Before the Second Opium War, Tsarist Russia had occupied the Zhaisan Lake area in the northwest of China and large areas of the small khanates in Central Asia such as Haohan and Bukhara.

Taking advantage of China's disadvantage in the Second Opium War, Russia sent troops to occupy the Qihe River areas in the southeast of Balkhash Lake in China, such as the Lehe River in Talata and the Ili River, forcing the Qing government of China to sign the Sino-Russian Trade Charter of Ili Talbahatai, and Russia gained the privileges of trade, tax exemption, free residence and missionary work in Ili and Tacheng areas.

1860, Agubo occupied Xinjiang, established "Zhede Sarkhan State" and colluded with Britain and Russia to split Xinjiang.

2. War process

1876, recovering most of Xinjiang; 1878, except Yili, Xinjiang recovered; 188 1 year, recovered Yili, but ceded 70,000 square kilometers of land in China. 1884, Xinjiang province was established.

Extended data

The Qing army's battle to recover Xinjiang wiped out the Agubo regime and recovered most of Xinjiang except Yili. Jin Xiangyin, the father and son who led Agubo into Xinjiang, Yu Xiaohu and Ma Yuan, who followed Agubo, were all executed, and all the leaders of Agubo and Bai Yanhu, *** 1 166, were also "informed of the teachings". Many descendants of Agubai were also captured by the Qing army.

During the Qing army's battle to recover Xinjiang, Akuba's eldest son Berkhuri and Bai Yanhu retreated into Russia, and they escaped through the net. Since then, they have repeatedly invaded Xinjiang for looting, but they were all defeated by the Qing army.

Baidu Encyclopedia-The Battle of Qing Army Recovering Xinjiang