Long-term anemia will affect heart function and intellectual development.
Anemic babies can eat the following foods:
1, animal liver. Animal liver is rich in various nutrients, which is the first choice to prevent iron deficiency anemia. Studies have shown that every100g of pig liver contains 25mg of iron, which is easily absorbed by human body.
2. lean meat. Although the iron content of lean meat is not too high, the utilization rate of iron is similar to that of pig liver, and it is easy to buy and process. It can be used to make mud and noodles, and babies like to eat it.
3. Egg yolk. Egg yolk contains 7 mg of iron per 100 g, and eggs are also rich in other nutrients, which is also a good iron supplement food.
4. Soybeans and bean products. Every 100g of soybean and soybean flour contains 1 1mg of iron, and the human body absorption rate is 7%, which is much higher than that of rice and flour.
5. Sesame sauce. Sesame paste is rich in various nutrients and is an excellent nutritious food for infants. Every 100g sesame paste contains 58mg of iron, and is also rich in calcium, phosphorus, protein and fat, so it is suitable to be added to the diet of infants.
The main function of red blood cells in human body is to transport oxygen to various tissues in the body. This function is accomplished by hemoglobin in red blood cells, and iron is an important component of hemoglobin. Therefore, it is not difficult to imagine that when the iron content in the body decreases, the ability of red blood cells to transport oxygen will be weakened. When the iron content is reduced to a certain extent, it will show anemia with a series of symptoms.
First, the standard of infant anemia
According to the diagnostic criteria of anemia of the World Health Organization,
From June to 5 years old, hemoglobin < 1 10 g/L is anemia;
6 years old ~ 1 1 year old, hemoglobin < 1 15 g/L, which is anemia;
12 years old ~ 14 years old, hemoglobin < 120 g/L, which is anemia.
Second, the classification of infant anemia
According to the causes of anemia, baby anemia is divided into three categories.
(1) insufficient erythropoiesis;
This category includes iron deficiency anemia, megaloblastic anemia, reduction of erythroid progenitor cells in bone marrow, infectious anemia and so on.
(2) Red blood cells are destroyed too quickly;
This category includes hemoglobinopathy, enzyme deficiency, erythrocyte membrane deficiency, immune factors, uremia syndrome, congestive splenomegaly, biotoxins, hemolysis caused by physical factors and so on.
(3) Excessive loss of red blood cells;
This category includes trauma, gastrointestinal diseases, hemorrhagic diseases and so on.
Among them, iron deficiency anemia is the most common type of anemia in infants, and the onset age is mostly between 6 months and 3 years old.
Third, the symptoms of iron deficiency anemia in the baby
Because the renewal cycle of red blood cells is 120 days, it usually takes 3-4 months from iron deficiency to anemia, so the onset of iron deficiency anemia is slow, and some symptoms are easily overlooked. If you pay attention to observation, compared with children of the same age, you will still find clues, such as short temper, irritability, shortness of breath, fast heart rate, and like to bite things other than food (hair, paper, towels, mud).
Fourth, the cause of iron deficiency anemia in the baby
To sum up, there are two reasons:
(1) The baby grows too fast, resulting in insufficient iron;
(2) Insufficient iron intake or malabsorption.
Full-term babies, whether breast-fed or formula-fed, can meet the needs of six months, and don't worry too much about iron deficiency during this time; But after six months, the nutrition provided by breast milk and formula milk can no longer meet the needs of the baby's body. During this period, the baby grows rapidly. When 1 year old, the baby's weight can be increased to three times that of the newborn, but the iron storage in the body only increases to about two times, which is easy to cause iron deficiency. Therefore, iron-containing complementary food should be supplemented in time after six months. If it is not timely or inappropriate, it will easily lead to iron deficiency anemia. And this time point is the starting point for the World Health Organization to recommend supplementing solid or semi-solid food on the basis of breastfeeding.
Five, the baby's iron deficiency anemia diet
Foods rich in iron include the following two categories:
Choose the above foods and process them into various forms of baby food (batter, minced meat, etc.). ) and change the cooking method appropriately, so that the baby can complete the perfect transition from accepting complementary food to liking complementary food. Remember to supplement vitamin C, which can promote the absorption of iron. Foods rich in vitamin C are: citrus, green leafy vegetables, peaches, apples, bananas, tomatoes and so on.