The ancestors of the Miao people lived in the "Five Streams" area during the Qin and Han Dynasties, i.e., the western part of Hunan and the eastern part of Guizhou. In ancient Chinese texts, there are records of the Miao ancestors from more than 5,000 years ago, from the Yellow River basin to the south of the middle reaches of the Yangtze River, known as the "Southern Barbarians" clans and tribes.
Population: 7,398,035
Distribution: They mainly live in the southeast of Guizhou Province, in the Damiao Mountains of Guangxi, on Hainan Island, and in the border areas of Guizhou, Hunan, Hubei, Sichuan, Yunnan and Guangxi.
Culture: The Miao have their own language, the Miao language is divided into three major dialects: Xiangxi, Qiandong, and Sichuan-Guizhou-Yunnan. after 1956, a writing program in the form of the Latin alphabet was designed. As a result of the long-term interaction between the Miao and Han Chinese, a large part of the Miao people are fluent in both Chinese and Chinese language. The Miao region is mainly agricultural, supplemented by hunting. The Miao's arts and crafts, such as flower picking, embroidery, brocade weaving, batik, paper-cutting, and hand-adorned production, are magnificent and colorful, and are famous both at home and abroad. Among them, the batik craft of the Miao people has a thousand-year history. There are more than 130 kinds of Miao costumes, which are comparable to those of any other ethnic groups in the world. The Miao are an ethnic group that can sing and dance well, and are especially famous for their love songs and wine songs. The Lusheng is the most representative musical instrument of the Miao people.
Customs: The Miao pay great attention to etiquette. Guests visit, must kill chickens and ducks hospitality, if it is a long way to the guests, the Miao people used to invite guests to drink horn wine. When eating chicken, the head of the chicken should be honored to the guests in the elders, chicken legs should be given to the youngest guests. In some places, there is also the custom of sharing the heart of the chicken, that is, the oldest master of the family uses chopsticks to flick the heart of the chicken or duck to the guest, but the guest can not eat it himself, and must share the heart of the chicken equally with the old people in the audience. If the guests are small, do not like to eat fat meat, you can explain the situation, the host does not force, but do not eat and drink enough, is seen as looking down on the host
Wedding customs: in the process of young men and women in the marriage of the essential food is also glutinous rice. Hunan Chengbu Miao painted with mandarin ducks sticky rice poi as a token to give each other; held a wedding, the bride and groom to drink a cup of wine, the bridegroom also invited the bride and groom to eat painted with the dragon and phoenix and bong dolls pattern of sticky rice poi.
Clothing: Miao clothing is not exactly the same everywhere, men use cloth to wrap their heads, wearing shorts, but Miao women's dress is generally more elaborate, especially dress, extremely fine, a lot of flowers, some skirts have more than 40 layers, so called "pleated skirt". The various patterns embroidered on the dresses are ancient and colorful. The women are good at weaving, embroidery and batik, and their craftsmanship is very exquisite.
Food customs: Most areas of the Miao three meals a day, are based on rice. Deep-fried food is most common in the form of deep-fried poi. If you add some fresh meat and pickled vegetables as filling, the flavor is more delicious. Meat mostly from livestock, poultry raising, Sichuan, Yunnan and other places of the Miao people like to eat dog meat, there are "Miao dog, Yi wine," said. Miao cooking oil in addition to animal oil, mostly tea oil and vegetable oil. Chili pepper is the main condiment, and some regions even have the saying that "no spicy dishes". Miao dishes are varied, common vegetables are beans, melons and greens, radish, most of the Miao are good at making soybean products. Hmong people everywhere generally like to eat sour dishes, sour soup is a must for every family. Sour soup is made from rice soup or tofu water, which is put into a tile jar and fermented for 3-5 days, then it can be used to cook meat, fish and vegetables.
The food preservation of the Hmong people is commonly done by pickling, and vegetables, chickens, ducks, fish, and meat are all preferred to be pickled into sour flavors. Almost every Hmong family has an altar for pickled food, collectively known as the sour altar. The Miao people have a long history of brewing wine, from the making, fermentation, distillation, blending, cellar have a complete set of technology. Oil tea is the most common daily drink. The Miao people in western Hunan also have a special kind of Wanhua tea. Sour soup is also a common drink. Typical foodstuffs include: blood dunking soup, chili bone, turtle and phoenix soup of Miao township, Mian Cai Po, bug tea, Wan Hua tea, pounded fish, sour soup fish, etc.
