The production and cultivation base of Zizania latifolia should choose plots with good ecological environment. It is best to stay away from cities and roads to avoid being polluted by harmful substances. The limit value of pollutants in planting areas should be controlled within the relevant national standards. You can choose some depressions, paddy fields, ditches and ponds without pollution sources. The soil should be cohesive soil with high fertility and rich organic matter, with a pH value of 5.5-7.0 and no pollution. There should be enough water in the production area to facilitate irrigation and drainage.
Second, variety selection
The varieties of Zizania latifolia are divided into one-ripe Zizania latifolia and two-ripe Zizania latifolia. One-cooked Zizania latifolia can be called single-season Zizania latifolia, which is planted in spring. It can be harvested once a year and can be harvested continuously for about 4 years. Double-cooked water bamboo is also called double-season water bamboo. Generally cultivated in summer. ? The first harvest is carried out in September-65438+1October, and the second harvest is carried out in May-June of the following year. The varieties of double-season Zizania latifolia and Zizania latifolia.
When selecting varieties, we should fully understand the market demand and try to choose some varieties of water bamboo that can be harvested even in the off-season when there are few vegetable varieties in the market. If it is a long-distance introduction, we should first plant it in a small area as much as possible. Generally, large-scale planting will reasonably match one-ripe water chestnut and two-ripe water chestnut, and the early, middle and late-ripe varieties will be staggered to avoid the harvest peak.
Third, land preparation and planting.
The cultivation land of Zizania latifolia should be deeply cultivated. If continuous cropping is carried out, it is necessary to concentrate on excavating and destroying the piers and abutments with accumulated water. The cultivated land should be applied with decomposed high-quality manure, phosphate fertilizer, potassium chloride and ammonium bicarbonate. When fertilizing, fully rake the fertilizer mud to keep the shallow water in the field. After fertilization, the land is ploughed and leveled to make the soil in the field fertile enough.
Fourth, seedling planting.
After choosing Zizania latifolia in autumn, remove the dead leaves of Zizania latifolia in winter, then dig them out and put them in the ground to water them. Manure should be applied in the middle of March of the following year. The seedling raising of Zizania latifolia is carried out around the middle of April every year. When the germination height of the mother pier is 20cm, the seedlings can be raised in different piers. Each female water bamboo can be divided into 8- 10 small piers, and the small piers are inserted into the soil for about 2cm to prevent floating. If the seedlings are imported from other places, they should be properly watered and shaded during transportation. If the seedlings are too high, the tips of the leaves should be cut off when planting. Generally, the plant height is kept at about 30cm, the row spacing is about 66cm×70cm, and the planting time is in the evening or rainy days.