There are many things in the twelfth lunar month.
Since the twelfth lunar month, there have been literati writing Spring Festival couplets under the eaves of shopping malls in an attempt to earn some money for the New Year. After the sacrifice, the new Spring Festival couplets were gradually posted, and thousands of families took on a new look. Some people use James Zhu, others use red paper, and only the imperial court and imperial clan princes use white paper with red and blue edges as the rules. Those who are not imperial clan shall not use them at will.
In the twelfth lunar month, plum blossoms are tied in a big-bellied and small-mouthed utensil and placed about five feet underground. When the fire warms the ground slightly, the plum blossoms will gradually turn white, put in paper cages and sell in the city. Momo, plum blossom and Spring Festival are also acceptable. Tents are set up and paintings are sold in prosperous areas. Women and children rushed to buy them for fun.
On the first day of the twelfth lunar month, porridge sellers lined up in the market on the street. There are even walnuts, persimmons, dates, chestnuts and dried water chestnuts, which are sold with baskets on their shoulders. Followed by fat pheasant, Guandong fish, wild cats, wild birds, bacon, iron finch, fruit cover, giant Buddha flower, Douguang Qianpian and Louzizhuang Yuanbao. After October of the lunar calendar, we sell Wei paintings, door gods, hanging money, gold and silver foil, yellow money, gold coins, burning paper, glass mirrors and windows. After the 20th, honeydew melons, sugar cakes, glutinous rice cakes and kwantung sugar will be sold. When the stove was delivered on the 23rd, Shenma was provided with copied beans with rotten grass. There are also kiln sellers, porcelain bowls, incense burners and candlesticks in Beijing. Stuffed gourd, children save money; Support the pot tile, and the furnace mouth is used as an aid. After 25th, sesame stalks, pine and cypress branches, atractylodes rhizome and so on are sold for "aging". In the twelfth lunar month, prices and money are more expensive than usual, so there is a proverb that "the water and soil in the twelfth lunar month are three points more expensive". At this time, the old people always advise the younger generation to be cautious in spending money, so they have "Twenty-seven Eight, take all the goods and grasp them."
On the eighth day of the twelfth lunar month, we celebrate Wang Houla and cook fruit porridge. Rice and beans were prepared the day before, and figures were carved with hundreds of fruits. Cooking porridge in the middle of the night, the whole family gets together to eat and feed it to relatives and neighbors, which is Laba porridge. Laba porridge is cooked with yellow rice, white rice, glutinous rice, millet, water chestnut, red cowpea and peeled jujube paste. And dyed with red peach kernels, almonds, melon seeds, peanuts, hazelnuts, pine nuts, sugar, red ponds, grapes, etc. Never use lotus seeds, lentils, coix seed and glutinous rice, which will hurt you. Peel the fruit once every seven days, wash the utensils once, and operate all night until the porridge is cooked at dawn. Afternoon is not allowed except for ancestor worship and Buddha worship. There are also red dates, walnuts and so on. Make it into categories such as lions and children, and you can see smart thinking.
Laba and Yuhe River start from the ice room, water is transported from Tonghe to the inner kiln, and ice is transported from Taiye Pool to the ice kiln, which is very convenient in summer.
At the end of 23rd, every family offered sacrifices to stoves, put up posts in the courtyard and hung lanterns. Sacrifice is a soup stove rice, honeydew melon and candied cake, and sacrifice is a fried bean pot with fragrant grains. Luo Bai, male, is willing to suppress evil and promote good. In the back room, women sweep the stove, wipe the mud and burn incense for worship.
Every year1February, within 19, 20, 2 1 22, Qin chooses an auspicious day, seals it as usual, announces it to the world, and all of them implement public holidays. Since then, the Liyuan Opera House has closed one day, and eight classes will perform together, and the play will be blessed on the first day of next year. Children who go to school are also given a holiday by the teacher after the "closure", which is called "the year after school".
From 25th to New Year's Eve, it is said to be "Luan Nian Festival". "Twenty-seven, sick, twenty-eight, sloppy."
At the end of the year, throw the medicine left over from one year outside the door and burn the collected prescriptions together. This is called "losing all diseases".
