Chilli is pronounced: English /?t?li/, American /?t?li/. chilli, an English word, is mainly used as a noun, as a noun translated as "red pepper".
A, chili pepper
1, is the Solanaceae chili pepper genus of annual herbaceous plants, the root system is not developed, the stem is erect; simple leaves alternate, ovoid, smooth leaf surface; flowers solitary or clustered, mostly white; fruit surface smooth or wrinkled, with glossy.
2, the fruit is flat round, globular, conical or linear, the seeds are yellowish flat kidney-shaped; flowering and fruiting period of May-November. Dietary Essence of the New Edition" records "pepper because the stem like tomato, taste very spicy, so also known as pepper."
3, chili peppers are native to the tropical regions of Central and South America, Mexico, cultivation is very prosperous, introduced into China in the late 16th century, and now China is cultivated throughout the country, widely distributed in Yunnan, India, South America, Europe is also cultivated.
4, chili pepper is a temperature-loving crops, intolerant of frost, drought, barrenness is strong; leaves are small, suitable for clump planting and dense planting, the adaptability of the soil is broader. Chili pepper is usually sown by the method of reproduction.
5, chili peppers can be used for medicinal purposes, "China's strong medicinal atlas" records: "have a warm, cold, down the gas digestion" and other effects. It contains a variety of vitamins, vitamin C content in the vegetables in the first place, both for fresh vegetables, but also as a seasoning, and dried chili peppers and chili powder is China's important export products.
Two, pharmacological effects
1, the role of the digestive system, tincture of chili pepper or capsaicinoid, taken internally can be used as a stomachic agent, has the effect of promoting appetite, improve digestion. Animal experiments (Basov stomach impotence dog) proved that the stimulation of chili water of the oral mucosa, reflexively strengthen the movement of the stomach.
2, with a variety of chili pepper made of spices, people orally, can increase salivary secretion and amylase activity. Large doses orally can produce gastritis, enteritis, diarrhea, vomiting. There have been reports of chili pepper on the isolated animal intestinal tubes have inhibitory and antispasmodic effects.
3, antibacterial and insecticidal effects, capsaicin on Bacillus cereus and Bacillus subtilis has a significant inhibitory effect, but on Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli is invalid. Its branches and leaves do not have antibacterial effect, only on the tuberculosis bacillus has a very slight inhibition. 10% -20% chili pepper decoction Jing has the effect of killing bedbugs.