Polygonum multiflorum Thunb is a perennial twining vine of Polygonaceae. The root is slender, with a big root at the end, and its appearance is reddish brown to dark brown. Materia Medica: "Polygonum multiflorum Thunb. Today is everywhere. The winners are Xiluo Songshan and Zhecheng counties in Nanjing. The leaves of spring seedlings are relatively dark, like sweet potatoes. Its stems spread between bamboo and wood walls. The seeds are as small as buckwheat and as big as millet. Take the roots of autumn and winter as an example. They are as big as fists, and each has five petals, like small melons. " The tuberous roots, rattan stems and leaves of plants can all be used as medicine. The traditional Chinese medicines are Polygonum multiflorum Thunb, Polygonum multiflorum Thunb and Polygonum multiflorum Thunb. Polygonum multiflorum Thunb is divided into raw Polygonum multiflorum Thunb and prepared Polygonum multiflorum Thunb. The raw Polygonum multiflorum Thunb has the functions of detoxification (malaria), laxative and carbuncle elimination. Radix Polygoni Multiflori Preparata has the effects of nourishing essence and blood, blackening hair and strengthening tendons, and nourishing liver and kidney. You can check the latest price in Dayouheng Chinese Herbal Medicine Library.

morphological character

Perennial herbs. It is sunny, semi-tolerant to shade, wet and afraid of waterlogging, and requires well-drained soil. The tuberous root is thick, rectangular and dark brown. Stems twining, 2-4 meters long, multi-branched, with longitudinal edges, hairless, slightly rough, lignified at the lower part. The leaves are oval or oblong, 3-7 cm long and 2-5 cm wide, with a conical top, a heart-shaped or nearly heart-shaped base, rough sides and full edges; Petiole length1.5-3cm; Stipules sheaths membranous, oblique, glabrous, 3-5 mm long. Inflorescence conical, terminal or axillary, long 10-20 cm, branched, with thin longitudinal edge and densely covered with small protrusions; Bracts are triangular-ovate, with small protrusions and sharp tips, and each bract has 2-4 flowers; Pedicels are slender, 2-3 mm long, with nodes at the lower part and prolonged fruit period; Perianth 5-parted, white or light green, with oval perianth, different sizes. The outer three pieces are larger, with wings on the back, which increases when fruit is produced. Perianth is nearly round, with a diameter of 6-7 mm when bearing fruit. 8 stamens, the lower part of filament is wider; Style 3, very short, stigma capitate. Achenes are ovoid, trigonous, 2.5-3 mm long, dark brown and shiny, and are wrapped by persistent perianth. The flowering period is August-September, and the fruiting period is 9-65438+1October. [ 1][2][3]

ecological environment

Born in valley thickets, hillside forests and crevices beside ditches at an altitude of 200-3000 meters. [2]

geographical distribution

Produced in southern Shaanxi, southern Gansu, East China, Central China, South China, Sichuan, Yunnan and Guizhou. Japan also has it. [2]