Burning pine branches, cypress leaves, atractylodes rhizome and auspicious Dan in a furnace is called "simmering year".
The day before New Year's Eve is called "New Year's Eve" and there is a banquet at home. People call it "not old". Burning incense outdoors is called "Tianxiang", which usually takes three days.
Many old people are on New Year's Eve.
On New Year's Eve, people go out to visit relatives and friends in embroidered robes, which is called "saying goodbye to the old and welcoming the new". Family members kowtow to their elders, which is also called "resignation". Newlyweds must go to their father-in-law's house to resign, otherwise it is disrespectful.
On New Year's Eve, sesame stalks should be sprinkled outside the walkway from home to the gate, which is called "stepping on the year".
It was the first time to have sex on New Year's Eve. Outside, treasures and torches win glory, and firecrackers explode. Shoulder cluster, chariots and horses stumble. Hundreds of officials went to North Korea to celebrate New Year's Day. At this time, firecrackers thundered all over the government and stayed up all night. It is even more mixed with the rattle, selling melon seeds to relieve boredom, selling rice wine ice cups, selling sweet-scented osmanthus head oil called Jiao Niang, and selling fine vegetable powder, which is comparable to the sound of firecrackers. It's really good. "Home of the natives, new clothes, Su Dai, worship the gods and ancestors; After burning germanium silk, the family went to worship, offered pepper plates, poured cypress wine, steamed cakes and sipped noodle soup. Going out to greet the relatives, attending the medicine window and the shadow window, there is a Cambodian celebration. " If you meet relatives and friends on the road, you should pay a New Year call first, and then wish "Happy New Year". "As for entertainment, flowers will be tea, ten brocade hot pots will be delicious, and the soup will be served with goose oil, pork buns, rice cakes and yellow rice; Wine and vegetables are salted chicken bacon, bad heron and phoenix fish, pheasant feet, deer and rabbit breasts; Fruits include pine, hazelnut, lotus, peach, apricot, melon seed kernel, chestnut, jujube, hawthorn cake, green branch grape, Baizigang durian, Bo Qiu pear, apple, lion orange, orange and bayberry. Mixed with delicacies, home confuses the market. Even if you are not close, you should offer three glasses of wine. If you forget your feelings, why not get drunk! " As the saying goes, "it's better to take a thousand than one." Four horses are noisy and happy all day, which can be said to be a very temporary victory. "
The New Year's Eve dinner is made of gold, silver and rice, with pine and cypress branches inserted on it, and decorated with money, dates, chestnuts, longan, fragrant branches and chopped five pieces before it can be taken out. (called "Chinese New Year's Rice") Take the larger branches of pine and cypress, put them in bottles and decorate them with ancient money, gold ingots and pomegranate flowers. It's a cash cow.
Wear it with colored ropes, weave it into the shape of a dragon and put it at the foot of the bed. It is called "lucky money". What elders give to children is also called "lucky money", and the "sticker" used by wealth managers to withdraw money is called "ticket". Every year, except for the rich, anyone who exchanges money with silver is written on the lottery ticket, which is for the "red ticket" Take the meaning of gorgeous and auspicious.
Anyone who sells flowers is called Tanghua. "At the feast, give each other gifts. Peony is gorgeous, kumquat yellow, fragrant, warm and fragrant, and it can be cured in one room in three spring, so people call it "hall flower"
Hanging a thousand is carved with auspicious words on red paper, accompanied by a long ruler and A Zhi, which is posted in front of the door, reflecting the symbol of peach. There are eight immortals hanging in front of the Buddha statue. Hanging thousands of households use more, and aristocratic families use less. Its yellow paper is three inches long and red paper is more than one inch long, which is a "small hanging thousand" and is used by shops.
Every new year's eve, put a long case in the atrium. Percentage is the sacred picture of heaven. Before "100%", it is called "full supply" to provide display honey for the first floor. Cao Tong's Eight Immortals, Pomegranate and Yuanbao are called "flowers for Buddha". When it's time to pick up the gods, they will burn incense at 100%, and then burn incense until the Lantern Festival. This is what people often call "the table of heaven and earth".
