It's not the beginning of school yet, so there are no textbooks, but the boys can download the electronic version and preview their lessons in advance. Here is an e-book of the sixth grade Chinese lesson compiled by People's Education Press for everyone. Welcome to read it!

1, "Two Classics"

Learning chess is selected from Mencius Gaozi. The story shows that you should concentrate on your study and not be half-hearted. "Two Children Debate the Day" is selected from Liezi Tangwen.

The story reflects the two children's good observation, well-founded speech and Confucius' attitude of seeking truth from facts.

Question 3 after class:

(1) for its wisdom, if and? That's not true. A: Is it because his intelligence is not as good as others? Say: it's not like this.

(2) I am close to people when the sun begins to rise, but I am far away when I am in Japan. A: I think the sun is closer to people when it first comes out, and farther away from people at noon.

(3) which is your Zhihu? A: Who says you are knowledgeable?

2. In a hurry

This article is an essay written by Zhu Ziqing, a famous modern writer. This paper focuses on "hurry", first writing the characteristics of the days gone forever; Then I wrote that more than 8,000 days have come and gone in a hurry and fleeting, and the author has a lot of thoughts, from scenery to people, sighing. Finally, the author gives an inner sigh. Expressed the author's helplessness and regret over the passage of time.

Question 2 after class: "Like a drop of water on the tip of a needle in the sea, my days are dripping in the stream of time, without sound or shadow." A: The author compares his past 8,000 days to a drop of water on the tip of a needle, and compares the flow of time to the sea. How small the diary is, how quickly it disappears, how silent and without a trace. It shows the author's very helpless sadness.

3. Mahogany

This is an essay by Lin Qingxuan, a famous writer in Taiwan Province. The author uses the growth of saplings as a metaphor for human growth, and writes a seedling raising method that allows tree growers to "learn to find water in the land by themselves", which shows the important significance of enduring the test of life and overcoming dependence in a difficult environment for human growth.

Question 2 after class:

Not only trees, but also people. People who live in uncertainty can stand the test of life and exercise an independent heart.

A: "Uncertainty" refers to some unexpected bumps, twists and turns and hardships in life. "Uncertainty" in life, such as illness, laid-off parents, natural disasters, etc.

(2) people who plant trees no longer come, and mahogany will not wither.

Answer: Because tree growers water trees irregularly and quantitatively, it is to make trees adapt to the environment, turn few nutrients into huge energy, learn to find water in the land by themselves, take root deeply and grow sturdily. Therefore, the tree planters will no longer come, and the mahogany will not wither.

4. Spring Festival in Beijing

My author, Mr. Lao She, a famous language master, has painted us a picture of the folk customs of the Spring Festival in Beijing, showing the warmth and beauty of the holiday customs in China.

Expressed his recognition and love for traditional culture. The article takes time as the longitude and people's activities as the latitude structure. The author first introduces that the Spring Festival in Beijing begins at the beginning of the twelfth lunar month: people cook laba porridge, soak laba garlic, buy new year's goods, spend the New Year … and make full preparations for the Spring Festival. Then, the three climaxes of the Spring Festival are described in detail: on New Year's Eve, every family lights up all night, firecrackers go on day and night, having a family reunion dinner, and observing the New Year; On the first day, men go out to pay New Year greetings, women receive guests at home, and children visit temple fairs. Watch lanterns, set off firecrackers and eat Yuanxiao. Finally, write the end of the Spring Festival on the 19th of the first month.

5. Memories of Sixteen Years ago

Through the memories of Li Dazhao before and after his arrest, this paper shows the great spirit of revolutionary martyrs' loyalty to the revolutionary cause and the noble quality of being firm and unyielding in the face of the enemy, and expresses the author's admiration and deep nostalgia for his father. Except the beginning, the article is described in the order of before arrest, at the time of arrest, in court and after murder. Before he was arrested, he wrote that his father burned documents and books, and worker Yan Zhensan was arrested, reflecting the sinister situation and the danger of the situation; When he was arrested, he wrote about the enemy's guilty conscience, cruelty and his father's calm; The court described Li Dazhao's calmness and composure; After being killed, he wrote about the great grief of the whole family.

Understanding of key sentences:

Father is very kind, never scolds us, let alone hits us. I always like to ask my father many childish and ridiculous questions. No matter how busy he is, he is always interested in my problems and always tells me patiently. This time, I don't know why my father gave me such a vague answer.

