It is said that drilling well water is avoided in Beiping Dragon Boat Festival, and it is often pre-pumped before the festival, in order to avoid well poisoning. On Dragon Boat Festival, street vendors also sell cherry mulberries. It is said that they eat cherry mulberries on the Dragon Boat Festival and don't eat flies by mistake all year round. "Five Poison Cakes", which are cakes decorated with five poisonous insect patterns, are sold in various food stores. Luanxian county lets men and women in-laws give gifts to each other on the Dragon Boat Festival. On the Dragon Boat Festival in Zhao County, the local government will hold a banquet in the south of the city, inviting the literati in the city to feast and compose poems, which is called "stepping on the willow".
[Shandong Province]
On the Dragon Boat Festival in zouping county, everyone needs a drink every morning, which is said to ward off evil spirits. Rizhao Dragon Boat Festival wraps seven colors of thread around children, and it will take them until the first rain after the festival before they are untied and thrown into the rain. On the Dragon Boat Festival in Linqing County, boys under seven wear symbols (necklaces made of wheat barnyard grass), girls wear pomegranate flowers, and they also wear yellow shoes made by their mothers, and draw five kinds of poisonous insects on the vamps with a brush. It means killing five kinds of poisonous insects with Qu Yuan's ink. On the morning of Dragon Boat Festival, Jimo washes his face with dew.
[Shanxi Province]
On the Dragon Boat Festival in Xiezhou, men and women wear mugwort leaves, which is called "expelling diseases", while young children tie a hundred ropes around their necks. It is said that this is "tying dragons for Qu Yuan". During the Dragon Boat Festival in the Western Zhou Dynasty, villages would offer sacrifices to the Dragon King and hang paper in the fields. The Dragon Boat Festival in Huairen County is also called "Zhumen". The Dragon Boat Festival in Dingxiang County requires students to give gifts to their teachers. Lu 'an Mansion uses steamed dumplings made of wheat flour, called "white dumplings", and presents them to each other together with zongzi.
Shanxi(Province)
On the Dragon Boat Festival in Xing 'an League, local officials lead their subordinates to watch the game, which is called "stepping on a stone". At the Dragon Boat Festival in Xingping County, a small corn is sewn with silk, and a small doll is sewn below it, which is called "playing with dolls". The Dragon Boat Festival in Tongguan County is called "town disease", and there are Pu Ai and paper cows sticking to the door.
Gansu province
Picking roses on Dragon Boat Festival in Jingning area is mainly based on honey pickling. Zhenyuan county presented a fragrant fan, a Luo Qi, a towel handkerchief and a Ai Hu to the newlyweds during the Dragon Boat Festival. Children also invite their fathers and brothers to entertain their teachers, which is called "enjoying the festival". On the Dragon Boat Festival in Zhang Xi 'an County, the shepherd boy worships the mountain gods. Accumulated salary mountain, chicken calls before burning, commonly known as "burning mountain"
Jiangsu Province
During the Dragon Boat Festival in Jiading County, people, rich or poor, have to buy stone fish (commonly known as mandarin fish) to cook. There is also a saying in Yizheng County, "When pants, buy yellow croaker". On the Dragon Boat Festival in Nanjing, families use a box of clear water, plus a little realgar and goose eye money. The whole family washes their eyes with this kind of water, which is called "breaking the eyes of fire". It is said that it can protect them from eye diseases for a year. There is a dragon boat show in Wujin at night. In the evening, small lanterns are hung around the dragon boat, and flutes and drums sing harmoniously.
Sichuan Province
Shizhu has the custom of "going out during the Dragon Boat Festival". Four people use two bamboo poles to lift the wide table covered with red carpet. A Taoist priest riding a tiger weaves bamboo sticks on the carpet. Beating gongs and drums, marching in the street. In ancient times, there was a custom of "typing" on the Dragon Boat Festival in western Sichuan. On that day, Chengdu people bought plums and threw them in the southeast corner of the city, attracting tens of thousands of spectators. In the 21st year of Guangxu (1895), this custom stopped because of the sudden conflict between Touli and foreign missionaries. Leshan, Xinjin and other places also hold grand commodity fairs during the Dragon Boat Festival.