The first month of entering every household
On the first day of the first month, get up at five o'clock, burn incense and set off paper cannons. On this day, we visited each other, regardless of grades, and ran for several days, which was called "Happy New Year". Foods to eat, such as Pepsi-Cola boxes, are made of persimmons, lychees, longan, chestnuts and ripe dates.
On the first day of the lunar calendar, gods and ancestors are worshipped, and paper-cutting continues to reach the height of ancestors, which is called "zhangqian" and burning.
On the tenth day of the first month, I visited the door during the New Year, clamoring for posting, throwing a business card and leaving in a hurry. Most of them don't need to talk to their master.
From the first day of the first month to the fifth day of the first month, it is commonly known as "Breaking Five". According to the old custom, you should eat "dumplings" for five days, which is called "boiled cakes" in the north. Now some families only eat it for three or two days, and some eat it every other day. However, there is no one who does not eat. This is true from the royal residence to the small houses in the streets, even for entertaining guests.
The lights in the first month have always been concentrated in the "six lights" at the front door, which are called "six lights", among which the lights in the "Ministry of Industry" are the most praised. Ice lanterns, birds and animals, and all kinds of things in the world are made very skillfully.
The lantern market used to focus on the East and West archways, but later it moved to the gallery headlines.
From New Year's Day to 16 in Xinzheng, Liulichang is full of department stores, lights, glass screens, tents for thousands of people, jade toothpicks, contacts for thousands of people, books and treasures. There is also "Qin Lou Chu Guan is partial to songs, and BMW is a guest." It is also a scene of the Old Beijing New Year Festival.
2\ Customs of Spring Festival in various places-Guangdong
Spring Festival custom in Chaoshan area
New Year's Eve
The last day of the Lunar New Year is called New Year's Eve, and Chaoshan custom calls it "Chinese New Year".
Before New Year's Eve, people are busy preparing all kinds of new year's goods: buying chicken, duck and fish; Add new clothes; Newly purchased furniture and appliances; Buy New Year pictures, Spring Festival couplets, etc. I especially want to buy oranges, green olives and other fruits as auspicious symbols. Welcome friends and relatives. Before the Chinese New Year, men want a new haircut and women want to "pull their faces". Nowadays, most women have haircuts and beauty treatments.
Lunar calendar1February 24th is the day when "immortals" go to heaven to report their work. From that day on, every household was cleaning, packing things and bills, which was called "picking up".
One or two days before New Year's Eve, every household is making all kinds of new year's goods.
Families who go out on New Year's Eve have to rush home for reunion. On New Year's Eve, the whole family sat around the fire and had a reunion dinner. After dinner, adults give "lucky money" to children and their parents. At night, the farmer's water tank should be full of water, the rice tank should be full of rice, and the lights can't go out, which symbolizes the good omen of "more than one year old" and "more than one year old".
The custom of vigil on New Year's Eve is very common. Waiting for the arrival of the new year, the New Year bell rings and firecrackers sound in every household.
the Spring Festival; Chinese New Year
The first day of the first lunar month is called January Day, which is the head of the New Year and the beginning of spring. At the dawn of heaven, I heard guns. On the big table in the hall of every household, red plates are filled with good luck (oranges are bigger than oranges, so they are called good luck), green olives and various exquisite sweets. Decorated with lanterns in front of the door, the younger generation wishes the older generation tea. On this day, most families should be vegetarian, at least not eating meat for breakfast. After breakfast, adults and children go to relatives and friends' homes to pay New Year greetings with good luck, and the host and guest exchange blessings, congratulations on making a fortune and adding blessings. The host treats you with Daji, Betel nut (the ancient custom of honoring Betel nut is now changed to green olive) and * * * congou. The guest presents Daji and congratulates the host for good luck. The host wants to give it back with Daji, which is said to be a good wish to give it back.