Efficacy of traditional Chinese medicine

Detoxification, carbuncle elimination, laxative. Can be used for treating carbuncle, furuncle, sore, rubella, pruritus, intestinal dryness and constipation; Hyperlipidemia. ? 1. Osteomalacia (pain in waist and knees, itching all over, difficulty walking). Soak Polygonum Multiflori Radix (preferably with patterns) and Achyranthes bidentata in good wine for seven nights, take out, dry, mash, add jujube meat, and make into meatballs, which are as big as Wuzi. Take thirty to fifty pills at a time. Empty clothes, wine sent down. ? My skin hurts (I don't know where it hurts). Mix Polygonum Multiflori Radix powder and ginger juice into paste and apply. After application, wrap it in cloth and iron the soles with fire. ? 3. spontaneous sweating. Use Polygonum multiflorum powder, adjust saliva and seal umbilical cord. ? 4. Blood flows under the intestinal wind. Use Polygonum multiflorum Thunb. And then ground into powder. Two yuan per meal, rice soup before meals. ? 5. The blood is broken. Apply with Polygonum multiflorum Thunb. There are special effects. ? 6. Tuberculosis of scrofula (broken or unbroken, can be cured to the chest), washed with Polygonum multiflorum roots, eaten raw every day, and the leaves are mashed and applied to the affected area. ? 7. carbuncle sore. Use unlimited amount of Polygonum multiflorum Thunb. Fry on civil and military fire, add the same amount of wine, fry several times, store the wine and drink it at any time; Roast the residue, grind it into powder, cook noodles with wine, and make meatballs, which are as big as five cents. Take 30 capsules each time, hollow clothes and warm wine. After recovery, you can take medicine often. ? 8. Strong winds and diseases. Soak a catty of Polygonum multiflorum Thunb. (preferably large and patterned) Soak in rice soup for seven days, steam it for several times, add four or two pieces of flax, steam it again, and grind it into powder, two yuan each time, twice a day. ? 9. Scabies are divided into Polygonum multiflorum Thunb. And the thick soup is washed? Bathing can relieve pain and promote muscle growth. Bathing with the stems and leaves of Polygonum multiflorum Thunb is also effective. ? Efficacy and function of Polygonum multiflorum Thunb. 1. Pharmacological effects related to efficacy and indications? (1) Promote hematopoietic function? The yield of granulocyte progenitor cells was significantly higher than that of normal saline control group by subcutaneous injection of Polygonum multiflorum Thunb solution twice a day for 3 days 0.2g After intraperitoneal injection of Polygonum multiflorum Thunb. After 50mg/kg of extract for 3 days in a row, the number of hematopoietic stem cells in bone marrow increased significantly, and the generation rate of granulocyte-monocytic progenitor cells in mice also increased significantly, and the number of erythroid progenitor cells in bone marrow increased significantly. ? (2) Enhance immune function? Polygonum multiflorum Thunb has obvious antagonistic effect on the inhibitory changes of spleen and thymus induced by prednisolone and cyclophosphamide in aged mice, and the phagocytosis rate and phagocytosis index of spleen macrophages are obviously improved. Oral administration of ethanol extract of Polygonum multiflorum Thunb can obviously improve peripheral lymphocytes in aged rats? DNA damage repair ability. Does the mouse feed Polygonum multiflorum Thunb? 6g/kg, continuous administration? On the 7th day, the phagocytic ability of peritoneal macrophages was significantly improved, and the decrease of phagocytic index caused by prednisolone was obviously antagonized. ? (3) Hypolipidemic and anti-atherosclerosis? Rats with hyperlipidemia take Polygonum multiflorum Thunb every day. 4g/kg, continuous? After 10 days, the contents of serum total cholesterol and serum triglyceride in rats decreased significantly. For quails with hyperlipidemia, continuous gavage of Polygonum multiflorum Thunb for 4 weeks can significantly reduce the serum TC content and increase it. Another experiment of HDL/TC ratio proved that Polygonum multiflorum Thunb can not only reduce TC content, but also reduce the formation of atherosclerotic plaque in hyperlipidemia and atherosclerosis model rabbits. Polygonum multiflorum water extract? Can mice be significantly improved by feeding 32g/kg 1 month? High density lipoprotein-? After 90 days of grade C, Polygonum multiflorum Thunb. When it was mixed with feed to feed rats, HDL-C also increased significantly, but TG and TC did not change significantly, and β lipoprotein had obvious inhibitory effect. The ratio of plasma HDL-C/ total cholesterol increased significantly after 6 weeks of gavage of Polygonum Multiflori Radix ethanol extract to quail with rapid atherosclerosis, especially in high dose group. All groups have the effect of delaying atherosclerosis. Effective components of Polygonum multiflorum Thunb. In reducing blood lipid and cholesterol, anthraquinone, biphenyl compounds and lecithin are