[Xijiang province]
Students from rural schools in Tonglu County gave their teachers a gift on the Dragon Boat Festival, which was called "Remembrance". The doctor collects medicine at noon, and it is said that the doctor is in heaven that day.
[Jiangxi Province]
Jianchang Prefecture takes a bath with herbal water at noon to prevent scabies, and Xinchang County drinks realgar cinnabar wine, which is called "opening eyes".
Hubei province
In Bahe Town, Huanggang County, people welcome Nuo people on the Dragon Boat Festival and use tattoos of corollas and golden bells to drive away the epidemic. Dragon boat race in Yichang county, especially on May 13, 14 and 15. May 15, also known as "Daduanyang", people eat zongzi and drink Pu wine, just like the Dragon Boat Festival.
[Hunan Province]
On the Dragon Boat Festival in Youxian County, rich pregnant women eat with flowers, poor people prepare chicken wine, and collect money with bamboo clips in front of the dragon boat faucet to pray for safe production. The government of Yuezhou regards this game as a disaster and a disease. Also known as "sending plague", when the grass boat comes to flood.
[Fujian Province]
Fuzhou Dragon Boat Festival is an old custom, so the daughter-in-law gives shroud, shoes and socks, zongzi and fans to her in-laws. In Jianyang County, 5th is the King Day of Sun-drying capsules, and people make sauces on this day. During the Dragon Boat Festival in Shanghang County, the boat was tied with reeds and a dragon-shaped play was performed at the water's edge, which was called dragon boat race. After the Dragon Boat Race in Xianyou County, paper was presented at Huxiao Beach to commemorate Qi Jiguang's drowning here during Jiajing period. Before Shao Wufu's Dragon Boat Festival, women used crimson yarn as a bag. Five-color velvet is the winning surface, and the colored thread is tied. The girl hung upside down on her back and was called "Dou Niang".
[Guangdong Province]
After washing hands and eyes with boiling water at noon on the Dragon Boat Festival in Conghua County, it is called "sending disaster". During the Dragon Boat Festival in Xinxing County, people advocate welcoming and guiding idols' travel from neighboring temples. Wizards also use Dharma water and stickers to drive away evil spirits. During the Dragon Boat Festival in Shicheng County, children fly kites, which is called "disaster relief".
(Taiwan Province Province)
Taiwan Province Province is located in the subtropical zone. In the early days, many immigrants from the mainland could not adapt to the climate here, and people who died of plague were heard from time to time. Therefore, the Dragon Boat Festival, a festival with the basic spirit of expelling diseases and avoiding epidemics, is particularly important.
The custom of the Dragon Boat Festival in the pre-Qin period can be represented by the description in Appendix III of Wang Yingzeng's Rebuilding the Records of Fengshan County (1764): On the morning of May 5, a pile of rice stalks was burned, smoked in the corner, and sent to the roadside to send mosquitoes with money the next day. Hanging April on the lintel and planting weeds means you can avoid mosquitoes. A branch of the banyan tree is old and healthy. Use watermelon and corn with each other. In the shallow part of Haikou, busybodies compete for money or cloth like three-skinned fish. The winner sings gongs and cheers, and fights dragon boats for three days. In the afternoon, I tied five strands to my child. The man tied his left wrist and the woman tied his right wrist, which was called Sun Shen Company.
There is also a folk saying that mugwort and figs can strengthen the body. As the saying goes, "Buron is brave, and Ai is braver and healthier." As usual, students in private schools give their husbands red envelopes as a thank you at the Dragon Boat Festival, and husbands use fans as a return gift.