On the morning of New Year's Day, many lion dance classes and English song teams beat gongs and drums to pay New Year greetings to every household in every village, and the host set off firecrackers to welcome them. There are also hand-cranked evergreen leaves (commonly known as cash cows) or books, and auspicious sentences such as "lucky money becomes treasure" posted on people's doors; Or those who play suona, knock on bamboo boards, sing songs, make four sentences and say auspicious words from door to door to pay New Year greetings are all asking for some money. On the second and third days of junior high school, rural towns organized many cultural activities to celebrate the Spring Festival. In addition to putting up a theater shed to perform Chaozhou Opera, Mountain Opera and Shadow Play, there are also gongs and drums, tigers and lions, English singers and dragon dancers marching in the villages along the street. There are also movies, ball games, calligraphy and painting exhibitions, lantern riddles and so on. During the day and night, people flock to visit and enjoy it, creating a lively and joyful atmosphere for the Spring Festival.
have a family reunion dinner
New Year's Eve is approaching after all the houses in every household are completely decorated. Therefore, housewives are busy preparing the most abundant and meaningful reunion dinner in a year. A family reunion dinner, as its name implies, is a family gathering for dinner during the Chinese New Year, and even the deceased ancestors will not forget it. Therefore, after a good reunion dinner, every household should first "worship their husbands" (worship their ancestors). When offering sacrifices to ancestors, the incense burner representing ancestors should be removed from the shrine, put on the altar, and then burn incense to pray and invite ancestors to dinner. Then the old and the young bowed down in turn, fully demonstrating the traditional virtues of the hipsters, being cautious to the end, pursuing the distance, and putting all virtues first. After the sacrifice, the food for ancestor worship was reheated, and a big table was set in the hall, and the whole family gathered around. This is a wonderful time for every family to get together. No matter how far apart the family is at ordinary times, or how many zits there are at ordinary times, we should talk and laugh at this time, and we should not say anything sad or make noise.
After dinner, housewives were busy clearing the table, so a cleaning activity began. This time, we don't have to care too much about cleaning, just for cleaning. Unlike the time at the end of the year, you have to brush pine grass. Then he lit a fire in the stove and began to prepare the offering to God tomorrow-vegetarian food. There are many kinds of vegetarian dishes, including taro, sweet potato, jujube, peanut, taro and sweet potato. All the ingredients of vegetarian dishes should be prepared and dried at noon. When frying vegetarian dishes, put the iron pot and inject a lot of peanut oil when the fire is good. When the oil boils, mix these materials with the slurry and put them into the pan, which will make squeaks and bubbles in the oil pan. Huang Chengcheng is especially attractive when cooking. At this time, if there are guests at home, the hostess will serve a plate of freshly fried vegetarian dishes, and then soak in mellow congou tea to let you taste delicious Chaoshan snacks.
Send lucky money
Giving lucky money is an important part of Chaoshan Spring Festival custom. The elders should give money to the younger generation, and those who can earn money should also send money to the elders. Money can't be sent directly to wait for a while, but it should be packed in a profit bag or a red paper bag. This is commonly known as "pressing the abdomen and waist", which means that from the beginning of the year to the end of the year, the pockets will be full of reality and wealth. What is particularly interesting is that when a child sleeps, his parents will put a large bill in his belly pocket and bring it back after waking up.
Happy new year, send big oranges.
New Year greetings, also known as "worship". In the early morning of the first day of junior high school, people get up and put on new clothes. The first thing they do is to pay homage to themselves. It is often the younger generation who wishes the elders first, and then the elders give their expectations to the younger generation. After breakfast, each of them pays a New Year call to relatives and friends. As the Chaoshan saying goes, "the first day and the second day have the meaning of New Year's greetings, and the third day and the fourth day have no intention of New Year's greetings." It is said that the sooner you pay a New Year call, the more you can see its sincerity. Therefore, some people go to pay New Year greetings to relatives and friends immediately after getting up, and then eat after coming back.
No matter how many gifts people bring, oranges (Chaozhou oranges) are indispensable. Big orange takes its homonym "Daji". It doesn't matter if you take more and less, but it can't be odd. People who pay New Year greetings enter the doors of relatives and friends, and they should look at different people and say different greetings. Say "Happy New Year" and "Longevity is better than Nanshan" to the old people, and they will grin. For those who have jobs, saying "smooth work" and "progress in the new year" will make the listeners very happy; If you are a business person, what you hear most is "making a big profit in the New Year" and "making a fortune and benefiting the market"; If children are studying, what they want most is to make progress in their studies and achieve excellent results in the new year. Send this greeting to them, and they will be very friendly to you. After being seated, the host will make famous Chaoshan congou tea to entertain the guests. Before leaving, the host will leave two oranges in the gift of the recipient, and then exchange his oranges in order to bring good luck to the other party. Humorous people often only put two oranges in their trouser pockets when they go out to pay New Year's greetings. After the New Year call, the two oranges are still in his trouser pocket. Therefore, good-hearted people call the New Year's greetings at the beginning of the year "orange-changing movement".
