In life, we can detect the buoyancy of seawater to the ship, the adhesion of glue, the attraction or repulsion between magnets and so on. In addition to these forces that we can perceive in the macro world, there are also forces of one kind or another in the micro world.
Such as attraction or repulsion between molecules or atoms, attraction between electrons in atoms and nuclei, repulsion and attraction between particles in nuclei, etc. Although the types of forces are so complicated, modern science has proved that there are only four basic forces (or interactions) in nature, and other forces are different manifestations of these four forces, namely gravity, electromagnetic force, strong force and weak force.
1. Gravity
Gravity is a force that attracts objects. Because of the mass of the earth, the gravity felt in daily life mainly comes from the attraction of the earth to objects. Gravitation is the most common force in the universe, which is indispensable to human beings and other species.
2. Electromagnetic force
Electromagnetic force is the interaction between charged particles. In our daily life, the most common forms of electromagnetic force are electricity and magnetism. Many basic physical phenomena and technical applications involve electromagnetic force, such as light, broadcasting and communication.
3. Weak interaction force
Weak interaction force is the force that leads to radioactive decay of nuclear, including β decay and K meson decay. Although its scope of action is very small, it plays an extremely important role in scientific research, especially in the field of nuclear physics.
4. Strong interaction
Strong interaction force is a force that describes the attractive force between protons and neutrons, also known as nuclear force. It is the driving force to maintain the interaction between various particles in the nucleus and the key to the interaction between quarks. Strong interaction forces play an important role in complex physical phenomena and experiments.
In a word, the four basic forces are indispensable forces in nature, ruling everything around us, including molecules, atoms, stars, galaxies and so on. It plays a vital role in understanding natural phenomena and exploring unknown fields, and also plays a huge role in technology and application.