Festivals: In the past, the Miao people believed in the spirit of all things, worshipped nature and worshiped their ancestors. There are more festivals, in addition to traditional annual festivals and sacrificial festivals, there are also festivals specifically related to eating. Such as: Duck Festival, New Festival, Fish Killing Festival, Tea Picking Festival and so on. In addition to preparing wine and meat for the festival, it is also necessary to prepare seasonal food. The Hmong New Year usually starts on the first d-day of the first month and lasts for three, five or fifteen days. Before the year, each family should prepare abundant New Year's food, in addition to killing pigs, slaughtering sheep (cattle), but also to prepare enough glutinous rice wine. The New Year's dinner is sumptuous, with "all seven colors" and "all five flavors", and the best glutinous rice is used to make "New Year's Poi". The best glutinous rice is used to make "Nian Ba", which is a gift to be given to each other. Fish-killing festival in the riverside, by women with rice, bacon, sausages and other food and wine, as long as the fish caught, that is, the bonfire, set up pots and pans to cook fish until the fun returns. "Drum Festival" is the biggest Miao folk festival. Generally seven years a small festival, thirteen years a big festival. In the lunar calendar from October to November of the B Ohi Day, when to kill a bullock cattle, jumping Lusheng dance, sacrifices to see the ancestors. Food time to invite friends and relatives *** get together, in order to enhance the relationship, family harmony.
The Miao people pay attention to the true feelings, very enthusiastic, most avoid flashy and hypocritical. The master of the road guests do not take the first step, do not walk in front; talk with respect to address; welcome guests to wear holiday clothes; the guests to the village outside the wine to welcome; guests to the door, the male host to call the door to inform the hostess at home, the hostess to sing open the door to welcome the guests; in front of the guests, the hostess does not climb up the stairs; banquets to chickens, ducks to treat the guests as a delicacy, especially to the heart, the liver of the most expensive, to be the first to give to the guests or the elderly, the guests are divided into the order of all to enjoy, the guests will be given to the people to enjoy. The guests would then share the food with all the people, in the order of the eldest and then the youngest. Guests should not call the host "Miaozi", they like to call themselves "Meng"; prohibit the killing of dogs, dogs, do not eat dog meat; can not sit in the place of the ancestors of the Miao family gods, the tripod on the kang can not step on; not allowed to whistle at home or at night; can not be patted with ash to eat patties baked on the fire; Playfulness is not allowed to tie the Miao people with a belt; meet the door hanging straw hats, branches or wedding and funeral festival, do not enter the house; road meet the newlyweds, do not pass through the middle and so on.
The Uyghur people are very courteous to others. When encountering elders or guests and friends, hand presses the center of the chest, tilted forward 30 degrees; guests, the whole family to welcome, and then the hostess tray on the tea to guests; the elderly to eat or to other people's homes as a guest, to do the "Duwa" (a kind of blessing to touch the face with both hands). The food taboos of the Uyghur people are the same as those of Islam. They are not allowed to send or receive gifts with one hand; they are not allowed to wear shorts and short clothes; they are not allowed to move their heads and feet when they sleep, and they are not allowed to lie on their backs with their limbs stretched out. Wash your hands when you are a guest and do not fling your wet hands around; do not sit down before the elders are seated; do not grab rice with your hands or grab it and then put it back; do not throw away leftover scraps; do not step over the tablecloths or the host during the meal; and do not spit or blow your nose in front of your hosts and guests.
The Zhuang are one of the most populous of China's ethnic minorities, living mainly in Guangxi and Wenshan in Yunnan Province, and also in Lianshan in Guangdong, Congjiang in Guizhou, and Jianghua in Hunan. The population is more than 17 million (2005).
