2, planting. The lower and middle reaches of the Yangtze River water chestnut planting time can be arranged in late May to early June, planting before carefully digging out seedlings, wash away the soil can be planted. Water chestnut planting spacing to 30 × 50 cm or so is the best, 1 plant per hole, 2500-3000 plants per mu. Planting water chestnut should be appropriate depth, in order to enter the soil depth of 5-7 centimeters is appropriate.
3, fertilizer. After planting water chestnut seedlings, require higher soil temperature to facilitate the return of green tillers, it is appropriate to irrigate shallow water to stabilize seedlings. With the increase in tillering plants, transpiration increased, should gradually deepen the water layer, to promote the formation of above ground stem groups. After sealing the rows, irrigation depth is not, control tiller plant formation, early knot chestnut, bulb increase, increase, but should control the amount of nitrogen fertilizer, to prevent futile growth. Water chestnut throughout the growing period can not lack of water, such as not futile growth should not be put aside field water, especially bulb expansion period, more should not lack of water. Water chestnut plant clusters are many and large, and the various nutrients and assimilated substances required during the period of ball-bearing capsule are also many, so the base fertilizer should be sufficient. In the tillering and planting time requires sufficient nitrogen fertilizer, more should not lack of fertilizer, to ensure that water chestnut enough seedlings plant enough. After entering the balling period, it is not appropriate to apply nitrogen, or futile growth, causing collapse, affecting the balling, and aggravate the occurrence of diseases.
4, potash to improve the quality of the bulb, promote amino acids, protein analysis synthesis and sugar, starch running accumulation has an important role, in addition to the base fertilizer, but also in the growth period of water chestnut fertilizer potash, in addition, sufficient potash can also improve the plant's resistance to disease. Phosphorus fertilizer has a similar effect on water chestnut. So planting water chestnut must be nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium fertilizer three elements with, especially in the beginning of the flower knot chestnut before and after the period of indispensable phosphorus and potassium fertilizer. At this time, if you can spray foliar fertilizer, or potassium dihydrogen phosphate, etc., can receive bulb thick, improve the effect of yield.
5, management. Seedling period: from the living tree to the birth of tillers, planting before this period is called the seedling period. Water chestnut is an aquatic crop, and a shallow water layer of 3-5 centimeters should be maintained during the seedling period. Water chestnut starts to develop 10-15 days after planting. When the old leaves of water chestnut seedlings die, combine with pulling weeds to step into the field the seedling with yellow stem and rotting seed capsule and the dead leaves of weeds, which is good for the seed capsule to grow new roots. At this time you can apply urea once, generally 10-15 kg of urea per mu to promote early tillering and planting of water chestnut.
6, nutritional period: in the tillering period water chestnut rows between the implementation of cultivation field weeding 2-3 times, combined with weeding the 2nd fertilizer, urea 5-10 kg per mu to promote the knot chestnut. From the autumn equinox to the cold dew in the bulb vigorous growth period should deepen the water layer, so that the water layer is maintained in the range of 6-9 cm is good. This period often occurs water chestnut culm blight and water chestnut white gram borer, for water chestnut culm blight can be used per mu 50% carbendazim wettable powder 500-1000 times liquid plus 70% metribuzin 800 times liquid 40 kg spray control, white gram borer prevention and control method is to 98% of the fenitrothion 100 grams of 50 kg of water for spray control.
7, maturity: in the bulb maturity that is, about 20 days before harvest should stop irrigation, so that the leaves turn yellow, gradually dry, ready to harvest. There is no other management in this period, as long as you prevent livestock from harming it.