What are the main points of planting Cordyceps militaris?
Carbon source: It is the basis for Cordyceps militaris to synthesize carbohydrates and amino acids, and it is also an important energy source. In artificial culture, Cordyceps militaris can use glucose, sucrose, maltose, starch, pectin and so on. Among them, small molecules such as glucose and sucrose have the best utilization effect.
Nitrogen source: the nitrogen element is organic nitrogen such as protein and nucleic acid synthesized by Cordyceps militaris and inorganic nitrogen such as ammonium salt. There are many available organic nitrogen, such as amino acids, peptone, bean cake powder, silkworm chrysalis powder and so on. Inorganic nitrogen mainly includes ammonium chloride, sodium nitrate and diammonium hydrogen phosphate. Organic nitrogen has the best utilization effect.
Mineral elements: mainly phosphorus, potassium, calcium and magnesium. Inorganic salts are generally added to meet the demand of Cordyceps militaris for mineral elements. Vitamins: Cordyceps mycelium can't synthesize essential vitamins, and adding VB 1 properly is beneficial to the growth and development of mycelium.
Temperature: There are boundaries between optimum temperature, minimum temperature and maximum temperature in different growth and development stages of Cordyceps sinensis. The growth temperature of mycelium is 6℃ to 30℃. When it is below 6℃, it rarely grows, and when it is above 30℃, it stops growing or even dies. The optimum growth temperature is 65438 08℃ 22℃; The growth temperature of fruiting body is 65438 00℃ 25℃, and the optimum production temperature is 20℃ 23℃. Primordial differentiation needs large temperature difference stimulation, and the temperature difference should generally be maintained at 5℃ 10℃.
Moisture and humidity: Moisture is an important part of Cordyceps militaris cells. In the mycelium growth stage, the water content of the culture medium is kept at 60%-65%.
Keep the relative humidity at 60% to 70%; In the growth stage of fruiting body, the water content of culture medium should reach 65% to 70%, and the relative humidity of air should be maintained at 80% to 90%. Pay attention to replenish water and nutrient solution in the culture medium in time.
Air: Cordyceps militaris needs a little air. However, proper ventilation is needed to increase fresh air during the fruiting body occurrence period. Otherwise, too much carbon dioxide will accumulate, and the daughter will not differentiate normally, which will affect the growth and development.
Illumination: spore germination and hypha growth stage do not need illumination, and should be kept in a dark environment. However, the transformation to reproductive growth stage requires bright scattered light, and the illumination is 100240 Le (Le is the unit of illumination). Strong light, dark hyphae, good quality and high yield.
PH value: Cordyceps militaris is an acid fungus, and the optimum pH for the growth and development of its mycelium is 5.26.8. However, during sterilization and culture, the pH value will decrease. Therefore, when preparing the culture medium, the pH value should be raised to 1 1.5, and buffer substances such as 0. 1%0.2% potassium dihydrogen phosphate or dipotassium hydrogen phosphate can be added. After long-term asexual propagation and repeated test-tube transfer, the female parent gene of Cordyceps militaris is prone to mutation, abnormal grass, and decreased yield and quality. Therefore, in production, Cordyceps militaris strains should be sexually propagated at regular intervals.
Specifically, high-yield, high-quality and early-maturing Cordyceps militaris fruiting bodies are selected, after surface disinfection with 0. 1% mercuric chloride solution or 75% alcohol, the surface liquid medicine is washed with sterile water, suspended above a container filled with a comprehensive culture medium, and allowed to stand for culture at 2 1℃-23℃. When a colony of Cordyceps stellatus appears on the surface of the culture medium, a single sample is selected from the inoculation box. The mycelium of Cordyceps militaris was covered with inclined plane and purified. The obtained spore mother seed must be compared with the weeding test, and the high-quality cordyceps fruiting body should be selected again for tissue separation, and then it can be used to expand the cultivated varieties after screening. After expanded culture, the mother seed was placed on rice culture medium and cultured at 18℃-20℃ for 20-30 days, and the growth was observed. If bacteria or mold pollution is found, the mother seed should be further purified; If there is no mixed bacteria pollution, the culture can be continued, and orange-red fruiting bodies will be produced after one month, which shows that the mother seed is reliable. Secondary seed culture: The liquid culture medium was subpackaged in 500ml triangular bottles, each bottle contained 200ml culture medium, and sealed with 12 gauze and one layer of kraft paper. After the mother seed is sterilized by 13-30 minutes, it is inoculated into triangular bottles with inoculation hooks under aseptic conditions, and each inclined plane can be inoculated with more than 10 bottles. After inoculation, it can be cultured in a shaker at 20℃ for about 5 days, and then it can be used as a cultivated seed after forming uniform pellets.
It is worth noting that if the culture solution becomes mixed, there are two possibilities: one is to eliminate bacterial pollution; Second, it is caused by the thick growth of mycelium. If it is difficult to judge, a microscopic examination can be performed. Optimization of culture process and preparation of culture medium Cordyceps militaris mother seed secondary strain (medicine bottle) Cordyceps militaris strain culture environment temperature and humidity control harvesting.