The Zhuang language belongs to the Zhuang-Dai branch of the Zhuang-Dong language family of the Sino-Tibetan language family, and is divided into two major dialects, one in the north and the other in the south. In the Southern Song Dynasty, the Chinese characters were used as the basis for the creation of "local characters", but the scope of use was not wide, and most of the Chinese characters were used. 1955 saw the creation of the Zhuang language, which was based on the Latin alphabet, and the 63rd plenary session of the State Council, presided over by Premier Zhou Enlai, approved the Zhuang language program in November 1957, which put an end to the history of Zhuang people not having their own legal scripts. history of not having their own legal script.
Based on the concentration of their folk literature, music, dance and skills, the Zhuang people created the Zhuang opera. The copper drum is the most representative folk instrument of the Zhuang people.
Shawls
Jewelry woven with the craft of Zhuang brocade. Zhuang brocade, mainly produced in Guangxi, is a unique brocade art handed down from the Zhuang folk, which has a history of development of one thousand years, and the Nanjing brocade, Chengdu brocade, Suzhou brocade and Song brocade, known as "China's four famous brocades".
The Zhuang were known as the "Beng" (撞), "Boy" (僮), and "(彳+童)" (彳+童), in the Song Dynasty historical records. After the liberation of China, they were called "boy", and on October 12, 1965, the People's Committee of the Guangxi Boys' Autonomous Region changed the name of their ethnic group to "Zhuang" for the approval of the State Council.
The Zhuang people have staged many anti-feudal and anti-oppression peasant uprisings, and the village of Jintian in Guiping, Guangxi, was the birthplace of the Taiping Heavenly Kingdom; from December 1929 to 1932, the revolutionary bases on the left and right rivers were established in Guangxi, contributing to the Chinese Revolution.
The Zhuang people are against killing animals on the first day of the first month of the lunar calendar; young women in some areas are against eating beef and dog meat; outsiders are against entering the house during the first three days of a woman's child-birth (and in some cases, during the first seven days); and it is forbidden for a woman who has given birth to a child who has not yet reached the full term of her child's life to visit her home.
The Zhuang people are mainly engaged in agriculture, and the famous Panax ginseng, mealybugs and aniseed oil are the famous specialties of the Zhuang area. Sugar cane production ranks first in the country.
The Zhuang believe in primitive religions and worship ancestors, and some of them believe in Catholicism and Christianity. Famous festivals include the annual "March 3" Song Festival. >>>
Guests to the home, will be in the situation as far as possible to give the guests the best food and lodging, the guests in the elderly and new guests are particularly enthusiastic. Meals must wait for the oldest old man to be seated before dinner; elders did not move the dishes, the younger generation shall not eat first; to the elders and guests tea, rice, must be held in both hands to, and not from the guests in front of the hand, but also from the back of the hand to the elders; first eaten one by one, to the elders, guests, said "eat slowly" and then leave the table; the younger generation can not lag behind in the table after eating. The younger generation should not eat after all the people at the table. When encountering the elderly, men should be called "eunuch", and women should be called "grandmother" or old lady; when encountering guests or heavy people, we should take the initiative to make way for them, and if we encounter heavy elders traveling with us, we should take the initiative to help them carry their burdens and send them to the parting place.
Embroidery ball of Zhuang girls
After the liberation, the Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region was established in the western half of Guangxi on December 9, 1952, and was changed into an autonomous prefecture in the spring of 1956.The Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region was established on March 5, 1958, with the area of the former Guangxi Province as the scope.The Wenshan Zhuang and Miao Autonomous Prefecture of Yunnan was established on April 1, 1958, and the Lianshan Zhuang and Yao Autonomous Prefecture of Guangdong was established on September 26, 1962.