(of a person) return to one's place of origin or unit.
On the second and third day of the first month, the married daughters go back to their parents' homes to celebrate the New Year with their husbands and children. When a daughter returns to her mother's house, there must be a big bag of biscuits and sweets distributed by her mother to her neighbors, just like the scene of the New Year. If there are many daughters at home, and these daughters don't come back on the same day, then we must share one at a time. The gift is quite thin, just four biscuits. But it reflects the deep affection, the real "courtesy is light and affection is heavy", and expresses the girl's miss for the villagers. When the girl goes home, if there is a nephew at home, menstruation has to pay again. Although she gave lucky money on New Year's Day, this time it had a different meaning. This custom is called "eating midnight snack" by Chaoshan people. As the name implies, it's just lunch, and the daughter must get back to her husband's house before dinner.
Spring Festival Taboos in Chaoshan Area
Because the first month is the beginning of a year, Chaoshan people often regard it as a sign of good or bad luck in the New Year, so there are many "taboos" during the New Year. In terms of language, all unlucky words such as "broken", "bad", "nothing", "death", "light", "ghost", "killing", "illness", "pain" and "poverty" are taboo. It is also necessary to avoid crying of babies, because crying is "not winning the first prize", which indicates illness and disaster. Therefore, even if the child is in trouble on this day, don't fight or reprimand him, lest he cry endlessly. Behavior, end cup, end plate, end bowl, end plate should be extra careful not to break. When you accidentally break them, taking water is just a form. The custom of prohibiting sweeping the floor is gradually being eliminated, because firecrackers are set off during the Spring Festival, people come and go, and there are a lot of scraps of paper and garbage on the ground. It's really harmful not to clean. Therefore, starting from paying attention to hygiene, many young people are not very particular about these traditional taboo customs.
Creditors are not allowed to collect debts on this day, because it is considered unlucky for both borrowers and borrowers. Also avoid taking things from other people's pockets. People think that pulling out a pocket on the first day of the first month may lead to the danger of being "hollowed out" for one year.
Avoid dead people and funerals, because it will bring bad luck to the family. At the same time, don't have a haircut on this day, because people always associate a haircut with a funeral on this day. On this day, even killing is forbidden. Killing is considered to lead to disasters such as knife disaster, soldier disaster and blood disaster. However, now people's living standards have improved, and they have no scruples about eating fresh food for quick appetite.
In terms of diet, taking medicine is strictly prohibited on this day. Otherwise, I think it will lead to illness all the year round and take medicine constantly. There are several ways to avoid eating meat for breakfast on the first day of junior high school: one is to eat this meal quickly, and the effect is equal to one year; Another metaphor is frugality, not extravagance and waste.
Xijiang boathouse Spring Festival custom
On the surface of the "Little Three Gorges" in Zhaoqing section of Xijiang River in northwest Guangdong, there are still some "boatmen" who take boats as their home. Some of these fishermen have lived on boats for generations. Most of them cook on the boat and most of them burn firewood. Fishermen also like to grow sweet potatoes, rape, onions and garlic seedlings. Subsidize their lives in the open space on the river bank.
After the Spring Festival, fishermen hung red banners with auspicious wishes in their homes. They like to put "Bon voyage" on the bow, "All the best" and "Peace through the year" on the cabin, and "red money" with unique money paper-cut patterns. In addition, they will set off firecrackers at the bow, worship their ancestors first, and worship the gods on the shore to bless peace and happiness. Sacrifices mainly include yuba (Fulu), celery (diligence), green onions (cleverness), lettuce (wealth), oranges (auspiciousness), apples (peace), horseshoes, arrows (all bearing children) and so on.