A: Because the situation at that time was very serious, it was not the time to have a heart-to-heart talk with children, and things like preventing revolutionary books and documents from falling into enemy hands could not be clearly stated in a few words. Here, the unity of Comrade Li Dazhao's kindness and kindness to his relatives and his seriousness in his work is written.

(2) "not often say to you? I cannot leave Beijing easily. You need to know what time it is and how important the work here is. How can I leave? "

A: He fully understands the sinister and dangerous situation, but he will never leave his post. This shows his spirit of being highly responsible for the revolution.

In court, we met our father. Father is still wearing his old grey cotton gown, but he doesn't wear glasses. I saw his calm and kind face under his long tousled hair.

A: It can be seen from this sentence that although my father was tortured by the enemy, he was still calm and kind. "No glasses" and "untidy long hair" indicate that the enemy imposed a heavy punishment on Li Dazhao, "calm" indicates that Li Dazhao is still strong after cruel torture, and "kindness" fully reflects Li Dazhao's love for his loved ones.

Question 3 after class: The relationship between the last three paragraphs of the text and the beginning is the beginning and the end. In this way, readers can understand the ins and outs of things more clearly, get deeper impressions and feelings, and highlight the author's deep memory of his father.

6. "Serving the People"

This is a speech made by President Mao Zedong at the memorial service for Comrade Zhang Side on September 8th, 1944. At the beginning of the article, it clearly puts forward the purpose of China's * * * production party and its Eighth Route Army and New Fourth Army-to serve the people completely and thoroughly; Then, combined with the current reality, it explains how to serve the people completely and thoroughly from three aspects; First, establish the concept of life and death that "to die for the benefit of the people is heavier than Mount Tai"; Second, treat criticism correctly, uphold the good and correct the wrong for the people's interests; Third, do a good job of unity, overcome difficulties, improve courage and love each other, so that the whole people can unite.

People are inherently mortal, either heavier than Mount Tai or lighter than a feather. Solid: Originally. Or: yes. Yu: indicates comparison.

Question 3 after class: Because we serve the people, we are not afraid of being criticized and pointed out if we have shortcomings. Whoever it is will point it out to us. As long as you are right, we will correct it. What you say is good for the people, so we will do as you say.

A: There are four sentences in this passage. The first sentence is that we welcome criticism, the second sentence is that we welcome criticism from anyone, and the third sentence is that we accept criticism from anyone as long as it is correct. The fourth sentence is that the way you say is good for the people, and we will do it according to you. Sentences are closely related with each other, and their meanings are progressive.

7. Little Match Girl

This is a fairy tale by Danish writer Andersen, which tells the story of a little match girl who froze to death in the street on New Year's Eve. At the beginning, the author describes the situation of the little girl: the street is cold and dark, it is snowing, and the little girl is still selling matches in the street. Then, I wrote about all kinds of visions that the little girl saw in the light of matches five times to warm herself-warm stove, fragrant roast goose, beautiful Christmas tree and kind grandmother, until she flew away with her grandmother. Finally, the little girl froze to death in the street.

Question 3 after class:

I flew to a place where there was no cold, hunger and pain.

A: This sentence means that the little girl passed away and died in a wonderful illusion. Little girl in this world, only cold, only hunger, only pain.

How happy she was, she followed her grandmother to the happiness of the New Year.

A: The former "happiness" means that the little girl spent her life in a beautiful illusion and was happy before she died. The latter "happiness" means that when the little girl dies, there will be no cold, hunger and pain, and she will be completely happy.

8. Fanka

This text reflects the tragic fate of poor children in Russian society under the tsar's rule and exposes the darkness of the social system at that time. The article is narrated according to the process of writing letters. Began to describe that on Christmas Eve, Fanka secretly wrote a letter to Grandpa while the boss, proprietress and the guys went to church. Then, in the letter, Fanka confided to Grandpa his unbearable miserable apprenticeship, repeatedly implored Grandpa to take him out of here and go back to the countryside, and recalled two scenes of rural life (one was Grandpa's vigil, the other was Christmas); Finally, write Fanka, put the written letter into the mailbox, and see grandpa reading his letter in a sweet dream. This text is composed of three parts: the author's narrative, the contents of Fanka's letter writing and Fanka's memories in the process of writing. Contrast, contrast and suggestion are adopted in the expression.

