But pay attention to the following questions:
At present, there are many problems behind the prosperity of leech (also known as leech) breeding. profiteers take advantage of people's lack of understanding of this industry and their eagerness to seek wealth to lead the initial breeders to misunderstanding. There are mainly the following problems:
Introduction problem. Due to the rising market, leech has indeed become a low-cost and high-efficiency breeding project, but it is by no means profitable. 1 mu leech produces 80 kg of dried products-100 kg, and the market purchase price is 140 yuan/kg (most drug farmers sell at this price, and drug dealers sell at the market price),/kloc-0.
And a unit said in a newspaper that 80 kilograms of dried leech can be obtained by raising 10 square meter, that is, 1/6 mu. Calculated by mu, its benefit is120,000 yuan. Under the guise of this attractive profit, the seed price is as high as 5 yuan -6 yuan/piece, which is 20 times of the commodity price (0.3 yuan per piece). Leeches are old, and they can only reproduce after more than 2 years. It is best not to introduce leeches below 20 grams, and never use leeches below 15 grams. They should not be introduced after June, so as not to introduce leeches or young leeches that have already laid eggs, which will make the benefits disappear in that year.
Sales problem. Marketing is the premise of introduction, and the "narrow" marketing of special breeding is determined by its "special". Although leeches are in short supply, the market is not open to purchase, and drug dealers buy them on the premise of their own sales. All kinds of medicine stations also order them by sales according to the consumption of hospitals last year, which causes many people to miss their treasures and eventually sell them at low prices. Breaking into the market is beyond the ability and financial resources of ordinary farmers, and the market is immature. Farmers have to rely on recycling, and some introduced farmers have not even sold commercial leeches, so they can copy the addresses of several drug markets and give them to the introducers. The importer must go to the drug market to personally investigate and understand the actual situation, and then find a reliable partner, which is the key to getting rich by special care. To whom? You can answer this question, and you can introduce the species.
Technical problems. Leeches are really easy to breed, with few diseases, but there are many details. Last year, the leeches of a farmer's family in Lu 'an City, Anhui Province turned white belly. It turned out that the site was not suitable. The field was above and the water was below, so it was inconvenient to change the water. Others had to cross the water from other fields, and the water quality was polluted. The water platform was uncovered and the biological chain in the water did not form at all. Obviously, he is blind in this project. Therefore, it is not enough to be eager to get rich, but it is more important to be cautious. Before taking out hard money, you must ask: What kind of breeding conditions do I have? Although the technology is not difficult, we should also learn the eight-step action. There is no bottom in your heart, so don't move blindly, and don't listen to the nonsense that digging a ditch in front of your house is 1 10,000 yuan. The extraction and application of hirudin is beyond the reach of ordinary farmers except medical research institutions. As for what "water-free fast-growing leeches" are even more out of thin air.
Leech, also called leech, has been a valuable medicinal material since ancient times. It can be used to treat angina pectoris and brain.
Stroke, traumatic injury, etc. At present, there are fewer and fewer wild leeches, and Japan imports them from China every year.
Imported thousands of tons of leeches, resulting in rising prices. Leech culture has low cost and quick effect. Now briefly introduce.
Ecological culture technology of leech paddy field for reference.
1.Paddy field conditions require sufficient water, convenient irrigation and drainage, good water quality, good water retention and good surface quality.
The product area is 667 ~1334 square meters.
2. Main facilities ① Trench. Digging ditches around the field, with a depth of1.2 m and a width of 2.0 m.
Digging a plurality of roads with a depth of 0.4-0.5m and a width of 0.6-0.8m in the field to communicate with the ditch,
Into a "well" and "abundant" shape. The channel area accounts for about 25% of the total field area. ② Dike. Width of embankment 1 m,
0.6 meters high. (3) escape wall and water inlet and outlet. The field is surrounded by plastic film with a height of 0.3 meters.
The wall, inlet and outlet are provided with nylon nets to prevent leeches from escaping.
3. Rice varieties with long growth period, hard stems, resistance to diseases and insect pests and strong tillering should be selected for rice transplanting.
Plant.
4. Feeding leeches. Before feeding leeches, 300 kg should be applied every 667 square meters 10 day.
Rotten organic fertilizer, at the same time, put in aquatic plants such as hydrilla verticillata and Alternanthera philoxeroides to cultivate microorganisms and aquatic plants.
Ensure that the leeches can eat palatable bait as soon as they are stocked. Leech seeds can be purchased from farms, or
Trapped from natural waters with straw soaked in pig blood in spring and summer, and 800 ~1per square meter of water surface.
000 tails.
5. Usually manage ① feeding. Leech is omnivorous and animal-eating, and microorganisms in the staple water,
Floating algae, love to eat snail meat, pig liver paste, and like to suck animal blood. Artificial feeding can be mixed with livestock and poultry blood
Material or grass powder, etc., with meat and vegetables. You can also put mussels or snails in the ditch and let them reproduce naturally for supply.
Leeches feed. Pay attention to the "four decisions" when feeding. "Timing", once a day in the morning and afternoon; "positioning",
Shallow water in Tanaka; "Fixed quality", fresh bait, timely removal of residual bait; "Quantitative", according to the water temperature and other conditions.
Adjust the feeding amount until you are full. ② Fertilization. Full application of organic fertilizer in paddy field, covering 667 square meters.
