese, protein Girl, ... I have read it once, and I don't want to read it again. I don't think it is necessary. But when I was in the bookstore, I bought them willingly. Why? This involves a concept of extensive reading. The publishing industry is becoming more and more familiar with the packaging and hype of books. For the sake of profit, those booksellers lead people's reading direction like the clothing industry and put forward the slogan of "reading fashion". The "new arrival" sign at the entrance of the bookstore always affects many people's pockets and reading wishes. Reading has become a fashionable thing. Gradually, some people put forward the slogan of opposition, shouting "we don't need fast food culture." People began to write about: what is classic and fashionable after historical accumulation, just like the flu, will only affect our lives for a few days, and it will also hurt us. Only by grasping the classics can we be worthy of our reading eyes.

In fact, this is a kind of melodrama and a narrow understanding of culture. People are realistic people, so let everyone immerse themselves in the accumulation of history. Apart from depriving people of their precious creative ability, what they leave behind is only a book. From the classics, we can also see the traces of fashion. I mention such a person: Liu Yong. "Where there is a well water to drink, you can sing willow words." In just two sentences, it describes the popularity of Liu Ci. The popularity of Liu Ci is beyond the reach of any modern singer, because at that time, could there be overwhelming commercial packaging? Are there any media such as TV, radio and Internet? By mouth-to-mouth transmission. Similarly, Liu Ci is not like the cold that some people compare, but it has become a classic in the history of China literature.

Classics and fashions are forms that can coexist with each other, and we should not reject either. It's just that reading methods are different. Fashion belongs to extensive reading, while classics belong to intensive reading. On TV, people in China are always asked to make up this and that, open people's wallets, and make those chemicals into buccal tablets, capsules and bottles of drinks into people's stomachs. Facing the increasingly open door, what China people need most is spirit. The way to replenish the spirit is to read classics. Run to the bookstore and check carefully. There are more than ten books with the title "* * * * moving * * cheese". You are behind the fashion, so you have no energy and time to supplement yourself. The best way is to choose a small pocket book? The Analects of Confucius, a few short lines and notes, can be worth all those "cheeses".

When reading for a certain period of time, we can't qualitatively ask people to face classics only by intensive reading, and fashion only by extensive reading. Classics must be read intensively, but it is impossible for them to be like this. Fashion is not necessarily extensive reading, otherwise it will be indigestion. Besides, there are classics in fashion in the future. Su Shi said: "Books are as rich as the sea, and there are all kinds of department stores. People's energy can't be all inclusive, but they can get what they want. If you wish to be a scholar, do it one time. " Extensive reading makes us not ignorant, and intensive reading makes us not superficial. The most important thing is that when reading, you should bring your own brain.