9. Beauty Over a Hundred Years

This is an article praising Madame Curie, with "beauty" as the main line, which shows that Madame Curie's beauty lies not in her appearance, but in her heart and personality. She has made great contributions to mankind and realized her own life value. By flashback, the author first describes the scene of Madame Curie giving an academic report at the French Academy of Sciences, highlighting Madame Curie's beautiful image and great achievements in front of readers. The next two paragraphs specifically describe Madame Curie's painstaking research to explore "whether other substances are radioactive or not" until radium was discovered, which is the key part of the text, fully demonstrating Madame Curie's firm and persistent scientific spirit of dedication to science. The last two paragraphs describe Madame Curie's attitude and practice in the face of fame and fortune, showing Madame Curie's noble personality of being indifferent to fame and fortune and her selfless spirit of devoting herself wholeheartedly to science. Finally, quote Einstein's words to affirm Madame Curie's personality.

The "beauty" in the subject is not only Madame Curie's beautiful appearance, but also her firm and persistent scientific spirit and noble personality indifferent to fame and fortune.

Question 2 after class:

This precious personality and lofty pursuit enabled Marie Curie to discover the meaning of life almost at the same time as she completed this great natural discovery.

A: "This precious personality and lofty pursuit" means that Madame Curie has a "firm, resolute, ambitious and persistent pursuit", "this great discovery" means that Madame Curie discovered the radioactive metal element radium, and "the discovery of the meaning of life" means that Madame Curie understood that the value of life lies not in young beauty, money and fame, but in making contributions to science and humanity.

(2) She changed from a beautiful little girl, a dignified and determined female scholar, to a new term "radiation" in science textbooks, and to a new measurement list in physics.

"Curie" has become a series of scientific laws, and she has become an eternal milestone in the history of science.

A: This sentence adopts the sentence pattern of "from … to …". This "change" is not a general change, but a promotion of life value and a leap in life realm. The four "changes" summarize Madame Curie's struggling life and immortal achievements.

10, "Truth is born after a hundred question marks"

The title of the text is "Truth is born after a hundred question marks", which is also the main point of the text. The meaning of "Truth is born after a hundred question marks" is that as long as you are good at observing, constantly asking questions, constantly solving questions, and persistently seeking the source, you can find the truth in real life.

Question 2 after class: A: The first example is that Professor Xie Piluo found a problem from the whirlpool of bath water. Through repeated experiments and research, he found that the rotation direction of the whirlpool of water is related to the rotation of the earth. The second example is that Boyle, a famous British chemist, accidentally discovered that hydrochloric acid would turn violet petals red, and then carried out many experiments and finally invented the acid-base test paper. The third example is an Austrian doctor who, through repeated observation and analysis, inferred the general rule that all sleepers are dreaming when they roll their eyes. Supplementary example: Newton saw the apple fall to the ground and discovered the law of gravity. Luban's climbing hand was cut by a blade of grass and invented the saw.

Question 3 after class:

(1) finally put "?" Straighten into "!" , found the truth. A: "?" It is a problem found and a constant questioning; “!” It was through exploration that the doubts were solved and the truth was discovered. This sentence expressed an abstract truth in an intuitive and vivid way, which left a deep impression on people.

As long as you know everything, be good at asking questions and keep exploring, then you can find the truth after you have answered several question marks. A: "See the micro-knowledge" means: you can find problems from ordinary phenomena. This sentence reiterates the point made at the beginning of the article and takes care of each other at the beginning.

accumulate over a long period of time

First unit

1, people are not born to know, who can be confused? Teacher's theory

2. Make an effort, then decline, and finally exhaust. Zuo zhuan

3, sweet and bitter, there is nothing in the world. Mozi

4. Those who plant trees must cultivate their roots, and those who plant virtues must raise their hearts.

5, hold a thousand songs and then know the sound, watch a thousand swords and then recognize the device. Wen Xin Diao Long

Third unit

Prison Song (Ye Ting)

The door for people to enter and leave is locked,

The hole for the dog to climb out is open,

A voice shouted:

Climb out and set you free!

I long for freedom,

But I deeply know-

How can a human body climb out of a dog hole!

I hope that one day,

Underground fire,

Burn me and this living coffin together,

I deserve eternal life in fire and blood!

Fourth unit

1, integrity is the foundation of morality. -(Egypt) Mehafuz's Epic of the Common People

2. Tears can't wash away the pain. -(Iceland) Laxnes "The Clock of Iceland"

3. The greatest insight is the simplest. -Lord of the flies by Golding (UK)

4. People live for their own hopes. -(Soviet Union) sholokhov's Quiet Don River

5. Trustworthiness is a treasure and should not be squandered at will. -(Colombia) Marquez's One Hundred Years of Solitude

6. It is not the hammer that makes the pebble perfect, but the singing and dancing of the water. -Tagore's Birds (India)

7. Only those who are brave and calm can survive the darkness and usher in the light. Asturias's "Corn Man"

8. A person is not born to be defeated. You can destroy him, but you can't beat him. -(America) Hemingway's The Old Man and the Sea

Fifth unit

Make an effort to be strong and persevere in facing difficulties.

