2 English reference Stirbaked Rhizoma atractylodis Macrocephalae with soil [Xiangya Medical Dictionary]
Fried atractylodes is the processed product of Atractylodes macrocephala. Atractylodes macrocephala has been stir-fried in the Tang Dynasty. See "The Secret of Foreign Taiwan". Atractylodes macrocephala Koidz. is the dried rhizome of Atractylodes macrocephala koidz. of Compositae [1]. The surface of fried atractylodes is apricot-yellow, with fine soil powder and earthy aroma [1]. Atractylodes macrocephala is bitter and sweet, warm in nature, and belongs to spleen and stomach meridians. It has the effects of invigorating spleen and benefiting qi, eliminating dampness and promoting diuresis, stopping sweating and preventing miscarriage. It is used for spleen deficiency, anorexia, abdominal distension and diarrhea, phlegm retention, dizziness, edema, spontaneous sweating and fetal movement uneasiness. Fried atractylodes, with the help of soil qi, can strengthen the spleen and stop diarrhea. It is used for diarrhea due to spleen deficiency, loose stool, and restless fetal movement [1].
4. Processing methods of local fried atractylodes In the Tang Dynasty, there were methods of boiling yellow ("Qianjin Yifang") and local frying ("The Secret of Outer Taiwan") [1].
In the Song Dynasty, there were processing methods such as baking, frying in yellow, soaking rice in Boji Formula, frying bran after soaking rice in water (Su Shen Liang Formula), soaking in vinegar (Sheng Ji Zong Lu), stewing and baking (Taiping Huimin Heji Formula) [1].
In the Yuan Dynasty, the method of "stir-frying Radix Astragali, Herba Dendrobii, Concha Ostreae, and Bran slightly to yellow, removing the remaining drugs, and only using Atractylodes macrocephala" (Danxi Heart Method) was used [1].
In the Ming Dynasty, honey frying, water boiling, mung bean frying (Puji Formula), aconite, ginger and vinegar boiling (Miraculous Effective Prescription), wine making (Surgical Principles), milk making (Mengyou), yellow soil mixed with rice bran and steamed for nine times and dried in the sun (Criterion of Zheng Zhi) and salt water frying were added. Moreover, there are many explanations on the purpose of its processing, such as "purging stomach fire for raw use, tonifying stomach and frying soil" (Introduction to Medicine); "Stir-fry with bran for removing dampness and promoting diuresis, and stir-fry with pure land for invigorating stomach" (The Essence of Medical Sect); "People's milk moistens it, and it also controls its nature" ("Meng You"); "Those who are afraid of its dryness are fried with honey water, and those who are afraid of its stagnation are fried with ginger juice" (Herbal Tongxuan) and so on [1].
In the Qing Dynasty, fried Fructus Aurantii Immaturus with water stains was added ("Grasping Materia Medica"); Fried Rhizoma Cyperi with water stains, boiled Perilla, Mint, Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi and Cinnamomum cassia in soup ("A Book of Materia Medica"), soaked in wine for nine times, steamed for nine times and dried in the sun ("A Compendium of Materia Medica"), preserved by burning ("Ben Jing Feng Yuan"), and made from dried tangerine peel juice ("Medical Folklore") [1].
At present, the main processing methods are soil frying and bran frying [1].
Preparation method of Rhizoma Atractylodis Macrocephalae tablets: take the original medicinal materials, remove impurities, wash them with water, moisten them thoroughly, cut them into thick slices, dry them, and screen off the debris [1].
The processing method of soil fried atractylodes is as follows: firstly, put the soil in a pot, heat it with medium fire, stir-fry until the soil is flexible, put in Atractylodes macrocephala slices, stir-fry until the soil powder is evenly hung on the surface of Atractylodes macrocephala, take it out, remove the soil powder, and let it cool [1].
Every 100kg of Atractylodes macrocephala tablets, 25 kg of kitchen soil is used [1].
5 fried atractylodes's characteristics: Atractylodes macrocephala is irregular and thick, with yellowish white or yellowish brown surface, rough and uneven, dark middle color, scattered radial texture and brownish yellow punctate oil chambers, grayish brown or grayish yellow periphery, wrinkles and tumor-like protrusions [1]. Solid, fragrant, sweet and slightly pungent, and slightly sticky when chewed [1].
The surface of fried atractylodes is apricot-yellow, with fine soil powder and earthy aroma [1].
6 The nature and taste of Atractylodes macrocephala return to the Pharmacopoeia of the People's Republic of China (20 10 edition): bitter, sweet and warm. Spleen and stomach meridian.
Shennong Herbal Classic: "Bitter and warm."
"Don't record": "Gan, non-toxic."
"Theory of Medicinal Properties": "Sweet and pungent, non-toxic."
"Herbal Decoction": "Start with the meridians of Sun, Shaoyin, Foot Yangming, Taiyin, Shaoyin and Jueyin."
Materia Medica: "Entering the heart, spleen, stomach, triple energizer and four meridians."