3,000 kilograms. When fertility declines, rapeseed cake powder can be applied, 667 square meters 10 kg, which not only supplements
The leech bait is also used as topdressing, a small amount for many times. ③ medication. Because leeches have strong disease resistance and rice fields
Because of its ecological function, diseases of rice and leeches rarely occur. Generally, medication is not required. ④ Water quality. usually
The water layer is maintained at about 20 cm, and fresh water is added every 5 ~ 7 days. (5) escape prevention. Patrol the pond frequently every day,
Find problems with dikes, escape walls and water intake and drainage facilities, and repair them in time.
6. The processed and sold leeches can meet the commodity specifications after half a year's feeding, and can be obtained after rice harvest.
Catch and process, catch the big and keep the small. Putting the caught leeches into a container containing 5% ~10% salt water,
Let it all die, then rinse it with clear water, spread it on a bamboo curtain or mat and dry it for sale. excellent
The standard of dried leech is: neat specifications, no impurities, and water content below 20%.
(1) Feeding and management of medical leeches
(1) Fresh blood clots from pigs and cows are put on the edge of the pool at 5 ~ 6 pm, and half of the blood clots are immersed in the water, and the other half are left on the shore, so that medical leeches can be lured to suck and water pollution can be prevented. The remaining blood clots should be removed in time to prevent pollution caused by mildew and deterioration. Feed every 5 days.
(2) When the water pollution becomes smelly, change the water in time. When changing water, do not change water in large quantities or all, in case the temperature difference changes greatly, which will affect the digestive ability of medical leeches or cause other diseases. Change water gradually in small quantities, first release a small amount of old water, and then inject a small amount of clear water.
Hirudo is a small individual, so it is of little value as a traditional Chinese medicine, so its related breeding methods are not introduced much. The following will focus on the feeding management and matters needing attention of wide-body golden leech.
(2) Feeding and management of wide-body golden leech
(1) The water quality requires fertilizer, liveness, clearness and sufficient oxygen content. When the fertility of water is not enough, a small amount of cow dung or chicken manure can be fermented and sprinkled on the bottom of the pool, which not only ensures the fertility of water, but also keeps the bottom soft. But water can't be too fat, and when it is too fat, it is easy to lack oxygen. When the water quality is found to be deteriorating, it should be gradually replaced with some purified water in time. In order to prevent the deterioration of water quality, during normal culture, the speed of water injection and water outlet is even, so that the pool water is in a state of minimal flow.
(2) feeding food. In the seedling stage, that is, from mid-April to late May every year, pig's blood or cow's blood is sprinkled on the water surface for small leeches to eat, and after late May, live mussels or snails are put into the pool for leeches to eat. Put about 250g mussels 100 per 667m2 water surface. Small dosage is not enough for leeches to eat, but large dosage is easy to lead to hypoxia or compete with leeches for space. Pig blood or cow blood is spilled on the water surface once every half month for leeches to eat or mussels to filter, and 30 mussels are replenished every two months.
(3) The temperature of the pool water should be kept at15℃ ~ 30℃, and when it is lower than 10℃, it will stop eating, and when it is higher than 35℃, it will show irritability or escape. When the water temperature is high, appropriate water injection can be used to raise the water level, so as to adjust the water temperature and increase the water exchange rate.
(4) Prevention and control of pesticides, fertilizers and water pollution. The pollution resistance and drug resistance of the wide-body golden thread leech are poor, and it can be killed if the pool water contains 0.28× 10-6 concentration of mercuric chloride or 0. 14× 10-6 concentration of copper sulfate. Therefore, it is best to use less chemical fertilizer in the farmland around the leech pond. At the same time, there should be no domestic sewage or organic wastewater infiltration or discharge into the aquaculture pond.
(5) pay attention to escape. When the conditions are not right, leeches will run away. Patrol the pond frequently, and catch the escaped leeches in time and take corresponding measures to prevent them from escaping. Individuals who die in the quicklime ditch should be picked up in time and dried for medicinal use. Pay attention to patrol around the pool on cloudy or rainy days to prevent leeches from escaping in large numbers.
(6) Set up a purse seine to prevent frogs, snakes and rats from preying. In order to prevent birds, especially waterfowl, from preying,1~ 2 scarecrows can be set around the pool to threaten.
(7) Keep the soil near the water wet. Especially from April to May, leeches are in the breeding season, so they should often spray water on the shore to keep the soil moist, prevent the soil from drying and hardening, and create good conditions for leeches to mate and lay eggs.
(8) To prevent leeches from freezing injury during wintering in winter. Leech overwinters under shallow soil or hay leaves, and it is easy to die of sudden cold weather. Therefore, when overwintering, cover some grass stalks or corn stalks near the pool, and raise the water level of the pool appropriately.
Generally, after 6 months' growth, the seedlings released in early spring can grow to the same size as adults in 10, and then they can be harvested and processed. When seeds need to be reserved, seeds with large individuals and strong growth should be selected, generally, seeds should be reserved every 667 square meters15 ~ 20kg. Concentrate the remaining leech species in the breeding pond for wintering, drain the water before wintering, cover the pond surface and the pond periphery with grass mats or straws to prevent freezing and keep the soil moist. You can also bring ice through the winter, but you must deepen the pool water appropriately to prevent it from freezing completely.
I hope you are interested.