Brainstorm, brainstorm, innovate and be unconventional.

Be creative, draw inferences, seek truth from facts, and express your opinions.

Don't be ashamed to ask questions, learn from others, strive for perfection, make the past serve the present

Recite the key texts from dictation.

Lesson 1 Two Classical Chinese Texts.

Lesson 2 "Hurry".

Lesson 12 "Serving the People".

Lesson 18 "Beauty Over a Hundred Years".

Textbook 14 ancient poems:

synonym

Debate (debate) move (move) calmly (stare) perceive (discover) rely on (rely on) elegance (elegance) calm (calm)

Stretch (stretch) blame (blame) guilt (guilt) haunt (entangle) alert (sensitive) support (help) posture (posture)

Gentle and graceful (slim) Sufficient (abundant) Skillful (skilled) Intermittent (interrupted) Repressive (restrained) Soft (docile) Rich (abundant)

Simple (simple) honest (loyal) crowd out (repel) erode (denude) advocate (admire) panic (terror) kill (obliterate)

Open-minded (cheerful), profound (abstruse), vague (vague), cruel (cruel), rude (rude), knowing (understanding), grand (majestic)

Look forward to (yearn for) gaze at (stare at) bright (brilliant) intense (violent) prosperity (prosperity) grief (mourning) completely (completely)

Entrust (place) consultation (inquiry) furnishings (decoration) review (marking) simplicity (simplicity) toil (fatigue) exquisiteness (exquisiteness)

Kindness (kindness), strangeness (strangeness), teasing (teasing), bullying (bullying), compassion (charity), disturbing (disturbing), sniffling (sobbing)

Fear (fear) improve (improve) rescue (rescue) resist (resist) barbarism (rudeness) loneliness (loneliness) absurdity (absurdity)

Boast (flatter) pray (pray) Solemnity (steadiness) Erosion (corrosion) Honor (reputation) Retirement (fading) Shock (vibration)

Hard work (hard work) cooperation (cooperation) encourages (encourages) truth (true meaning) research (exploration) judgment (judgment) fairness (justice)

Kan Kan talks (talks big) and tries every means (does everything possible) to concentrate (concentrate) and be full of vitality (full of vitality)

Inexplicable (incredible) Vientiane is renewed (brand-new). Do whatever you want (do whatever you want) as a last resort.

Crowd in (flock in), ecstatic (dancing), idle (lazy), day and night (forgetting to eat and sleep)

It is common (common) to be warm (warm)

antonym

Empty (full) wandering (decisive) smart (stupid) special (ordinary) withered (vigorous) straight (curved) soft (stiff)

Noisy (quiet) weak (strong) small (huge) United (divided) skilled (unfamiliar) adequate (lack) lively (cold and cheerless)

Suppress (publicize) simplicity (gorgeous) submissiveness (grumpy) crowd out (draw in) thrift (luxury) optimism (pessimism) romance (reality)

Open-minded (narrow) cruel (kind) naive (mature) rude (gentle) temporary (long-term) exposure (hidden) dense (sparse)

Darkness (light) advances (retreats), flourishes (declines), unites (splits), persists (abandons), browses (intensive reading), and is simple (luxurious).

Ordinary (special) exquisite (rough) poor (rich) happy (painful) compassionate (cruel) dim (bright) smooth (crumpled)

Melancholy (cheerful) Savage (civilized) Desolate (prosperous) Lonely (lively) Naughty (clever) Despair (hope) Mock (compliment)

Solemn (frivolous) dissolution (condensation) fortitude (cowardice) purity (turbidity) fineness (roughness) brand-new (shabby) birth (death)

Ordinary (special) independent (dependent) in the prime of life (dying) perseverance (giving up halfway) hot (cold)

Believe in Kan Kan (with a grain of salt) and talk about it (taciturn), concentrate on it (half-hearted) and take it easy (in a hurry)

Full of vitality (dying), unhurried (in a hurry), packed (few), pampered (with hardships)

Completely different (the same), nothing (everything), duplicity (the same in appearance), uniformity (falling apart)

Safe and sound (beyond recognition) unheard of (commonplace) as if nothing had happened (seriously), people were buzzing (silent)

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