calcium (Ca)
Calcium is an important component of human bones and teeth, and it is also an important element to ensure maternal metabolism and the formation and development of fetal bones and teeth.
Calcium requirements during pregnancy
At the beginning of pregnancy, it is recommended to supplement 800 mg of calcium every day; It is suggested to supplement calcium1000 mg every day in the second trimester; Add 1200mg daily in the third trimester.
Food sources of calcium
1. Milk and dairy products
Fresh milk, yogurt and various dairy products are the best sources of calcium supplementation, which are rich in calcium and have high absorption rate.
2. Others
Millet and small fish, crispy bones, shrimp skin, beans and bean products, egg yolk, peanuts, green leafy vegetables, Gan Lan vegetables, sunflower seeds and walnuts are all good sources of calcium.
Take tonic to strengthen your physique.
If you can't meet the daily calcium intake of expectant mothers through diet, then take calcium supplements under the guidance of a doctor.
The common calcium supplement products in China and their calcium contents are: calcium carbonate contains 40% calcium, calcium chloride contains 27% calcium; Calcium bicarbonate contains 23% calcium, calcium citrate 9% calcium 1, calcium lactate 13% calcium gluconate 9% calcium. Choose calcium agent suitable for pregnant women according to doctor's advice.
Precautions for calcium supplementation:
1. The simplest and most convenient way is to drink 500ml milk every day, 1 cup in the morning and evening;
2. Supplementing calcium with vitamin D and phosphorus can further promote calcium absorption;
3. Pregnant mothers can bask in the sun properly, which is beneficial to the absorption of calcium;
Although it is important for pregnant mothers to get enough calcium, don't blindly take high-calcium foods, such as taking a lot of calcium tablets and vitamin D, which is not only harmful to the growth of the fetus, but also harmful to the fetus.
iron
Pregnant mothers' demand for iron began to increase from the 16 cycle of pregnancy, and the demand for iron was the highest at 6-9 months. Once the intake is insufficient, it may lead to serious consequences such as low birth weight or even stillbirth. In addition, iron deficiency can also cause neonatal anemia.
Iron demand during pregnancy
Postpartum new mothers suggest taking 18 mg iron every day; It is recommended to take at least15-20 mg daily in the first trimester; It is recommended to take 20-30 mg every day in the third trimester.
Food source of iron
Vegetables: laver, kelp, lotus root, black fungus, green vegetables;
Cereals: black sesame, sesame paste, glutinous rice and millet;
Meat: animal livers such as lean meat, pig liver, pig blood, chicken liver and beef liver;
Beans: yuba, soybean, mung bean and broad bean;
Fruit: cherry, banana;
Eggs: yolk, duck egg yolk.
Take tonic to strengthen your physique.
When the iron intake is still insufficient, pregnant mothers can also take iron supplements under the guidance of doctors. Generally, after taking iron 10 days, anemia symptoms will begin to be alleviated. After taking it for 2-3 months, the symptoms of anemia will gradually disappear.
Matters needing attention in iron supplementation
1. Coffee, tea, cereals, soybeans, etc. It will hinder the absorption of iron, so make a good choice when eating and eat a balanced diet;
2. Eat more fresh vegetables and fruits while supplementing iron. Vitamin c can promote the absorption and utilization of iron;
3. Taking iron supplements will make pregnant women constipated, so while taking iron supplements, pregnant women should eat more dietary fiber food and drink more water.
I believe every pregnant mother knows that it is very important to supplement iron and calcium during pregnancy. So, how to supplement iron and calcium during pregnancy?
How to supplement iron?
1. When does the iron replenishment start?
Generally, when the file is filed around 12 weeks, routine blood examination will be done to check the concentration of hemoglobin, and then judgment will be made according to the value. Generally, in the first trimester, complementary food is the main food. Do blood routine when you have glucose tolerance in the second trimester. If the value is low, you need to start iron supplementation.
2. How to supplement iron through food?
Eat more foods that meet the requirements of iron, such as animal liver (such as pig liver), lean meat, poultry, blood (duck blood, pig blood) and so on. Animal liver should be eaten at least once a week.
3. What kind and dosage of iron supplement?
Generally speaking, it is a "polysaccharide-iron composite capsule", with a box of 10 capsules, and each capsule contains 1.5g of iron. Whether to take 1 capsule or 2 capsules a day will be judged and guided by the doctor according to the value of hemoglobin concentration, that is, the degree of anemia.
4. When is the best time to supplement iron every day?
Iron supplementation is best taken with meals or after meals, and the effect is the best.
5. How to make the absorption effect of iron better?
Supplement vitamin C while supplementing iron. You can eat foods rich in vitamin C, such as lemonade.
How to supplement calcium?
1. When do you start calcium supplementation?
From 16 weeks, in addition to the calcium intake in daily diet, extra calcium should be added every day.
2. How to supplement calcium through food?
Eat more foods that are in line with calcium, such as milk, sesame, kelp, beans, shrimp and so on.
3. How much calcium do you need to supplement every day?
In the second trimester, that is, 16 to 28 weeks, you need to supplement 600 mg of calcium every day. The intake of calcium in early pregnancy is 300 mg more than that in the second trimester, which is 900 mg. If you have leg cramps, you need to increase the dose at the doctor's suggestion.
4. Which calcium supplement should I choose?
You can eat calcium tablets and swallow them like calcium supplements. If you think it is too big to swallow, you can choose a chewable tablet like Jody. If constipation is serious, it is recommended to switch to liquid calcium.