Daily Food Customs The Zhuang in most areas are accustomed to eating three meals a day, while those in a few areas also eat four meals, i.e., a small meal is added between the middle and evening meal. Morning and afternoon meals are relatively simple, usually eat thin rice, dinner is the main meal, eat more dry rice, dishes are also more abundant. Rice and corn are abundant grains in the Zhuang region and have naturally become their staple food. There are various ways to make them, for example, rice has varieties such as indica, japonica and glutinous rice. Usually used for cooking, porridge, but also often steamed into rice flour (similar to noodles, soup, fried food points) to eat, delicious flavor. Japonica rice, glutinous rice can also be soaked into sweet rice wine that is mash (method with the Han Chinese). Nutritious, often eaten in winter, can play a role in cold nourishment. Glutinous rice commonly used to do patties, dumplings, five-color glutinous rice, etc., is the Zhuang festival essential food. Corn is also organic corn and glutinous corn difference, machine corn for porridge, sometimes also fried into corn cakes. Corn porridge is the most commonly eaten by the Zhuang people in the mountains. Some places also have the habit of eating pumpkin porridge, that is, the first melon boiled rotten, plus corn flour can be cooked. Glutinous corn ground into noodles, can be made into glutinous corn poi, or pinched into egg-sized dough (which can be wrapped with sugar, sesame, peanuts and other fillings), and then boiled in water, with its soup to eat, equivalent to the Han Chinese Lanterns, the color and taste are beautiful. Sweets are another feature of Zhuang food customs. Patty cake, five-color rice, crystal buns (a kind of buns filled with fat meat diced with sugar), etc. are all sugar, and even corn porridge is often added with sugar. Everyday vegetables include bok choy, melon seedlings, melon leaves, jing bok choy (Chinese cabbage), choy bok choy, greens, mustard greens, lettuce, celery, spinach, kale, water spinach, radish, bitter hemp greens, and even bean leaves, sweet potato leaves, pumpkin seedlings, pumpkin blossoms, and pea shoots can be used as vegetables. Boiled vegetables are the most common, and it is also customary to pickle them into sauerkraut, sour bamboo shoots, salted radish and daikon. Add lard, salt, and scallions when it is almost ready to be served. The Zhuang are not forbidden to eat any livestock meat, such as pork, beef, mutton, chickens, ducks, geese, etc., and some areas also love to eat dog meat. Pork is also a whole first boiled, then cut into a hand square pieces of meat, back to the pot with seasoning that is. Zhuang people are used to fresh chicken, duck, fish and vegetables made of seven or eight mature, vegetables in a hot pot slightly stir-fried that is, can maintain the fresh flavor of the dish. The Zhuang people also make rice wine, sweet potato wine and tapioca wine at home, the degree is not too high, of which rice wine is the main beverage for festivals and hospitality, some in the rice wine with chicken gall bladder known as chicken gall bladder wine, with chicken miscellaneous known as chicken miscellaneous wine, with pig's liver known as pig's liver wine. Drinking chicken wine and pig liver wine to drink, left in the mouth of the chicken, pig liver is slowly chewed, both to relieve alcohol, but also as a dish.
"March 3" Song Wei
Festivals, rituals and food customs The grandest festival of the Zhuang people is the Spring Festival, followed by the Ghost Festival on the 15th of July, the 3rd of March, the Qingming Grave, the 15th of August, the Mid-Autumn Festival, and the Dragon Boat Festival, the Chongyang Festival, the Taste of the New Year, the Winter Solstice, the Cow's Soul, the sending of the stove and so on, and there are festivals in almost every month. Over the Spring Festival is generally in the waxing twenty-third over the send stove festival will begin to prepare, to clean the house to the windows, twenty-seventh slaughter of the New Year's pig, twenty-eighth package of rice dumplings, twenty-ninth to do patties. New Year's Eve night, in the sumptuous dishes is the most characteristic of the whole boiled rooster, every family must have. The Zhuang people believe that no chicken is not New Year's Eve. On the first day of the year to drink glutinous rice sweet wine, eat dumplings (a kind of dumplings without filling, boiled in the water sugar), after the second party to visit friends and relatives, each other New Year's greetings, mutual food patties, dumplings, rice flower sugar, etc., has been extended to the fifteenth Lantern, and in some places even up to the thirtieth day of the first month, the entire Spring Festival is considered to be the end of the year. March 3 according to past customs for the day of the tomb sweeping, when every family should be sent to carry five-color glutinous rice, colored eggs and so on to the ancestors' graves to worship, clean the cemetery, and by the elders to preach ancestral family history, family rules, *** into the picnic. There are also singing songs, which are very lively, and after 1940, this tradition has gradually developed into an organized song contest, with a more solemn and enthusiastic atmosphere. Other festivals food customs also have their own attention to detail, each with its own characteristics, such as in the yuan to eat duck, Dragon Boat Festival to eat dumplings, Chongyang to eat poi and so on. Zhuang dumplings are divided into rice dumplings (soaked glutinous rice wrapped) and cake dumplings (soaked glutinous rice water milled into a pulp and filtered into a "cake" and then wrapped. "Bao Cai", also known as "Bao Sheng Rice", is a festival food that people in many Zhuang areas love to eat on March 3 and April 8 (Cow Soul Festival). The method is fresh and chic, that is, with the "package of lettuce" wide young leaves wrapped in a small mouthful of rice, into the mouth to chew. Quite unique flavor.
