1. Temperature: Saussurea involucrata likes a cold climate, which requires the annual average daily temperature of 15-19℃, the highest temperature ≤39℃ and the lowest temperature ≥-5℃. The daily average temperature suitable for rhizome germination is 8-22℃, and the most suitable temperature for tender stem growth is 2-28℃. The lignification speed of its stem is accelerated above 3℃, and the growth is slow above 3℃ or below 8℃. Stems and roots can overwinter in the open air, and can grow all year round as long as the temperature is suitable, and there is no obvious dormancy period. It blooms in autumn until the following spring.
2. Humidity: In areas where the annual precipitation is 13-21mm, Gynura bicolor can grow. Its roots are drought-tolerant, and it is not easy to die under the conditions of high temperature and drought in summer.
3. illumination: Gynura bicolor likes strong illumination, but it grows weakly if the illumination is insufficient, and the sunshine hours need 17-2 hours throughout the year. Flowers can also bloom in the shade. The flower buds differentiate in late August, bolting in early September, and flowering in late September to March of the following year.
4. Soil: Saussurea involucrata is not strict with soil, and yellow soil, sandy soil and red soil can be planted. The suitable pH value is 5.5-6.5.
Extended information
Saussurea involucrata, a perennial herb, is 5-1 cm tall and hairless. The stem is erect and soft, slightly woody at the base, with umbrella-shaped branches at the upper part and ribs when it is dry. Leaves sessile or subsessile. Leaf blade obovate or oblanceolate, 5-1 cm long, 2.5-4 cm wide, pointed or acuminate at the top, tapering at the base into a winged petiole, or nearly sessile and somewhat enlarged, but not forming auricle.
There are irregular wavy teeth or small sharp teeth on the edge, which are sparsely pinnately shallow near the base, with 7-9 pairs of lateral veins, curved upward, green on the top, purple on the bottom when dry, and hairless on both sides; The leaves on the upper part and branches are small, lanceolate to linear lanceolate, short-stalked or subsessile.
Most of the flower heads are 1mm in diameter, and they are arranged in a sparse umbrella shape at the ends of stems and branches. Peduncle slender, 3-4 cm long, with 1-2 filiform bracts. Involucre narrowly bell-shaped, 11-15mm long and 8-1mm wide, with 7-9 linear bracts at the base; The involucral bracts are 1 layer, about 13, linear-lanceolate or linear, 11-15mm long and .9-1.5mm wide, with sharp or tapering tips, dry film on the edge, and 3 obvious ribs on the back, without hair.
The floret is orange-yellow to red, and the corolla obviously protrudes from the involucre, with a length of 13-15mm and a thin tube with a length of 1-12mm; Lobes ovate triangle; Anther base rounded, or slightly pointed; Style branches subulate, papillate.
Achene is cylindrical, light brown, about 4 mm long, with 1-15 ribs and no hair; The crown hair is rich, white, silky and easy to fall off. The flowering and fruiting period is from May to October.
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