5. When is the best time to supplement calcium every day?
The best time to supplement calcium is at night, which is helpful for absorption. In addition, drinking a glass of milk before going to bed can also help you sleep.
6. How to make the absorption effect of calcium better?
Vitamin D supplementation While supplementing calcium, you can eat foods rich in vitamin D and go outdoors to bask in the sun.
To sum up, the above is that lemon mother should pay more attention to iron and calcium supplementation during pregnancy. Pregnant mothers can refer to it. It is very important to supplement calcium and iron. I hope pregnant mothers pay attention, otherwise it is likely to affect the development of the baby in the stomach.
How to supplement iron and calcium during pregnancy?
First, it is very important for pregnant women to supplement iron during pregnancy, especially after 18 weeks of pregnancy. Because the blood volume of pregnant mothers has increased a lot during this period, it is especially necessary to strengthen iron intake. There is also the need for breastfeeding after the baby is born, and the iron in breast milk must be stored in the pregnant mother in advance, so the pregnant mother should reasonably ensure the iron intake every day during pregnancy! Preferably through food intake. So what are the foods containing iron?
① Pig liver is not only rich in iron, but also helps to accelerate human metabolism, enhance secretion function, and effectively improve the phenomenon that pregnant mothers are afraid of cold. Eating pig liver is delicious and supplementing iron.
2 red dates, red dates are rich in iron, which can replenish blood and can be eaten by pregnant women. Red dates can be used to make soup with fungus. Very good.
Second, the importance of calcium supplementation during pregnancy. The calcium intake of pregnant mothers is not only related to the health of their own nutritional structure, but also related to the baby's development. Pregnant mothers can supplement calcium from these foods during pregnancy.
① Bone soup, pig bones, pig bones, ribs, etc.
2 dairy products, milk, yogurt, cheese, etc.
(3) Seafood, shrimp, shrimp skin, laver, crucian carp, carp, etc.
3 beans, soybeans, edamame, broad beans, tofu, soybean milk.
(4) Fresh vegetables, such as celery, carrots, rape, coriander, auricularia auricula, mushrooms, etc.
Nuts, almonds, cashews, walnuts, chestnuts, ginkgo, etc.
No matter what food the pregnant mother eats during pregnancy, remember not to eat too much, just seven points full, eat less and eat more meals, and mix them reasonably to achieve a balanced nutrition.
Check serum ferritin and vitamin D, and decide whether to supplement iron according to the test results. How much to make up?
Regarding calcium supplementation, we must first ensure that expectant mothers do not lack vitamin D, otherwise your calcium supplement will be absorbed too little. This will affect the calcium supply of the fetus.
According to the research results, about 90% of expectant mothers will lack vitamin D, because modern women are afraid of tanning and rarely bask in the sun!
Under the premise of normal vitamin D level, pregnant women need to supplement 1200mg of calcium every day.
Part of pregnancy is obtained from food: a bag of milk a day, eating more shrimp skin can supplement calcium; Eating more lean meat can supplement iron. But in order to ensure adequate, you should take calcium tablets and iron-supplementing capsules. I had almost no cramps, and my blood test was not anemia. The doctor still asked me to take calcium tablets and iron supplements. So I think these two should be eaten by pregnant women now. Just like folic acid must be eaten. I hope I can help you.
Calcium supplementation should start after three months of pregnancy, because with the growth of pregnancy, the gradually formed fetal bones and growth need more calcium, and pregnant women also need to provide nutrition for their babies and themselves, and also need more calcium, so it is best to supplement calcium after twelve weeks of pregnancy. Otherwise, unreasonable calcium supplementation will cause discomfort such as leg cramps in pregnant women. 1. The fetus grows and develops relatively fast after three months, especially the development of bones and teeth, which requires proper calcium. Otherwise, calcium deficiency is likely to cause baby's developmental retardation and congenital rickets. 2. If calcium supplementation during pregnancy is unreasonable, osteomalacia and pregnancy-induced hypertension may be caused by calcium deficiency.
The best time for pregnant women to supplement iron is about 6 months after menopause. After pregnancy, the doctor will do a series of blood tests for pregnant women, the most common of which is blood routine to see if the pregnant mother is anemia. After pregnancy, the whole body blood volume will increase, and by the 32nd week of pregnancy, the whole body blood volume will increase to the peak, which will cause dilution anemia. Pregnant women are basically iron deficiency anemia, so anemia screening will be carried out in the second trimester. If anemia occurs, iron will be given to correct anemia. If there is no anemia, early iron supplementation, improved diet and drug treatment are also recommended. Because iron is the raw material for synthesizing hemoglobin, and hemoglobin assists oxygen to supply blood and oxygen to the baby. If there is iron deficiency anemia, it is possible that the baby is hypoxic and even the baby is stunted. Therefore, iron supplementation begins in the second trimester of pregnancy, about 6 months.
You can drink pure milk in the first and second trimester of pregnancy, and eat more foods with high calcium content, such as deep-sea fish and shrimp skin. You can take calcium tablets in the third trimester. If iron is supplemented, if there is no obvious iron deficiency, common foods such as animal liver and meat can be supplemented from food.
Eat more beef and mutton to supplement iron, eat Li Feineng for iron deficiency, eat prawns for calcium deficiency and eat calcium tablets for calcium deficiency.