According to Kiichiro Suzuki's "Crown Wedding Funeral in Taiwan Province in the Middle of the Year" (1934), during the funeral period, families don't pack zongzi on the Dragon Boat Festival, and they are presented by relatives and friends, which is called "farewell ceremony". When you lose your family, you take candy as a gift. The farmer put the gold paper named "Fujin" on the bamboo pole and inserted it in the room. It is said that it can prevent harm and get a bumper harvest. Some places have the custom of making "salty tea" on the Dragon Boat Festival, that is, salting perilla leaves and pomegranate leaves with salt. It is said that it can be used as medicinal tea to remove all toxic gases.
In Jiadong Town, Pingtung County during the Japanese occupation, there was also the custom of fighting with stones during the Dragon Boat Festival. Stone war has been circulating in Jiadong area for hundreds of years. A few days before the Dragon Boat Festival every year, people are ready to fight a tough battle. The stone war is organized as a village, like an army, and has the positions of chief of staff. Organizations are like the army, with positions like chief of staff. Men are throwing stones at the front line to fight. The woman is responsible for transporting stones in the rear. When tearing is fierce, it often causes casualties. The winner can go to the defeated village to eat and drink. The defeated villagers escaped. If you are unfortunately captured by the other side, you will be forced to take off your pants and be humiliated in public. It is said that this peculiar custom can guarantee good luck for a whole year, so Jiadong people like it very much. However, because stone wars often caused serious casualties, local governments repeatedly banned them and gradually declined at the end of Japanese rule.
On the Dragon Boat Festival, every household also has the custom of playing "noon water". Noon water refers to the water that is drilled at noon on the Dragon Boat Festival. It is said that the water used to make tea and wine at noon is particularly mellow, and drinking raw water even has a miraculous effect on treating diseases. There is a proverb: "Wash your eyes at noon, and you will be as bright as a bird." He also said, "It is better to take a sip of water at noon and take tonic for three years." The most legendary noon water comes from the sword well on the anvil mountain in Dajia Town. According to legend, this well is the place where Zheng Chenggong inserted his sword to pray for spring. From then on, it is said that Bai Zhenshan is rich in all kinds of Dan medicine, so the effect of water in the sword well at noon is legendary. Every Dragon Boat Festival, people who grab water at noon next to Jianjing are always crowded and stuffy. It is said that when you look at this well at noon on the Dragon Boat Festival, you can also see the shadow of Zheng Chenggong. And those who see the sword shadow will not have a disaster this year.
Dragon boat rowing is called "Dragon Boat" in Taiwan Province Province. According to "Folk Customs of Taiwan Province Province", Volume I, No.6, the custom of the Dragon Boat Festival in Shilin during the Japanese occupation period is as follows: From the beginning of May, first go to the water's edge to "meet the water gods". At noon on the fifth day, gongs and drums were beaten and dragon boats were rowed to the river, and residents burned incense to worship. As the saying goes, "May 5th. Dragon boats are full of streets. " Welcome, it's called "Solitaire". To surpass the dragon, we must also hold a ceremony of "thanking the river" on the tenth day of the tenth lunar month.
The head office in Nantun, Taichung, had the custom of awakening pangolins by wearing wood since the middle of Qing Dynasty. After the recovery, this custom has been observed every year on the Dragon Boat Festival. Litoudian was the most prosperous area in Taichung in Qing Dynasty. It is said that this is because the local area is located in Qijiajiao. Therefore, local residents put on clogs every year, stamp their feet on the ground and wake pangolins with a loud noise. At present, this custom has been transformed into the form of fun competitions. Four people form a team and put on two clogs made of long wood skin to compete. Kaka's clogs really awakened the nostalgia of the residents in Lidian.
