Beehives are built by swarms of bees. Worker bees secrete a saliva, mix it with beeswax, and then mold it into small hexagonal nests. These small nests consist of many hexagons that are interconnected to form a larger hive structure. This hexagonal structure is called the "hive hexagon" and is the most basic structural unit in bee architecture. Each hexagon has a specific angle and size, making the hive both strong and space-efficient.

The formation of the hive involves a division of labor among the bees, with some bees, for example, gathering materials, some carrying them, and some building them. When the bees don't produce enough saliva, they will also squeeze out their last drop of blood to help complete the construction of the hive.

The shape and size of the hive can vary according to different bee species and environmental conditions. For example, some bees build spherical hives, while others build vertical hives. The size of the hive can also vary depending on the bee species, with some bees building hives that can be several centimeters in diameter, while others have hives that are only a few millimeters in diameter.

In short, the hive is constructed from saliva secreted by bees and beeswax and has the advantage of being strong and space-saving. It is an important structure for the social cooperation and survival of bees, and one of the classic examples of human research into biological construction and materials science.