1

Diuretic antihypertensive agents: hydrochlorothiazide, cyclopentylmethothiazide, chlorothiazide, tachycardia and so on.

2

Central nervous and sympathetic inhibitors: reserpine, hypotension, colistin hydrochloride.

3

Adrenergic receptor group blockers: β-blockers such as cardiac glycosides, amiloride, and medoxomil; α-blockers such as phenylbenzylamine, and α + β-blockers such as lumefantrine.

4

Enzyme inhibitors such as angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors such as captopril and enalapril.

5

Calcium antagonists such as nifedipine and amlodipine.

6

Vasodilators such as hydralazine, perphenazine, prazosin, quetiapine.

7

Ganglionic and postganglionic sympathetic inhibitors such as quetiapine, pentamidine tartrate.

8

5-hydroxytryptamine receptor antagonists such as ketanserin.

9

Compound preparations such as compound antihypertensive tablets, compound rosmarinic tablets, andandamide tablets.

The principles for the selection of antihypertensive drugs are: ① Application of antihypertensive drugs for the treatment of essential hypertension requires long-term medication. Therefore, it is appropriate to choose the antihypertensive effect of mild, slow, long-lasting, few side effects, the patient is easy to grasp and easy to use oral antihypertensive drugs (such as hydrochlorothiazide, lisinopril, compound antihypertensive tablets, etc.) as the basic antihypertensive drugs, and then according to the different stages of the disease selection of other antihypertensive drugs. ② Use of antihypertensive drugs generally start with a small dose, gradually increase the dose, to achieve the purpose of lowering blood pressure, can be changed to the maintenance amount to consolidate the efficacy of the smallest possible amount of maintenance to reduce side effects. ③When using antihypertensive drugs that can cause obvious upright hypotension, it is advisable to explain to the patient that when getting up from sitting or lying down, the movement should be as slow as possible, especially when getting up to urinate at night, so as to avoid the sudden decrease of blood pressure causing fainting and accidents. ④ Slowly advancing type of patients in the first stage, the symptoms are not obvious, general treatment (including sedatives) can be effective, can not apply antihypertensive drugs, if necessary, with a small number of mild effect of antihypertensive drugs, such as diuretics, rosmarinic acid, or compound antihypertensive tablets can be. Patients in the second stage need to be treated with two or more antihypertensive drugs, such as rifampicin, hydralazine and diuretics or a combination of enzyme inhibitors, postganglionic sympathetic inhibitors, ganglionic blockers or adrenergic receptor blockers. Patients in the third stage need to be treated with drugs with strong antihypertensive effects such as postganglionic sympathetic inhibitors and ganglionic blockers, such as colistin hydrochloride and long-pressure determination. ⑤ Clinically, several antihypertensive drugs are often used in combination, the advantages are: the synergistic effect of drugs can improve the efficacy; several drugs **** the same role, can reduce the single dose of each drug; reduce the side effects of each drug, or make some of the side effects offset each other; make the decline in blood pressure is more stable. The most commonly used combination is diuretics and other antihypertensive drugs, diuretics can enhance the efficacy of a variety of antihypertensive drugs, but also to reduce the side effects of swelling; reserpine and hydralazine, β-blockers and minoxidil when used in combination, the respective slowing down and speeding up of the heart rate of the side effects of each cancel each other out. (6) Treatment measures for acute-onset hypertension are similar to those for slow-onset stage III. If the blood pressure does not fall, hibernation therapy can be considered; if renal failure occurs, antihypertensive drugs to choose methyldopa, hydralazine, minoxidil, colestipol, the drop in blood pressure should not be too significant, so as to avoid the reduction of renal blood flow aggravate renal failure. (7) For patients whose blood pressure has increased significantly for many years, it is not advisable to make the blood pressure drop too fast, too much, the patient is often unable to adapt to a lower or normal level of blood pressure and feel uncomfortable, and there is a result of insufficient blood supply to the brain, heart, kidney and cause cerebrovascular accidents, coronary artery thrombosis, renal insufficiency and other possibilities. When a hypertensive crisis or hypertensive encephalopathy occurs, emergency antihypertensive measures should be used.