Spring Festival in Zhanjiang
Like other parts of the country, the Spring Festival is the most grand and rich traditional festival among the people, but the Spring Festival in Zhanjiang also has local characteristics. Generally speaking, it takes about one month from the preparation to the end of the Spring Festival in rural areas, starting from the middle of December of the lunar calendar, including decorating houses, purchasing furniture, purchasing new clothes and purchasing various new year's goods. New year's goods include cane sugar, glutinous rice, New Year pictures, couplets, candy, biscuits and firecrackers. Most of the money earned in one year is used for the New Year.
On the 29th or 30th of 2008, the most lively scenes were killing pigs, catching fish in ponds, catching New Year's Eve, and sending out men, women and children together. In the evening, every household posts "Year Red", which includes both New Year pictures and traditional "door gods". Most of the couplets are related to wealth, while the families of military martyrs post couplets issued by the civil affairs department at the gate, while the kitchens, pigs and chicken stalls post "Eat Enough" and "Six Livestock Flourish". After the reunion dinner, it is lucky money. 12: 00, every household set off firecrackers to bid farewell to the old and welcome the new.
On the first day of New Year's Day, three taboos are popular in rural areas: no killing, no pouring water and no sweeping the floor. Some rural areas are still accustomed to fasting. On the second day of the Lunar New Year, I began to visit relatives and friends. You come, I'll leave. During this period, most villages and towns had lion dances, wandering souls, parades, dramas, martial arts performances and ball games, and various folk activities lasted for more than half a month.
3\ Spring Festival customs in different places-Shandong
Confucius Day
There are some differences between the Confucian New Year and the folk.
Laba Laba's activities are all around Laba porridge. There are many people cooking porridge, and the fire-burning households in the "households" come to light the fire on this day. Set up a big pot and cook porridge in many jars. There are two kinds of Laba porridge: one is thick, for the police to eat, and the porridge is enlarged with rice, sliced meat, cabbage, tofu and the like. When drinking porridge, one gives a catty of steamed bread; The other is skinny, which is made of Coicis Semen, longan, lotus seeds, lilies, chestnuts, red dates, red cowpeas, glutinous rice, etc. And the porridge noodles are filled with "porridge fruit" carved with hawthorn. This kind of porridge is for the inner room, for the family and for the world. There are many fragrant houses outside Confucius House, all of which send nuns to ask for porridge and "rice in a bowl" on Laba Day.
Near the 30th anniversary, the most lively scene of Confucius' busy year activity "Steaming Village" appeared, that is, steaming all kinds of steamed bread, jiaozi and cakes for the New Year. At this time, the "fire-burning households" came to light the fire and steam all kinds of steamed buns.
Package jiaozi on New Year's Eve. Lights are lit everywhere in the room, sandalwood powder is burned, carpets are laid, and colored sheds and ribbons are pulled in the yard. In the afternoon, go to the hall to salute, and after dinner, go to the ancestral temple to resign. Adults give their children "lucky money", which is packed in a red paper bag with the words "long life" and placed on their pillows. Everyone prepares a cloisonne lunch box, which contains rice noodles, little persimmon, oranges and other things.
On New Year's Eve, the Duke of Feast will personally go to Anhuai Hall to confess and worship the old fairy with white beard. It is said that all the elves and ghosts in Confucius' house belong to this white-bearded old fairy.
After midnight, all the people got up to worship God. Set up a mat in the courtyard of the front building. In all directions, east, west, south, north, northeast, southwest and northwest, there is a table on each side, and there is a tablet of God in the middle table. Next to the "Tiandi Building", a "sky pole" was erected and a "sky lantern" was lit, which lasted for half a month day and night.
Wake up on New Year's Day morning, don't talk first, touch the things in the box and the lucky money with your hands. After getting up, worship the temple, worship the ancestral temple, and accept the servant's New Year greetings. My family came to Confucius' house to pay a New Year call. In the afternoon, the lion dance performance of the local "Dragon Lantern Festival" was held in Confucius House, and the servants of Confucius House and "fireworks households" set off fireworks to celebrate the New Year.
