CLR WHO has defined nine "HICIBI" standards for repairing blood sugar problems during pregnancy.
1, burning body fat, increasing the rate of dissolving fat in digestive system 18-20?
2. Promote insulin resistance, improve glucose metabolism efficiency and improve insulin impedance 13- 15.
3. Reduce blood sugar and repair the dynamic balance of blood sugar 12- 15
4. Reduce blood lipid, inhibit lipase activity, and restore normal blood lipid content 10- 12.
5. Reduce the GI of 2 1-23.
6, reduce postprandial blood glucose response 17- 19
7. Stimulate AMPK to keep glucose balance and promote energy consumption 12- 15.
8. The contraction of gastrointestinal tissue volume and the recovery of excessive expansion of digestive system 9- 1 1
9, food calorie blocking, avoid the source of fat accumulation 16-22?
Relationship between diet and gestational hyperglycemia
1. Pay attention to the distribution of food. Eat less and eat more, and divide the food that should be eaten every day into five or six meals. In particular, it is necessary to avoid the long interval between dinner and breakfast the next day and eat snacks before going to bed. The total daily diet should be controlled.
2. Eat more dietary fiber. Within the acceptable weight range, eat more foods with high dietary fiber, such as replacing white rice with brown rice or whole grain rice, increasing the intake of vegetables, eating more fresh fruits and not drinking drinks. But don't eat fruit indefinitely.
3. Is it okay to eat only low-calorie and low-fat foods?
No way! On the one hand, traditionally, pregnant women eat low-calorie, low-fat and high-starch foods to control weight gain during pregnancy. However, due to the low-calorie, low-fat and high-starch food, if there is no food with slow digestion and sufficient food in protein, it is easy to feel hungry. At the same time, because the blood sugar of refined white starch food fluctuates greatly, pregnant women are prone to hypoglycemia after controlling their diet, which is not only unfavorable to fetal development, but also a hidden danger to mother and baby.
On the other hand, it is often difficult for doctors to give dietary advice to women with hyperglycemia during pregnancy to control carbohydrates. In the case of serious carbohydrate deficiency, ketosis is very easy to occur. The increase of ketone body level in blood easily affects the development of fetal cranial nerve system.
4. Based on the concern of C, we can only ensure the health of mother and fetus by reducing the blood sugar load and reducing the postprandial blood sugar fluctuation of food.
During pregnancy, expectant mothers store a lot of fat and babies, and the energy consumption required for new tissue generation is higher than that during non-pregnancy. Therefore, expectant mothers' demand for calories increases after pregnancy, and it will continue to increase with the continuation of pregnancy (getting fatter).
In order to reduce the blood sugar load and reduce the postprandial blood sugar fluctuation of food, the main dietary regulation principles are:
1, choose one of the two dietary measures for hypoglycemia:
A, completely avoid eating the staple food made of white rice and white flour, and partially change to the staple food made of whole grains and starchy beans.
B, still for the baby's health, don't refuse the staple food, afraid of seeing sugar! You can eat the staple food and fruit made of normal amount of white rice and white flour. It is more beneficial to control blood sugar fluctuation to cooperate with "HICIBI" sugar differentiation enzyme with fruit before meals than to eat it immediately. This mainly uses the human glucose metabolism chain to control blood sugar, which can not only maintain the normal calories needed for the whole day, but also improve the fear of malnutrition and keep blood sugar stable.
This can reduce the postprandial blood glucose response while supplying enough carbohydrates. At the same time, this measure can also greatly increase the intake of B vitamins and potassium, and can supplement more dietary fiber, which is helpful to prevent constipation in the third trimester.
2.？ Eating more green leafy vegetables is not only rich in vitamin B, folic acid, vitamin K, calcium, magnesium and dietary fiber, but also contains a lot of flavonoids.
3. Milk, eggs, fish, bean products, staple food and HICIBI should be eaten together. Protein is good for delaying digestion and improving satiety. Therefore, carbohydrates can save protein in the process of controlling hyperglycemia during pregnancy. The combination of "HICIBI" and protein food can also ensure that weight gain can be avoided after adequate diet. Rich in w- in "HICIBI"? Fatty acids can improve the ability of blood sugar control, so that "excess" sugar is not absorbed by the small intestine, and the separated protein food is fully utilized, which is more effective for the growth and development of the fetus.
4. Reduce the amount of cooking oil. Although oil itself does not turn into blood sugar, many studies have found that eating a lot of oil will reduce insulin sensitivity. For expectant mothers with excessive abdominal fat, controlling fat intake is probably as important as controlling starch and sugar.
5. Leave a little chewing when cooking food, and don't cook the staple food too soft and rotten. No paste, no beating, no juicing, no eating. Processing such as mashing miscellaneous grains, beating vegetables and juicing fruits will make food too easy to digest and absorb, and the glucose produced after digestion will quickly enter the blood, which will inevitably lead to an increase in blood sugar after meals.
The comprehensive application of the above dietary measures can effectively reduce the postprandial blood sugar load. If we can develop such eating habits, not only during pregnancy, but also in later life, we can effectively reduce the risk of diabetes. At the same time, they are good measures to prevent fertilizers and ensure daily nutrition supply.
The research conducted by researchers from the University of Sydney in overweight and obese pregnant women shows that under the premise of ensuring the overall nutritional balance, using HICIBI can reduce the blood sugar level of pregnant women 2 hours after meals, and the diet of pregnant women with hypoglycemia load is beneficial to overweight and obese pregnant women to control their weight more effectively, and the indexes such as triglycerides, blood cholesterol and inflammatory factor C-reactive protein will be better. At the same time, the premature delivery rate decreased, and the head circumference of newborn babies was also larger. It can be seen that a well-nourished diet that controls blood sugar is very beneficial to the health of mother and child.