included. ? (4) protect the liver? Biphenyl compounds contained in Polygonum Multiflori Radix have obvious antagonistic effects on fatty liver and liver function damage, liver lipid peroxide increase, serum alanine aminotransferase and aspartate aminotransferase increase in rats caused by corn oil peroxide, and reduce the contents of serum free fatty acids and liver lipid peroxide. In vitro, it can inhibit the growth of ADP, ADP, ADP and ADP. NADPH induced lipid peroxidation in rat liver microsomes. Polygonum multiflorum Thunb also has the function of increasing liver glycogen. Polygonum multiflorum Thunb. Polygonum multiflorum Thunb. Use black bean juice and steamed Polygonum multiflorum Thunb. Hepatomegaly caused by carbon tetrachloride reduces the liver weight coefficient. ? (5) delay aging, and modern investigations have vitamin E to prevent wrinkles from regenerating. ? Polygonum multiflorum Thunb decoction. Feeding aged mice or young mice can obviously increase the content of protein in brain and liver, and improve the DNA repair ability of the aged body. The ethanol extract and water extract of Polygonum multiflorum Thunb can increase the content of cytoplasmic protein and nucleic acid in thymus of aged rats to varying degrees. ? The anti-aging effect of Polygonum multiflorum Thunb is related to its antioxidant effect. Oral administration of Polygonum Multiflori Radix decoction concentrated solution to aged mice can obviously improve the activity of SOD in blood. Polygonum multiflorum Thunb. It has a certain antioxidant effect. Both the new processed products and the old processed products can obviously improve the SOD activity in the whole blood and brain tissue of mice, and reduce the LPO content in the heart, liver, brain tissue and blood of mice. Raw products have no obvious effect on SOD and LPO. The alcohol extract or water extract of Polygonum multiflorum Thunb can increase the SOD content in heart, liver and brain of aged rats and decrease the LPO content. ? (6) Effects on endocrine? Long-term intragastric administration of Polygonum Multiflori Radix decoction concentrate can significantly increase the weight of adrenal gland in mice. Polygonum multiflorum Thunb also has the function similar to adrenal cortex, which can obviously improve the stress ability of bilateral adrenalectomy mice and reduce the mortality rate of mice caused by freezing. Radix Polygoni Multiflori Preparata can promote the accumulation of hepatic glycogen in mice starved by norepinephrine, and make the hepatic glycogen increase obviously. The effect of Polygonum multiflorum Thunb on blood sugar has a certain time-effect relationship. After oral administration of Polygonum multiflorum Thunb. decoction in rabbits, the blood sugar rose to the peak within 30 and 60 minutes, then gradually decreased, and the blood sugar was lower than normal after 6 hours. There are two kinds of insulin receptors in rat liver: high affinity, low volume and low affinity, high volume. The binding ability of aged mice is obviously reduced, but the affinity remains unchanged. Polygonum multiflorum Thunb has no obvious effect on the two parameters of capacity and affinity. ? (7) Runchang laxative? Polygonum multiflorum Thunb. It is eaten raw and has a strong laxative effect. Its effective component chrysophanol can promote the intestinal movement of animals. Some patients with hyperlipidemia have increased stool frequency and diarrhea after taking it. ? 2. Other pharmacological effects? It is reported that all kinds of processed Polygonum multiflorum Thunb. (raw Polygonum multiflorum Thunb. , steamed Polygonum multiflorum Thunb. Steam Polygonum multiflorum with wine. Use black bean juice and steamed Polygonum multiflorum Thunb. ) has different effects on Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus albus, Shigella flexneri, Shigella sonnei and Salmonella typhi 90 1. Paratyphoid bacilli include diphtheria and hemolytic streptococcus type B. Among them, Shouwu decoction has stronger inhibitory effect on Staphylococcus aureus than other processed products, while Shouwu decoction has stronger inhibitory effect on Staphylococcus albus, steamed Shouwu decoction and Radix Rehmanniae juice have stronger inhibitory effect on diphtheria than other Shouwu soups. Polygonum multiflorum Thunb has certain inhibitory effect on influenza virus. In addition, Polygonum multiflorum Thunb has the effects of slowing heart rate, dilating coronary artery and resisting myocardial ischemia. ? To sum up, the pharmacological action is related to the action of Polygonum multiflorum Thunb. Nourishing liver and kidney, nourishing essence and blood, blackening hair and strengthening tendons can promote hematopoietic function, improve immune function, reduce blood fat, resist atherosclerosis, protect liver, delay aging, affect endocrine function, moisten intestines and relax bowels, etc. The material basis of Polygonum multiflorum Thunb's efficacy is mainly phospholipids, anthraquinones, glycosides and other components.