ningyang county
Eating wonton on New Year's Day in Ningyang County is called "filling the warehouse". In Huangxian County and Penglai area, it is wasteful to get up early on New Year's Day. The hostess holds a red candle to light up every corner of the room, which means to drive away the darkness with light, and then paste all kinds of window grilles made of flour on the windowsill. After getting up, the child has to climb the door and play three swings. It is said that they grow very fast. In some areas, cooking jiaozi with sesame stems means that the New Year rises like sesame blossoms, and steamed bread should be put in the pot after meals, which means there are "leftover heads". In the first year, the new wife in Jiaodong will go to her husband's grandparents' house to pay a New Year call, which is called "Zagen". It is said that when you get to your grandparents' house, you can take root, and there will be no divorce and early widowhood. In the old days, there was a custom of "sending the poor on the fifth day". Firecrackers should be set off on that day to show "driving the five poor". Qufu held the "Wenqu Star Club" on the fifth day. On the evening of the fifth day, the students will go to the teacher's house to burn incense and worship Confucius. Then the teacher will write an article, and after writing it, the teacher will burn it, which is called "Wenqu Star Club".
Laoshan Mountain
During the Spring Festival, the villages and towns in Laoshan Village are full of excitement, such as yangko, dry boat, dragon lantern and stilt walking. Lantern Festival is a traditional festival in China. In the fishing village along the coast of Laoshan Mountain, firecrackers exploded, and fishermen, led by boatmen, sent lights to their fishing boats to wish them a bumper harvest in the new year.
From Tomb-Sweeping Day to Grain Rain in the lunar calendar, it is the time for Laoshan fishermen to sacrifice to the sea. When offering sacrifices to the sea, fishermen set up offerings such as pigs, chickens, fish, steamed bread and candy on the beach, lit incense sticks and firecrackers, and held a traditional ceremony of offering sacrifices to the sea. On the day of offering sacrifices to the sea, simple and generous fishermen warmly entertained relatives and friends who came to watch the sacrifices to the sea with good wine and good dishes, and everyone drank heartily together.
4\ Customs of Spring Festival in different places-Hong Kong
Lunar New Year is a traditional grand festival in China, which I believe is unknown to all people in China. However, celebrating the Lunar New Year in Hong Kong is completely different from the traditional ones in terms of customs and atmosphere.
In recent years, few Hong Kong people put up Spring Festival couplets and New Year pictures at home during the Lunar New Year. On the contrary, they posted "Prosperous Business" and "Safe Access" in some shops or homes. Even so, the original intention of posting Spring Festival couplets and New Year pictures is the same as that of posting Spring Festival couplets and New Year pictures. I hope everything will be smooth and safe in the coming year.
In addition, lion dances and dragon lanterns will also appear in some villages and villages in the New Territories. It is difficult to see large-scale lion dances and dragon lanterns on the streets of urban areas in the New Year. As for setting off firecrackers and firecrackers, it is forbidden in Hong Kong. However, since 1982, a grand fireworks display has been held in Victoria Harbour every year on the second night of the Lunar New Year, which has been a program to welcome the Spring Festival for more than ten years.
Hong Kong is known as a "gourmet paradise". There are many customs about eating during the Spring Festival, and most families will have a "reunion dinner" during the Spring Festival, usually at home, and the whole family will get together for dinner on New Year's Eve. I believe that the first choice for after-dinner programs is to visit the flower market. During the Lunar New Year, there are many flower markets in Hong Kong and Kowloon, among which the flower market in Victoria Park is the largest and most lively. Hong Kong people are used to visiting the flower market after dinner. On New Year's Eve, people are crowded and everyone will spend the holidays together.
The happiest thing about spending the Lunar New Year in Hong Kong is to "benefit" the children. Laughter can be heard everywhere during the Spring Festival. "Li" was originally a kind of "good thing", based on good luck, and also became an indispensable custom with relatives during the Spring Festival.
5\ Customs of Spring Festival in different places-Shanghai
On the first day of the Spring Festival, I went out to beg for food for my parents. There is also a beggar, commonly known as a beggar. The way they beg is interesting. Some beggars wrap vegetable heads in red paper and hang them on bamboo poles. Every time they come to a house, they say that the vegetable head has arrived, the business is good, and they ask for charity. This is called "delivering vegetable heads". Some cows are made of paper and bamboo silk. In order to give alms, they say good words and auspicious words in front of each house. This is called "sending spring cattle"; Some people hold branches of holly or cypress and hang some small bells on the branches to show that their families will be like cash cows in the new year. This is called a "cash cow"; Some corporate beggars, wearing Buddhist shirts, statues and masks, disguised as the God of Wealth, rushed into the houses of various households to show that the God of Wealth had come. This is the so-called "jumping God of Wealth". Chongming people lived in poverty in the old society, but when they met these beggars, they were still charitable and gave some food such as dry food. After liberation, these ways of doing business have long since disappeared.