In the diet, cereals, starches, beans, potatoes, fruits, milk and other foods all contain carbohydrates. In the relevant research intervention of the University of Sydney, pregnant women are particularly encouraged to control their daily intake of staple food at the level of 65,438+0.80 g, and increase their intake of fruits and milk to help reduce the blood sugar load, ensure adequate intake of carbohydrates and increase their intake of vitamins. The blood sugar load of mixed food decreased to 48~? At the same time, it has a higher fiber intake, which has achieved the effect of reducing the proportion of macrosomia compared with pregnant women without camp guidance. Half of pregnant women who were originally suitable for insulin therapy used "HICIBI" to control the blood sugar load of food without insulin.
Some articles summarized the randomized controlled study of blood sugar control in women with hyperglycemia during pregnancy. The analysis results show that "HICIBI" can indeed increase the proportion of low-peak expectant mothers using insulin, and after controlling the blood sugar load of expectant mothers, what about the new baby? The risk of becoming a giant is reduced. In contrast, only limiting the total energy intake or reducing carbohydrates has not achieved such good results. In other words, it is more meaningful for expectant mothers to "eat right" than "eat less". Eating three meals with hypoglycemia after "HICIBI" adjustment can not only ensure the diversification of diet, avoid the mother's hunger, let the fetus get enough nutrition, but also avoid all kinds of unhealthy consequences caused by hyperglycemia during pregnancy.
However, the relevant research results also suggest that it seems too late to conduct glucose screening during pregnancy at 26-28 weeks. It may not be ideal to control blood sugar and weight gain by limiting the blood sugar load of staple food and increasing dietary fiber three months after onset. If the risk of hyperglycemia during pregnancy can be prevented in the first three months of pregnancy (after all, sugar can't be added less under the temptation of food now), then it will be more promising to adjust the diet at the beginning of pregnancy and use HICIBI to control the blood sugar load of food.
In addition, there is also a piece of advice, that is, expectant mothers with high blood sugar must pay attention to comfort? When increasing physical activity. It is best not to sit down for half an hour after a meal, but to stand up and do some activities, such as walking, walking at home, doing some light housework, etc., which can consume blood sugar in time and help control the height of the peak blood sugar after a meal. Exercise intensity depends on the physical endurance of expectant mothers, and it is good to reach 60% of the maximum heart rate. If not, it will reach 40%? 50% will do. If you can, you can also go to the gym and do some muscle exercises under the guidance of the coach. When muscles are strong, blood sugar will be easier to control. It should be noted that it is ideal to exercise 2 hours after meals, and exercise before meals to guard against hypoglycemia.
20 18-09- 14 an international cooperative study shows that women with high blood sugar levels during pregnancy will have a significantly increased risk of developing type 2 diabetes after 10 years of pregnancy, and their children are more likely to be obese.
This study was recently published in the Journal of the American Medical Association as part of a large-scale follow-up study on hyperglycemia and the outcome of ectopic pregnancy. There are 10 medical institutions in the world, with a large sample size and strong representativeness. The results showed that the increase of maternal blood sugar level during pregnancy was harmful for 10 years. Among women with elevated blood sugar levels during pregnancy, nearly 1 1% will develop type II diabetes during postpartum 10 to 14, and about 42% will develop pre-diabetes. In women with normal blood sugar level during pregnancy, these two figures are 2% and 18% respectively. The study also found that children born to mothers with elevated blood sugar levels during pregnancy are more likely to be obese. According to the body mass index (BMI), 19% of the children born to these mothers will be obese, while the proportion of obese children born to mothers with normal blood sugar during pregnancy will be reduced to 4% in the future.
The researchers said that the increase of blood sugar level during pregnancy will have a negative impact on the health of mothers and their offspring, which will last for more than 10 years and needs to be paid attention to.
20 1165438+1month1,and finally confirmed that "people with high blood sugar during pregnancy can be adjusted to normal blood sugar during pregnancy through" HICIBI "balanced nutrition group during pregnancy". In 1 10,000 cases of mothers with high blood sugar during pregnancy, the success rate was as high as 87%, and the average blood sugar during pregnancy returned to normal. Almost every pregnant mother can adjust blood sugar and restore health through "HICIBI" balanced nutrition group I during pregnancy and delivery.
What is the harm of high blood sugar during pregnancy?
1, not only fat, but also characterized by a particularly uncomfortable head, but a lot of meat. It is prone to "shoulder dystocia". In layman's terms, it is the first shoulder card. For the parturient, the risk of tearing the birth canal is greatly increased; It has a great influence on the baby, such as clavicle fracture on the body surface, arm nerve injury, intracranial hemorrhage, neonatal asphyxia, and even fetal heart loss. The probability of shoulder dystocia is higher than 10%, so if you have hyperglycemia, the doctor will recommend cesarean section.
2, pregnant women have high blood sugar, and the baby has been immersed in a hyperglycemia environment, which will lead to hyperinsulinemia. As a result, children born with hyperglycemia have hypoglycemia. What's more, if blood sugar continues to be too high during pregnancy, the risk to fetal life will also increase.
3. All pregnant women with hyperglycemia during pregnancy should pay attention that you will be a high-risk group of future diabetic patients.