bloody sputum (with bloodshot sputum and blood clots) can have the following conditions: first, with bright red blood in sputum, it is more common in tuberculosis or bronchiectasis, and sometimes this phenomenon can also occur when there is inflammation in the pharynx. Second, black blood phlegm is more common in pulmonary infarction. Third, coughing up hemorrhagic foam-like sputum can be seen in pulmonary edema. Fourth, long-term sputum with blood or accompanied by chest pain, fatigue, emaciation, we should be alert to bronchial lung cancer. Generally, X-ray films of the lungs can be used for preliminary diagnosis or exclusion. Classification and treatment of cough once your throat itches, it is difficult for you to control yourself from coughing in public. Although cough is very annoying, it is not a disease in itself, but a protective reflex of the body. According to the duration and coughs, we can judge the cause of cough: sudden cough is often a protective cough caused by inhaling foreign bodies; Cough caused by a cold often lasts for several days; Usually, chronic and persistent cough is mostly pathological, and the causes may be smoking, allergic reaction, asthma and tracheitis. Chronic bronchitis, emphysema, tuberculosis, lung cancer, etc. From the nature, color and viscosity of the cough product, we can know the nature and severity of the disease. Generally speaking, some coughs with back and leg pain, fever, body temperature over 39℃, headache and sore throat can be judged as influenza; If the sputum turns yellow-green, it indicates that the disease is infected by bacteria, mostly upper respiratory tract infection, bronchitis, sinusitis, etc. If cough is accompanied by dyspnea, wheezing and chest tightness, it can be diagnosed as bronchial asthma; If you cough up pink blood sputum or yellow rust-like sputum, accompanied by chest pain, headache, fever and dyspnea, it may be pneumonia. Hemoptysis is a serious symptom. If it happens, you should see a doctor immediately. Its underlying cause may or may not be serious. So we must go to the hospital for a systematic examination. Sometimes bleeding gums and nosebleeds may be mistaken for hemoptysis. Hemoptysis is generally caused by the rupture of nasal cavity, throat, trachea and pulmonary blood vessels. The most common causes are infections, such as bronchitis, tuberculosis, pneumonia, etc. Lung cancer and hemophilia also cause massive hemoptysis. ● Give play to the body's own strength. Generally speaking, cough is not a fatal disease. If it is only a cold symptom such as cough, stuffy nose and sore throat, you don't need to take medicine. Let the body's own immune system deal with it. In fact, the occasional cold is good for exercising our immune function. Abuse of antitussive drugs not only reduces the body's function of cleaning respiratory tract, but also may cover up serious diseases, which is more serious when cough is accompanied by a lot of expectoration. Therefore, no matter whether you use antitussive drugs or secret recipes, you should not use them for more than 7 ~ 1 days. It is best to use them only at night to relieve cough. ● Selective medication Generally speaking, cough caused by bacteria can be treated with antibiotics, but viral cold antibiotics are useless. If the sputum of patients with cold is sticky, expectorants can be used to reduce sputum secretion. Patients with dry cough can use throat moistening tablets, licorice tablets or cough syrup to reduce the body's susceptibility, thus relieving cough. But no matter what kind of medicine you use, remember, don't take it for too long, and it must be under the guidance of a doctor. ● Drinking plenty of water and absorbing a lot of water will help to dilute phlegm and make it easy to cough up. Boiled water and fruit and vegetable juice are good rehabilitation drinks. Pear juice, watermelon juice, apple juice and radish juice are all good medicines for relieving cough. You may wish to drink 4-5 large cups of it every day. But be careful not to add sugar and salt. If you want to drink sweet, you can add a little honey. Honey has the effect of moistening the lungs and relaxing the bowels, which is conducive to the relief of symptoms. ● Don't drink coffee and alcohol. Try to avoid drinks containing caffeine and alcohol, because these drinks have diuretic effects and make body fluids consume too fast. ● Keeping the air moist and increasing the indoor air humidity will help to relieve discomfort such as cough, sore throat and nasal dryness. You can use a humidifier or teapot to boil water for humidification. ● Raise your pillow. If a cough makes you trouble sleeping, there is a way to relieve it. Try to cushion the pillow 2 cm high and sleep on your side. It can prevent mucus from accumulating, and it can also prevent irritating acidic substances in the stomach from flowing back to the esophagus for inhalation. ● Acupressure treatment of severe cough can lead to muscle contraction or even spasm of the upper back. At this time, pressing Chize point of lung meridian can relieve pain. Balanced diet and water supplement are the basic requirements for adjuvant treatment of cough patients. Usually, we should pay attention not to eat spicy food to avoid aggravating the condition. At the same time, protein and various vitamins should be supplemented to help the body recover soon. The following nutrients are recommended: ● Supplementing nutrients 1 Vitamin C is 1-5 mg per day, divided into several times. Promote tissue repair, resist the invasion of harmful substances such as germs and allergens, and enhance the body's immunity. Choose buffered vitamin C or calcium ascorbate for children. ② Vitamin A or B- carotene is 15IU per day. It is an essential nutrient for the immune system, which can help the inflamed mucosa to return to normal, resist infection and strengthen the immune system. ③ Vitamin E, 4IU twice a day, increased gradually. Used with vitamin C, it is a powerful free radical scavenger, used to restore tissue and improve breathing. ④ Garlic essence capsules 3 times a day, 2 capsules each time. Natural antibiotics and immune enhancers. ⑤ Calcium clamp mixture plus magnesium 1 mg per day. It is an essential substance for recovery, which can promote blood circulation and improve breathing. ⑥ Coenzyme Q1 6 mg per day. Helps to recover and can promote blood circulation and improve breathing. ● Health medicated diet ① Radish tea uses 1 grams of white radish and 5 grams of tea. Tea n is brewed with boiling water for 5 minutes, and the juice is taken; Wash the white radish, slice it, boil it in a pot, and pour in the tea juice. 2 doses a day, warm at any time. It has the effects of clearing away heat and resolving phlegm, regulating qi and stimulating appetite. Suitable for cough with excessive phlegm, unpleasant food intake, etc. The raw materials of this tea are easily available, and the preparation is simple, so it is suitable for people with lung heat, cough and phlegm. ② 1 grams of bitter almond, 1 big pear and a little rock sugar are used for apricot pear tea. Peeling almond and breaking it; Pear is pitted and cut into pieces; Add appropriate amount of water and cook until the acquaintance's rock sugar dissolves. Drink it for tea, regardless of time. This tea can moisten the lungs and relieve cough. It is suitable for acute tracheitis and cough due to dryness-heat type. ③ Beixing Pig Lung Soup uses 25 grams of pig lung, 1 grams of Beixing, and appropriate amounts of ginger juice and refined salt. Wash the pork lungs in pieces, add water to the apricot and make soup. When the soup is ready, pour 1-2 tablespoons of ginger juice and season with salt. Drink soup and eat pig lungs twice a day. This prescription can relieve cough, resolve phlegm and tonify lung. It is suitable for chronic bronchitis, intestinal dryness and constipation. ④ 5 grams of Radix Glehniae, 3 grams of lily, 2 grams of duck meat, and appropriate amounts of onion, ginger and refined salt are used in Shabai Duck Soup. Slicing Radix Adenophorae and Bulbus Lilii; Cut the duck into small pieces, put the onion, ginger, etc., add refined salt, and add appropriate amount of water to cook the soup until the duck is cooked. Eat duck and drink soup. Once a day or once every other day. It can nourish yin and clear away heat, moisten lung and relieve cough. It is suitable for cough, unpleasant expectoration and blood in phlegm caused by yin deficiency and excessive fire. It can also be used as a dietotherapy product for patients with obvious symptoms of pulmonary tuberculosis yin deficiency. ⑤ Tremella rock sugar soup uses 1 grams of tremella and 2 grams of rock sugar. First, remove the pedicels of tremella, pick out impurities, and soak in cold boiled water until it swells and softens. Then put the tremella and crystal sugar in the casserole, add appropriate amount of water, and simmer for 9 minutes until the tremella is loose and the soup is thick. Eat it at night, once a night. It can nourish yin and moisten dryness, resolve phlegm and relieve cough. It is suitable for dry cough with little phlegm, difficult to cough up and blood in phlegm caused by deficiency of lung yin. 6. Yam almond porridge uses 1 grams of yam millet, 2 grams of almonds, and proper amount of ghee. The yam is cooked, and the millet is fried into powder; Stir-fried almonds, peeled and pointed, and pounded into powder. Every day, 1 grams of almond powder is mixed with boiled water on an empty stomach, and appropriate amounts of yam and millet powder are taken. It can tonify the middle energizer, invigorate qi, warm the middle energizer and moisten the lung. Suitable for spleen deficiency and weakness, lung deficiency and chronic cough. ⑦ 7 scallions (even whiskers), 1 pear and 9 grams of rock sugar are used for onion pear soup. Decoct the above three herbs with water. Eat pears and drink soup. Twice a day. This prescription has the function of clearing heat and dispelling wind. It is suitable for wind-heat type cough, frequent cough, dry throat, sore throat and unpleasant expectoration. ● Herbal tea ① Sangju drink with 5 grams of mulberry leaves and Chrysanthemum morifolium in the pot and fry for about half an hour, then put 3 grams of mint and fry for a while, and then add honey. This tea is quite effective for cough, fever, wind-cold headache and other symptoms. 