Strong song and dance
The Zhuang people are a hospitable people, the past to the Zhuang villages in any one of the guests are considered to be the guests of the village, often a few take turns to eat, and sometimes a meal to eat five or six families. No matter how close or distant neighbors come to the house as a guest, they should be greeted with courtesy and hospitality. Usually that is the habit of mutual hospitality, such as a pig, must invite the whole village to each family to a person, *** eat a meal. Entertaining guests at the table must be prepared to wine, showing the grandeur. The customary toast is "drinking the cup", which is actually not a cup, but a white porcelain spoon. Two people scoop a spoonful of wine from each bowl and drink from it, looking sincerely at each other. In the event of weddings, funerals, house construction, and the full moon and the first birthday of a child, a banquet is set up for drinking. Generally, there should be buckled meat, rice flour meat, boiled white meat, pork liver, white chicken, roasted suckling pig, bean curd round, deep-fried rong (processed with oil tofu), bamboo shoots, sashimi and other 8 or 10 dishes. Men and women are seated separately, but generally there is no seating order, and all can share the same table regardless of seniority. And according to the rules, even if the baby is breastfeeding, all into the seat that is counted as one, there is a dish, by the parents on behalf of the collection, wrapped in a clean wide blade to take home, meaning equal treatment. Each time you clip food, by the owner of a seat first clip the best to the guests in the dishes, and then others can only down chopsticks. The Zhuang funeral banquet is mostly vegetarian, only after the funeral can eat meat.
Sacrificial Food Customs The Zhuang used to believe in many gods, worship nature, and believe that everything has a spirit, if there is a big tree in the village, it is often regarded as the protector of the village and worshipped, and whoever is seriously ill must go to the tree to burn incense and paper, and pray for blessings; after the village there is a cliff, the Dragon Cave is also regarded as a holy place of the spirit of the spirit or the ghosts of the gods in the place of residence, and often go to the burning of incense and sacrifices of ghosts to eliminate disasters. More is sacrificed to the land god, the Zhuang region, almost every village in the village not far from the foot of the mountain to set up a land temple, every festival or usually kill a pig, we have to go there to the whole boiled pig head over some, if you do the roasted pig will carry a whole pig to honor the sacrifice. The god of the family must be sacrificed every festival, and offerings such as wine, meat, and whole chickens are put on the table before they are eaten. The biggest festival of the year is the Zhongyuan Festival on the 15th day of the 7th month of the lunar calendar. During the Mid-Yuan Festival, every family kills chickens and ducks, steams five-colored glutinous rice, and offers sacrifices to ancestors, ghosts and gods in order to avoid calamities. The Cow Soul Festival is held on the day after the spring plowing, and in some places, it is fixed on the eighth day of the fourth month of the lunar calendar. On this day, each family brings a basket of five-colored glutinous rice and a bunch of fresh grass to the cattle pen to sacrifice the soul of the cattle, and then gives half of the food and fresh grass to the plowing cattle. In the past, the Zhuang people around southwest Gui wanted to kill chickens and geese, make patties and steam glutinous rice on the Frost Festival, and gather at the Yuyin Temple to offer sacrifices. Legend has it that the Frost Festival is a festival commemorating the heroes who resisted foreign invasion and has a history of more than 360 years.
