1, barley
Annual, stout, smooth and hairless, erect, 50- 100 cm high. Leaf sheaths loosely attached to stems, mostly glabrous or pilose at base; There are two lanceolate auricles on both sides; Ligule membranous, 65438 0-2 mm long; Leaf blade is 9-20cm long and 7-20mm wide and flat. Spikes are 3-8 cm long (except awn) and about 65438 0.5 cm in diameter, with dense spikelets and 3 developed spikelets bearing on each node.
2. Wheat
The fruit is powdery white, and the peel is small and yellowish brown. Main features: The starch granules are mainly oblate, oval or triangular, with a diameter of 30 ~ 40μ m, double-lenticular and shell-shaped in side view, with a width of 1 1 ~ 19μ m, with slightly sharp or blunt ends, cracks in the navel, and few composite granules, consisting of 2 ~ 4 or more granules.
3. rye
Leaf sheaths are usually glabrous or covered with white powder; The ligule is about 1.5 mm in length, with finely divided teeth at the top; The blade is10-20cm long and 5 5- 10/0mm wide, with smooth underside and rough upper edge.
4. Oats
Spikelets contain 1-2 florets; Spikelet axis is nearly hairless or sparsely short hair, which is not easy to break; The back of the first lemma is hairless, the basal disc has only a few short hairs or nearly hairless awns, or only the back has 1 straight awns, and the second lemma is hairless and usually awnless.
Second, the growth environment is different.
1, barley
It is cultivated in the north and south of China.
2. Wheat
North China: Beijing, Tianjin, Hebei, Henan and Shanxi.
East China: Shandong, Jiangsu, northern and central Anhui.
Central China: Jiangxi and Hubei.
Northwest China: Shaanxi, Gansu, Qinghai, Ningxia and Xinjiang.
3. rye
Northern Europe and North Africa are the main producing areas of rye, such as Germany, Poland, Russia, Turkey, Egypt and other countries have considerable planting areas. In China, rye is scattered in cold or arid areas such as Yunnan, Guizhou, Inner Mongolia, Gansu and Xinjiang.
4. Oats
Mainly distributed in temperate regions of the northern hemisphere. Oat-growing provinces are mainly Inner Mongolia, Hebei, Mongolia and Shanxi, followed by Gansu, Ningxia, Shaanxi, Qinghai and Sichuan, Yunnan and Guizhou mountainous areas.
Third, the value is different.
1, barley
Used in food processing, feed processing, malt processing and beer production.
2. Wheat
Wheat is rich in starch, protein, fat, minerals, calcium, iron, thiamine, riboflavin, nicotinic acid and vitamin A, etc. Due to different varieties and environmental conditions, the nutritional components vary greatly. Can be made into pasta.
3. rye
The grass is tender and palatable, and it is the favorite forage for cattle, sheep, rabbits, pigs, geese and fish, and the feed intake rate is 100%.
4. Oats
In ancient China, oats were not only a kind of food with hunger and cold tolerance, but also a kind of medicine. Ancient books in China recorded that oats can be used for breastfeeding and treating malnutrition in infants and the elderly. Chinese medicine believes that oats are sweet and flat, and can cure sweating. Oat is a well-known food and medicine crop.
Baidu encyclopedia-barley
Baidu encyclopedia-wheat
Baidu encyclopedia-rye
Baidu encyclopedia-oats