7 Efficacy and indications of Atractylodes macrocephala "Chinese Pharmacopoeia" (20 10 edition): invigorating spleen and benefiting qi, eliminating dampness and promoting diuresis, stopping sweating and preventing miscarriage. It is used for spleen deficiency, anorexia, abdominal distension and diarrhea, phlegm, dizziness, edema, spontaneous sweating and fetal movement.
Dictionary of Traditional Chinese Medicine: Atractylodes macrocephala can strengthen the spleen, replenish qi, eliminate dampness, eliminate phlegm, promote diuresis and stop sweating [2]. Indications are weakness of spleen and stomach, anorexia, dyspepsia, distension, diarrhea, dizziness due to phlegm, edema, jaundice, damp arthralgia, dysuria, spontaneous sweating, and restless fetal movement [2].
Dictionary of Traditional Chinese Medicine: Atractylodes macrocephala has the effects of invigorating spleen, benefiting stomach, eliminating dampness, harmonizing middle energizer and preventing miscarriage. Treat weakness of spleen and stomach, lack of appetite, listlessness, asthenia, diarrhea, phlegm retention, edema, jaundice, damp arthralgia, dysuria, dizziness, spontaneous sweating, and uneasy fetal qi.
Chinese Materia Medica: Atractylodes macrocephala has the effects of invigorating spleen and benefiting qi, eliminating dampness and promoting diuresis, stopping sweating and preventing miscarriage. Main spleen weakness, mental fatigue, anorexia, abdominal distension, loose stool, water retention, dysuria, edema, dizziness due to phlegm retention, arthralgia due to warming, spontaneous sweating due to qi deficiency, and restless fetal movement.
Rhizoma Atractylodis Macrocephalae is mainly used for invigorating spleen, eliminating dampness, inducing diuresis and reducing swelling, and is used for phlegm retention, edema and rheumatalgia [1]. Such as Wuling powder, which treats edema of limbs and is unfavorable for urination; Linggui Zhugan Decoction (Treatise on Febrile Diseases) for treating phlegm retention, spleen dysfunction and palpitation; Baizhu Fuzi Decoction for Treating Rheumatalgia (Jin Gui Yao lue Fang Lun) [1].
Fried atractylodes, with the help of soil qi, can strengthen the spleen and stop diarrhea. It is used for diarrhea due to spleen deficiency, loose stool, and restless fetal movement [1]. Such as Lizhong Pill (Spleen and Stomach Theory) (Ten Kinds of Medical Books in Li Dongyuan) (Ten Kinds of Medical Books in Li Dongyuan) (Ten Kinds of Medical Books in Li Dongyuan) and Fuzi Lizhong Pill (Taiping Huimin Heji Prescription); Dajianpi Pill for treating spleen deficiency and anorexia (Complete Collection of Ancient and Modern Medical Systems); And Qianjin Baotai Pill (Gynecological Jade Ruler) with restless fetal movement [1].
Bran fried atractylodes can relieve dryness, borrow bran into the stomach, and enhance the functions of strengthening the spleen and relieving flatulence [1]. It is used for disharmony between the spleen and stomach, abnormal transport and transformation, anorexia, fullness, fatigue and fatigue, and spontaneous sweating due to exterior deficiency [1]. Such as Zhizhu Pill for treating spleen deficiency and qi stagnation and abdominal distension; And Buzhong Yiqi Decoction (Spleen and Stomach Powder) with spleen-qi deficiency and depressed middle qi; Yupingfeng Powder for Treating Qi Deficiency and Spontaneous Sweat (Prescription of Effective Treatment by World Doctors) [1].
Shennong's Classic of Materia Medica: "Treating arthralgia due to cold and dampness, muscle stagnation, spasm, jaundice, antiperspiration, removing heat and promoting digestion."
"Bielu": "The main wind is on the body, dizziness, headache, watery eyes, phlegm and water, swelling caused by wind and water from skin to skin, sudden fullness under the heart and vomiting of cholera, benefiting the blood between the waist and umbilicus, benefiting the body fluid, warming the stomach, eliminating the valley and eating."
"Theory of Medicinal Properties": "Treating obstinate wind, dysentery for many years, chest pain, eating disorder, appetizing, eliminating phlegm and stagnation, eliminating cold and heat, stopping diarrhea, pleasing the main face, staying in the face, relieving swelling, stopping vomiting, abdominal cold pain, vomiting and diarrhea, and cold diarrhea due to stomach deficiency."
Tang Herbal Medicine: "It is beneficial to urinate."
"Rihuazi Materia Medica": "Treat all wind diseases, five strains and seven injuries, air-conditioning and abdominal distension, tonify the waist and knees, eliminate phlegm, control water and qi, facilitate urination, stop nausea and vomiting, and be weak in muscles and bones, and be addicted to gas. Women are cold and sick, warm and sick, and Shan Lan is belching, in addition to annoying long muscles."