Songs and Dances of the Zhuang People
Typical Foods The Zhuang people have many famous dishes and snacks: Horse's Foot Pole, a unique food of the Zhuang people in the Wenshan area of Yunnan Province, which is made of glutinous rice, bacon and other seasonings, and is as strong as a horse's foot; Fish Sang, which used to be the delicacy of the Zhuang people during festivals or hospitality; Roasted Suckling Pig, a famous dish among the Zhuang people, which is roasted with a small pig; and Colorful Glutinous Rice, which is made of high-quality glutinous rice and various kinds of colorful sticky rice; it is made of high quality sticky rice and various kinds of colorful glutinous rice. Sticky rice in five colors, also known as flower sticky rice, colorful sticky rice, steamed with high-quality glutinous rice and a variety of plant pigments or food coloring, is the traditional festival food of Zhuang (Yao), has a history of hundreds of years, every holiday, friends and relatives have to give each other five-color sticky rice, to show their affection and respect, and to bless the good luck and good luck, happy and happy, and the finished product and has the effect of clearing away the heat and detoxifying the stomach and strengthening the body; Ningming Zhuang dumplings, the Spring Festival of the Zhuang people's special traditional food, is made with glutinous rice, pork and other boiled Made of glutinous rice, pork and other boiled a large rice dumplings, Ningming, Guangxi, the most distinctive rice dumplings, so the name, living in Guangxi, West Jingxi Yue Wei, Lake Run around the Zhuang, every Spring Festival also have to eat this large rice dumplings habit, locally referred to as the "wind Mo rice". Legend has it that the custom of eating wind Mo rice, began in the Northern Song Dynasty, often a few days before the Spring Festival began production. Doing a good job of Ningming Zhuang zongzong early in the year one used to worship ancestors; Scholar Chai handle, with brined duck and other leeks bundled and become. White cut dog meat, Guangxi Zhuang famous dishes, boiled with dog meat mixed with condiments and become, friends gatherings, sometimes only by this dish guessing drinking, so there is a joke: "one-legged dish" (the Zhuang people have the habit of eating dog meat); Zhuang crispy chicken, the central region of Guangxi, the traditional dishes of the Zhuang people, the chicken as the main raw material, after deep-fried and then processed, is the Zhuang family festivals It has a history of more than one hundred years; Stewed Dog with Broken Face, a traditional dish of the Zhuang people in Yunnan, made by putting dog meat with broken face into a casserole and stewing it in water. (Broken-faced dog: also known as the Wei Zi, flower white face, the hair of the whole body in black and white, black and white lines on the head of the prominent, so the name of the broken-faced dog, belongs to the small beasts in the mountains); ⑩ dragon pump three folder, the northwestern region of Guangxi, the traditional dish of the Zhuang, the Zhuang people have pig intestines stuffed into the pig's blood into the food, called "pig dragon pump"; pig dragon pump with pig liver, pork sausages into a cold Poon Choi, when eating a piece of **** three pieces, sandwiched together to eat, hence the name. Has a history of more than 300 years, is the local celebration banquet pressure dishes. In addition, there are tofu dishes, popular dishes of the Zhuang people in the Hechi area of Guangxi, and also the flavors of the Mulao and Maonan people.
The Zhuang Residence
The "dry-rail" building is not only a common traditional residence of many ethnic groups in the southern part of China, but also found in many countries in the South Pacific. What is the meaning of "dry bar"? Translated in the Zhuang language, "Gan" means "above" and "Ban" means "house". The connection is "the house above". This meaning is in line with the documents: "The name of the house is Ganlan (干栏), which means "the house on which people live, and the house under which cattle, sheep, dogs, boars, and animals live" (refer to Huang Xianfan's Zhuangzhu, "The House on the Top"). (Refer to Huang Xianfan's "General History of the Zhuang People"
Festivals of the Zhuang People
Frog Totem and Ant Festival
Like many other ethnic groups, the Zhuang people have also practiced totem worship. There are many kinds of their totem objects, such as the sun, moon, stars, thunder and lightning, crocodiles, snakes, dogs, cows, tigers and banyan trees, bamboo and kapok. Frogs are also one of them.
