1, site selection and soil preparation. Alfalfa is best planted on sandy soil or loam with loose soil, moderate or slightly alkaline soil pH near the water source. Besides clay, other lands can also be planted, but the yield and quality of alfalfa are relatively different. Weeds in the field should be thoroughly removed during soil preparation, so it is necessary to dig deep, then finely level the soil, and finally sprinkle enough organic fertilizer or farmyard manure as base fertilizer for sowing.

2. Seed treatment. Alfalfa seeds should be cleaned before planting and then dried in the sun. Pesticides, herbicides, rhizobia and fertilizers can be mixed in proportion before sowing to avoid plant diseases and insect pests at seedling stage.

3. Sowing method. The sowing method of alfalfa seeds generally adopts drilling, and the row spacing is 30-40 cm. At present, the technology of dense ridge and sparse planting is popularized, and the row spacing is 15-20 cm, which not only improves the yield, but also facilitates field management.

4. Tian Tuan management

(1) Water: Water alfalfa seeds in time after sowing. When watering the newly planted alfalfa seedlings, it must be done when the seedlings grow three true leaves and the plant height is more than 5 cm. The roots of alfalfa are not tolerant to flooding, and they will die after 24 hours of flooding. Attention should be paid to the timely removal of water in the field during the rainy season.

(2) Fertilization: apply base fertilizer before sowing alfalfa, and apply 40-60 kg of calcium superphosphate and 4000 kg of manure per mu at the same time.

(3) Weeding: Weeding should be carried out after alfalfa planting turns green, at seedling stage and before and after the second mowing. Generally, weeding after irrigation can be carried out by intertillage and chemical agents.

(4) Pest control: After alfalfa grows for 4 years, there will be more pests and diseases. It can be controlled by chemical agents and removing diseased leaves, but the most fundamental control measures are selecting disease-resistant varieties and dressing seeds with drugs before sowing.