In the early morning of the second day of the Lunar New Year, all shops and craftsmen have to burn incense and worship God. This is the so-called "burning profit festival". At noon 10, the shopkeeper also held wine to entertain the clerk, praying for a prosperous business in the new year. According to legend, the fifth day of the New Year is the birthday of the God of Wealth. All the shops in the street are open for business. On this day, every household eats wonton at noon to show wealth. In addition, there are wooden plays (now known as puppet shows) in China. From the first day to the fifth day, every family visits relatives and friends, wishes each other a happy New Year and presents each other. During the period, the incense in the temple was far more vigorous than usual. Especially on the morning of New Year's Day, there are many people who go to temples to burn incense and worship Buddha, and they are very early. In order to catch the first incense, Shouan Temple outside the city and Guangfu Temple in Zhongxing Town are the most lively places.
On the fifteenth night of the first lunar month; Lantern Festival; night of the 15th of the first lunar month；Lantern Festival；yuanxiao
The fifteenth day of the first lunar month is the Lantern Festival, also known as Shangyuan Festival, commonly known as the first half of the first month. People take the fifth to twentieth day of the first month as the Lantern Festival. In the old society, before the Lantern Festival, every household used glutinous rice flour to make cakes of various shapes. Some looked like ancient silk balls and silver, while others looked like chickens, ducklings, carp, cotton peaches, corn, peaches and rice piles. At noon in the first half of the first month, every family eats wonton; In the afternoon, people also take these foods as sacrifices, go to graves to worship their ancestors, and offer sacrifices to the fields. In the evening, people carry lanterns of different shapes in groups of three and five, then throw fireballs and cross the third bridge to have fun. The custom of playing lanterns at 1: 30 in the first month is very popular. Lanterns are shaped like rabbit lights, carp lights and pentagonal lights. And the places where lanterns are hung also have local characteristics. For example, many red lights are arranged in glyphs or various figures, candles are lit inside lanterns, and bamboo poles are hung high. This is called "running a red light". Put a bamboo pole between things in the country and hang a red lantern. At night, the candle is lit, and suddenly it seems like dawn. It looks good to look up. In addition, there are many activities in the Lantern Festival evening, such as horse racing, lion-tuning, soil-throwing rich man, inviting three queens into the pit and Yuan Jie girls.
As the saying goes, "eat two big heads, everyone has his own interests." After the 16th day of the first month, the people who celebrated returned to all walks of life. At this point, the Spring Festival activities are over. After liberation, the Lantern Festival tends to be simplified, but the custom of children eating wonton, making silk balls and playing with lanterns still exists and has been given new significance, especially in the streets of county towns. Hanging lanterns and setting off fireworks at night attract many men, women and children, and some of them leave home to watch lanterns in the streets. Strange fireworks, colorful, set off the night sky of the Lantern Festival, symbolizing the growing prosperity of the motherland.
For more than a thousand years, our ancestors have thrived in this beautiful land, and gradually formed various customs with strong local characteristics in their long-term production activities and daily life. These customs and habits condensed the ancestors' pursuit and yearning for a better life, and showed their good qualities of simplicity and hard work. Of course, there are some backward and ignorant contents on the other side of traditional customs. With the development of production and social progress, people's traditional customs have also changed from barbarism to civilization and from ignorance to science. With the development of civilization and the progress of science, some old customs contained in this paper have been abandoned, and some customs have been injected with new contents and inherited and carried forward. At the turn of the century, we should devote ourselves to building a new socialist fashion, strengthen the construction of socialist spiritual civilization and ensure the smooth progress of socialist modernization. When celebrating traditional festivals, don't forget that it is our conscious behavior to change customs and make due efforts for the construction of socialist spiritual civilization.