The Origin of Medicine: "Removing dampness and benefiting dryness, harmonizing middle warmer and benefiting qi, warming middle warmer, removing dampness in spleen and stomach, removing stomach heat, strengthening spleen and stomach, entering diet, harmonizing stomach, producing body fluid, controlling muscle heat, drowsiness of limbs, eyes unwilling to open, laziness and sedentary, not thinking about diet, quenching thirst and preventing miscarriage."
Li Gao: "Eliminate dampness in the meridians and regulate the spleen and stomach."
Wang Haogu: "Regulating the middle energizer and benefiting the spleen, tonifying the liver and wind deficiency, dominating the tongue, vomiting due to eating, epigastric pain, heavy body, acute pain in the heart, swelling in the heart and water, pulse rushing as a disease, acute adverse qi, umbilical abdominal pain."
"Supplement to Materia Medica": "If there is sweat, it will stop, and if there is no sweat, it will happen. It can eliminate deficiency and phlegm. "
8 Processing effect of fried atractylodes The raw products of Atractylodes macrocephala mainly focus on invigorating the spleen, eliminating dampness, inducing diuresis and reducing swelling, and are used for phlegm retention, edema and rheumatism [1]. Such as Wuling powder, which treats edema of limbs and is unfavorable for urination; Linggui Zhugan Decoction (Treatise on Febrile Diseases) for treating phlegm retention, spleen dysfunction and palpitation; Baizhu Fuzi Decoction for Treating Rheumatalgia (Jin Gui Yao lue Fang Lun) [1].
Fried atractylodes, with the help of soil qi, can strengthen the spleen and stop diarrhea. It is used for diarrhea due to spleen deficiency, loose stool, and restless fetal movement [1]. Such as Lizhong Pill (Spleen and Stomach Theory) and Fuzi Lizhong Pill (Taiping Huimin Heji Ju Fang) for treating diarrhea due to spleen deficiency (Ten Kinds of Medical Books in Li Dongyuan); Dajianpi Pill for treating spleen deficiency and anorexia (Complete Collection of Ancient and Modern Medical Systems); And Qianjin Baotai Pill (Gynecological Jade Ruler) with restless fetal movement [1].
9 Study on the Processing of Atractylodes macrocephala. Atractylodes macrocephala mainly contains volatile oil (about 1.5%), and its main components are atractylone and atractyl. Another active component of Atractylodes macrocephala is lactone [1].
9. Effect of 1 on chemical constituents (1) The content of volatile oil in Atractylodes macrocephala decreased after processing, and the volatile oil in decoction decreased a lot [1]. From the chromatogram, it can be seen that the components of bran fried products have increased, especially the content of lactone components has increased [1]. Therefore, it is considered that the processing of Atractylodes macrocephala is not only to reduce the effect of volatile oil, but also to change the chemical composition [1]. This result suggests that raw products contain more volatile oil, which can be used to dry dampness, while fried products can alleviate its dryness, and use lactones or other components to achieve the effects of harmonizing stomach or promoting digestion [1].
(2) It is also reported that, compared with raw products, the specific gravity and refractive index of volatile oil from stir-fried bran and fried atractylodes increased, but the specific rotation decreased (stir-fried soil decreased obviously) [1].
(3) Through the comparative analysis of the volatile oil of Atractylodes macrocephala before and after processing by TLC and GC-MS, it was found that not only the content of volatile oil but also its components decreased after processing [1].
(4) The content of Atractylodes macrocephala in raw Atractylodes macrocephala and four kinds of fried products was analyzed, determined and compared by HPLC. The results showed that different processing methods and time had certain effects on the content of Atractylodes macrocephala III [1]. Among them, the content of Atractylodes ⅲ in the processed products of lightly fried bran and brown fried bran increased, which may be due to the instability of atractylone contained in Atractylodes macrocephala, which is easy to decompose when exposed to heat and light to produce Atractylodes ⅲ [1]. Atractylodes ⅲ in fried atractylodes and parched Atractylodes macrocephala with bran decreased, which may be due to the fact that.
When the temperature is too high, Atractylodes macrocephala III will be dehydrated and transformed into Atractylodes macrocephala I [1]. It can be seen that the content of Atractylodes Ⅲ in bran fried atractylodes is higher than that in raw Atractylodes macrocephala, and the content of parched yellow bran is the highest [1]. This active ingredient can be used as a feasible reference index to study the processing quality [1].
(5) It has also been reported that the refractive index of the volatile oil of Atractylodes macrocephala has not changed much before and after processing, and it is considered that the volatile oil of Atractylodes macrocephala has not changed much qualitatively [1]. Different processed products of Atractylodes macrocephala have different effects, which are not only related to the change of volatile oil content, but also related to the change of other components [1].
9.2 Effects on Pharmacological Action Pharmacological experiments show that both raw and fried atractylodes have bidirectional regulating effects on isolated rabbit intestinal activity, and raw Atractylodes macrocephala is stronger than fried atractylodes [1]. It is generally believed that Atractylodes macrocephala can strengthen the spleen and relieve dryness after being fried with bran or soil [1].
Storage method of 10 soil fried atractylodes