Gryllotalpa belongs to Orthoptera, Gryllotalpidae, commonly known as Lara Gryllotalpa and Eupolyphaga. Chinese mainland produces two kinds of crickets: African crickets. De Beauvois, distributed all over the country, has 3~4 movable spines at the posterior inner edge of tibiofibular joint; Gryllotalpa unispina Sauss distributed in the east of China has or does not have movable spines on the back inner edge of tibiofibular joint of hind foot.
Gryllotalpa has the functions of diuresis, detumescence and detoxification. Oral administration of 5g ~ 10g can relieve edema, induce diuresis and treat traumatic injury. Can be used for treating abscess and sore toxin. Its medicinal part is dried product. Larger nymphs can also be used as medicine. When collecting insects or trapping them by light, they should be scalded to death with boiling water as soon as possible, dried or dried for later use, but mildew and moth-eaten should be prevented. There are also records of burying live insects in lime and baking them for later use. African crickets are found in Jiangxi, Sichuan, Jiangsu, southwestern Shaanxi, Shandong and other places, and the L generation occurs in 1 year; Northern Shaanxi, Shanxi, Liaoning and other places occur every two years 1 generation; North China mole cricket has 1 generation for about 3 years. Both species overwinter underground as adults or nymphs, and their depth is below the local permafrost and above the groundwater level. In the spring of the following year, it gradually moved up with the increase of ground temperature, and entered the topsoil activity in the first half of April. From mid-May to mid-June, the temperature is moderate, and the crops are at the seedling stage, which is the peak of the damage of the mole. From late June to late August, the weather was hot and it began to move underground. This period is the peak spawning period of North China Gryllotalpa, while African Gryllotalpa is nearing the end of spawning. After the first ten days of September, the weather was cool, and a large number of nymphs and newly emerged adults rose to the ground for harm, forming the second damage peak. 1After the middle of October, with the cold weather, crickets went into the soil for the winter. After two years of growth and development, in August of the third year, the North China mole cricket emerged as an adult and began to lay eggs the following year.
In 1 day, the activity of the crickets lies in the daytime and comes out at night, and it is most active at 9 ~ 1 1 at night, especially at the night of high temperature, high humidity and sultry wind, and a large number of unearthed activities are carried out. When the climate is cool in early spring and late autumn, most of them move in the surface soil, not on the ground. I often hide in deep soil during the day. Gryllotalps all have phototaxis, and have strong phototaxis to fragrance, distiller's grains and horse manure. Gryllotalps like to move in low humidity river banks and vegetable gardens, but it is not easy to happen in high dry areas.