Pepper is an annual or limited perennial plant; 40-80 cm tall. Stems subglabrous or puberulent, branches slightly zigzag. Leaves alternate, the top nodes of branches do not elongate to form twins or clumps, oblong-ovoid, ovoid or ovoid-lanceolate, 4- 13cm long, 0-0/.5-4 cm wide, entire, with short conical or acute tip and narrow wedge-shaped base; Petiole is 4-7 cm long. Flowers solitary, drooping; Calyx cup-shaped, inconspicuously 5-toothed; Corolla white, lobes ovate; The anthers are grayish purple. The fruit stalk is thick and drooping; The fruit has long fingers, the tips of which gradually become sharp and often bend. It is green when it is immature, and turns red, orange or purple when it is mature, which is spicy. There are two kinds of pepper flowers, one is white, the other is purple, and the two kinds of flowers have four to six petals. Moreover, the peppers produced by the two flowers are different: the peppers produced by purple flowers are purple, and the peppers produced by white flowers are ordinary red peppers. Seeds flat kidney-shaped, 3-5 mm long, pale yellow. The flowering and fruiting period is May-165438+1October.
The early growth stage of pepper is the germination stage, which is usually unearthed about 5-8 days after germination and sowing. The first true leaf appears about 15 days until the bud is the seedling stage. The flowering period is from the first ear to the door pepper. The fruiting period is from fruit setting to seedling drawing. The suitable temperature of pepper is between 15-34 degrees. The suitable temperature for seed germination is 25-30℃, and it takes 5-7 days to germinate. When the temperature is lower than 65438 05℃ or higher than 35℃, the seeds will not germinate.
The seedling stage requires high temperature, 25-30 degrees during the day, and 15- 18 degrees at night is the best. Seedlings are not tolerant of low temperature, so pay attention to cold protection. If the pepper is 35 degrees, it will drop flowers and fruits.
Pepper has strict requirements on conditional moisture, and it is neither drought-tolerant nor waterlogging-tolerant. I like dry air conditioning.