The frog is the earliest totem of the Ou tribe of the ancestors of the Zhuang people, and in the Spring and Autumn and Warring States Periods, it has occupied the position of a protective god among the people of Xi'ou. Until modern times, some places of the Zhuang people on the frog is still revered, that it is the king of thunder male, was sent to earth as an angel. Therefore, the ancestors of the Zhuang people cast bronze drums often have three-dimensional sculpture of frogs, Donglan, Bama, Tian'e, Fengshan and other places still retained the worship of frogs, "ant festival".
Beiliu type six frogs bronze drum
"Ant Festival" is also known as "Frog Festival", "Frog Festival", "Frog Woman Festival The "Ant Festival" is also known as the "Frog Festival", "Frog Festival", "Frog Lady Festival", etc. "Ant" for the dialect, that is, "frog". The festival is held in the first month of the lunar calendar. Early in the morning on the first day of the first month, people will run to the fields, pulling grass and turning stones, looking around for hibernating ants, the first to find the person is honored as "ant Lang" (i.e., the son-in-law of the sky girl), and become the leader of the festival. People took the ant abduction back to the village, loaded into the "treasure coffin" (i.e., bamboo tube), into the flower tower (colorful paper sedan chair), sent to the ant Pavilion (Pavilion). From this day until about the 25th day of the first month, the children carry the treasure coffins of the flower tower during the day, and travel around the village, singing the old "ant song". In the evening, men, women and children from all over the village gather at the pavilion to observe the spirit of the ant. People beat the copper drums, singing and dancing. From the 25th, the village has buried ant. In the burial of ants before, but also open the previous year's ant treasure coffin inspection. If the bones are black or gray, it is considered a sign of a bad year, people immediately burn incense and kowtow, praying for a new ant in heaven must be more care. If it is golden yellow, it is a good omen of good weather, at once, the sound of thunder, copper drums, ground guns. In the joyful atmosphere, people will bury the new ants. Afterwards, the ant-lang will invite the elders of each family to gather together to celebrate the ant's smooth transition to heaven. At night, the whole village will also sing and dance all night long to *** celebrate the end of the ant festival.
Liu Lang Festival
The June Festival (the first day of the sixth month of the lunar calendar) of the Zhuang people in Wenshan Prefecture. Due to regional differences, some places are over the first day of the seventh lunar month) is also known as the small year, there are also "six Lang Festival", "seven Lang Festival" of different titles. It is the grandest annual festival of the Nong branch of the Zhuang people. During the festival, no agricultural work is done for three days (the same as the Spring Festival), and villages and hamlets, every family slaughters cows and chickens, dyes five-colored sticky rice, and carries out rituals, which is extremely lively and joyful. At that time, generally in accordance with the rules of the clan, meat, wine and food ready, first by the head of the village in the head of the sacrifice of the Zhuang chief Nong Zhigao, then each family can be set up in front of the door of the bamboo couch offerings, prayers and prayers. In the evening of this day, the activity of sweeping away the "Yang ghosts" is also held. The village as a unit, kill chickens, pigs, ducks, dogs and bundled with grass into all kinds of devils, banging gongs and drums, by the "Servant Mo" read incantations to drive away. In some Zhuang villages, grand sports are also held, such as: snatching firecrackers, playing basketball, horse racing and so on. On this day, Zhuang women dye five-color glutinous rice and compare the colors they dyed with each other to see whose color is the most vivid. After the next day, they will also be dyed five-color rice back to the mother's home to pay homage to the New Year, the meaning of its expression and the Spring Festival is almost the same.
Long Duan Festival
The Long Duan Festival, which is held from January to April in the lunar calendar of the FUNING Zhuang people, is also called Long Duan Street, which means "going to a wide and flat place." According to legend, the festival has a history of more than 700 years and originated from the commemoration of Nong Zhigao, a hero of the Zhuang people. During the festival, people dress up to sing and dance, lively and extraordinary, a stage of Zhuang opera performed day and night, daytime martial arts theater, nighttime drama, as the saying goes: no drama not Longduan. In addition to watching the opera song, young people in the festival is exceptionally active, they know each other through the song and dance, deepen friendship, and according to the talent and character test, recommend the best this year, "the man of the year", so, long end of the festival is also known as "catching up with the wind and the song will be".