In terms of holiday food customs, it is said in Taiwan Province Province that eating peaches, eggplant and kidney beans during the Dragon Boat Festival can lead to a long and healthy life. As the saying goes: "Eating eggplant will make you tremble, but eating beans will make you old." There are two ways to make jiaozi on the table: North and South. In northern China, rice is soaked in water, drained, fried in oil, and seasoned with spiced powder, pepper and soy sauce. Steam the rice, then wrap it in bamboo leaves to make it taste bad again. Some people should also fry rice in oil until it is half cooked, wrap it with real stuffing, and then steam it. The southern practice is to soak in pure white glutinous rice, add meat stuffing, wrap it in green bamboo leaves and cook it until it is cooked thoroughly. Due to the different production methods, jiaozi in the north and south has different flavors. Zongzi in the north has a strong flavor of spiced pepper, while meat zongzi in the south has a touch of bamboo leaves and spring, each with its own characteristics. Ingredients include pork, mushrooms, dried shrimps, peanuts, salted egg yolk, red onion, chestnuts, dried oysters and so on. , add with personal preference.
Hakka people in Miaoli area also eat eggplant, long beans and peaches and plums during the Dragon Boat Festival. But the meaning of these foods is different from that of southerners. Eating plums symbolizes the reproduction of future generations. Some people think it can prevent heatstroke. Eating long beans can avoid being bitten by snakes (because long beans are shaped like snakes). Eating eggplant can prevent mosquito bites (eggplant is called "hanging vegetables" in Hakka dialect, but it is called "biting people", and the local sound is "ㄉㄠ", which is homophonic).
Hakka dumplings are also divided into alkaline dumplings and salty dumplings. Alkali zongzi is especially used for sacrifice. Hakka people should prepare four kinds of sacrifices for the Dragon Boat Festival, one for the earth god, one for the Wanshan master and one for the nearby temple. And alkaline zongzi is an essential sacrifice. Salted zongzi can be divided into zongzi and glutinous rice zongzi, which are purely used to satisfy appetite.
Respondent: jsgymoon- doorman level 3 6- 19 15: 19.
Hanging a clock and making a statue: Zhong Kui catches ghosts, which is the custom of Dragon Boat Festival. In the Jianghuai area, bells and statues are hung in every household to ward off evil spirits.
Dragon Boat Race: At that time, Chu people were reluctant to part with the death of Saint Qu Yuan, so many people rowed boats to save them. This is the origin of dragon boat race, and then rowed dragon boats every May 5 to commemorate it. Rowing a dragon boat to disperse the fish in the river so as not to eat Qu Yuan's body. The habit of competition prevailed in wuyue and Chu.
You Zhou Tournament began in Taiwan Province Province in the 29th year of Qing Qianlong, when Jiang, then the magistrate of Taiwan Province Province, held a friendly match in Hexi Half Moon Pool in Tainan City. At present, boat races are held in Taiwan Province Province on May 5th every year, and there are boat races in Hong Kong. Recently, the British have followed our example and organized ghost teams to hold competitions.
According to Wen Yiduo, a famous patriotic scholar in modern times, the Dragon Boat Festival was originally a totem festival held by Wuyue people, and the dragon boat race was a semi-religious ceremony. Semi-entertaining programs. "
Four or five thousand years ago, people living in water tribes in primitive totem society were threatened by snakes, insects, diseases and floods. In order to resist these natural disasters, they worship the imaginary powerful dragon as their ancestor and protector (totem), and build the boat into the shape of a dragon and draw a dragon pattern, and hold a competition every year on the Dragon Boat Festival. In order to show respect for the dragon, he also said that he is a descendant of the dragon, a descendant of the dragon.
Eating zongzi: On May 5th, people in Jingchu cooked glutinous rice or steamed zongzi cakes and threw them into the river as sacrifices to Qu Yuan, so they threw the glutinous rice in bamboo tubes for fear of being eaten by fish. Later, they gradually replaced the bamboo tube with rice wrapped in zongzi leaves.
Drink realgar wine: Realgar is a mineral containing arsenic trioxide, which is mixed with wine for drinking. That is to say, the realgar wine with repellent and detoxification is applied to the child's head and forehead. Ears, nose, hands, feet and heart. Sprinkle the wall and ask, attack the law with poison. The story of "Legend of the White Snake" circulated among the people is to cure the snake's poison with realgar wine, and now the true colors of the white snake are revealed. This kind of learning is very popular among people in the Yangtze River valley.