2 Chenpi tea uses Chenpi (preferably fresh orange peel) and appropriate amount of sugar. Wash tangerine peel with water, tear it into small pieces, put it in a cup, brew it with boiling water and stew it well; Pour out the soaked tangerine peel juice, add white sugar into the juice and mix well. Serve as a substitute for tea. This tea can smooth qi, relieve cough, eliminate phlegm, strengthen stomach, relieve summer heat and reduce temperature. It is suitable for people with spleen deficiency and weak stomach, cough and asthma, and can also make the skin fit. It is best for girls to drink. ● Natural medicinal food ③ Onion honey Onion and honey are very effective natural expectorant drugs. Cut the onion into thin slices, put it in a deep bottle, then fill it with honey, and take it immediately after 1 o-12 hours, one spoonful each time, 4-5 times a day. 4. Yumi honey is brewed with slippery elm bark with a portion of boiling water and half a cup of honey, which is good for cough and sore throat. After preparation, store it in bottles and cans and use 1 teaspoon every 3 to 4 hours. ⑤ Chrysanthemum wine, chrysanthemum plants and tinctures made of golden Indian grass are most suitable for children. Drop 8-1 drops of human in the liquid, and use it every 3 hours until all symptoms disappear ● See a doctor immediately if the danger signal appears in the following situations. * Cough lasts for 7-1 days. * Cough pink blood sputum or yellow-green and rust-colored sputum. * Fever over 4℃. * Long-term persistent cough with one of the following symptoms: hoarseness, sore throat, shortness of breath, wheezing, chest pain, chest tightness, high fever, headache, back and leg pain, fatigue, rash, weight loss, etc. Types of winter cough Cold, pneumonia, tracheitis and many other reasons can cause cough, but the same cough is different. For example, the following situations: symptom 1: dry cough, no phlegm, sore throat, and unwillingness to talk. Symptom 2: Frequent occurrence in winter, heavy cough at night, light daytime and excessive phlegm. Symptom 3: Cough and bleeding. Symptom 4: Cough is more severe in the morning and evening. Symptom 5: Cough is accompanied by asthma, chest tightness and breath holding. In winter, most patients in respiratory medicine are coughing. Cough is a symptom related to temperature. Because the temperature drops after cold weather, people's resistance also drops. Coupled with the dry climate and poor local blood circulation, cough is more likely to occur. Common causes of dry cough Dry cough caused by otolaryngology diseases is more common, such as acute and chronic rhinitis, sinusitis, allergic rhinitis, pharyngitis, drug-induced rhinitis and so on. Pharyngitis has many symptoms, such as pain, because the pharyngeal mucosa is congested and swollen after inflammation stimulation, and it will also produce secretions, which will easily cause cough, and there will be uncomfortable feelings such as itching, foreign body sensation, burning sensation and dryness. Phlegm is mostly caused by the following diseases, usually cough with phlegm is more common in respiratory diseases, such as acute bronchitis, chronic bronchitis, pneumonia, bronchiectasis, infection, lung cancer and other diseases. Phlegm is actually airway secretions containing a lot of bacteria, and patients will feel more uncomfortable because foreign bodies in the airway will hinder breathing. Patients with chronic tracheitis often cough up white or thin sputum, but the color of sputum changes when they are infected. At this time, besides the manifestations of sputum, there will be other manifestations such as fever, general malaise, increased hemogram and abnormal chest radiograph. The reason why smokers have more phlegm in the morning and evening: Smoke can stimulate respiratory mucosa to secrete a lot of secretions, so smokers are often accompanied by cough and expectoration. Special attention should be paid to blood in sputum, which indicates that the disease is serious. If the elderly cough for a long time and have bloodshot sputum, it may be a very bad omen-lung cancer. Of course, the degree of hemoptysis is different. For example, hemoptysis caused by bronchiectasis complicated with infection is usually blood. Hemoptysis is a serious manifestation of the disease, but it does not mean that more hemoptysis is bound to be serious. For example, bronchiectasis with a lot of infection and bleeding is a benign disease, but lung cancer is only a bloody sputum, although the amount is relatively small, it is a malignant disease. There are also differences in the time when you don't cough during the day and cough at night for different diseases. For example, patients with bronchial asthma often cough in the morning and cough at night, which is related to neuromodulation. Some diseases, such as chronic bronchitis, cough in the morning and evening, and there is phlegm. Cough, holding your breath with asthma The three main manifestations of asthma are asthma, chest tightness and cough. If you have the above three characteristics at the same time, you are basically a bronchial asthma patient and must receive formal treatment. The examination of cough patients should first ask about the medical history, cough time, symptoms, sputum and secretions in detail. The doctor will take a chest X-ray of the patient and then make corresponding further examinations, such as lung function examination. There is nothing wrong with the film, which does not mean that the patient is not sick, such as cough caused by bronchial asthma. The film can be fine, but it does have inflammation. In addition, there is nothing wrong with the film of cough patients, and it may be that there is something wrong with the digestive system (gastroesophageal reflux), and other reasons such as cough caused by drugs or cough caused by cardiac insufficiency.