Wandering all diseases: it is a popular custom of Dragon Boat Festival in Guizhou. Men, women and children go out to play and wear new clothes. At noon 1 o, the roads, mountains and trees are crowded with people, holding flowers and plants, and they are happy. Go home at night to cook flowers and take a bath. Old people call it "a tour of all diseases" and "a wash of all diseases". People who don't go out for a walk and don't wash all their illnesses will not be lucky all year round.
Wearing sachets: Children wear sachets during the Dragon Boat Festival, which not only means to ward off evil spirits and drive away epidemics, but also has decorative styles on the front. Cinnabar is hidden in a sachet. Realgar. Aromatherapy medicine, wrapped in silk, is full of fragrance, and then tied into a rope with five-color silk strings to make a series of different shapes, all kinds of exquisite and dazzling.
Responder: zhxr 63- fiend 16 level 6- 19 15:2 1
Before the legend of Qu Yuan was widely circulated, the custom of Dragon Boat Festival still followed the taboo of evil days, with health care and avoiding epidemic as the main principles.
Folium Artemisiae Argyi and Acorus calamus:
In ancient times, there was a custom of hanging mugwort and calamus in front of the door. Both the perennial herb Artemisia argyi and the perennial aquatic herb Acorus calamus can be used as traditional Chinese medicine. Folium Artemisiae Argyi can be used as moxibustion strip, which is an indispensable article in acupuncture therapy of traditional Chinese medicine. Igniting moxa sticks can treat many diseases. Both Artemisia argyi and Acorus calamus contain aromatic oil, which can be used as insecticides to kill insects. During the Dragon Boat Festival, near the summer solstice, the weather becomes hot. Diseases have increased. In ancient times, people lacked scientific concepts and mistakenly thought that diseases were caused by ghosts and evil spirits. Therefore, Artemisia argyi and Acorus calamus were tied in human form and hung in front of the door in the early days of the festival to eliminate ghosts and evil souls and keep healthy. In fact, it is the fragrance of these two grasses that really purify the environment, repel insects and eliminate plague. In the south of China, there is a custom of drinking calamus wine on Dragon Boat Festival, so its medicinal effect is more direct.
In the Northern and Southern Dynasties, the Dragon Boat Festival was also called "Bathing Orchid Festival", and it was a custom to pick Ai before the cock crowed. The most humanoid wormwood is picked out and taken back to hang on the door, or used for acupuncture. It is said that this kind of wormwood has special curative effect in acupuncture. People usually tie wormwood into the shape of a tiger, or cut it into the shape of a tiger, and then stick wormwood leaves on it to wear during the Dragon Boat Festival. In addition to picking wormwood,
Write a spell:
In ancient China, Una was regarded as the "evil moon", so the Dragon Boat Festival exorcism was very popular among the people. There are many ways to exorcise ghosts, one of which is to insert peach branches on the first night of May before the festival. At that time, people thought that peach trees could ward off evil spirits, so they folded some peach branches and inserted them in front of doors and windows before sunset to achieve the effect of exorcism. Another important method is to hang spells indoors to ward off evil spirits. At that time, there were some strict ceremonies to hang exorcism symbols. If the Dragon Boat Festival requires someone to write at sunrise or noon, the writing material must be raw Zhu, and saltpeter must be put in the inkstone and among the writing people. The more popular mantra is: "On the fifth day of May, all the red mouth and white tongue will disappear". In addition, there is a similar custom of exorcism, that is, putting realgar wine on the child's forehead. Early in the festival, children will be reminded of it. Then write the word "Wang" on your forehead with realgar wine. It is said that this can make all ghosts afraid and save their lives. Now people's living standards have improved, and the superstitious custom of exorcising ghosts and evil spirits has gradually decreased, but it has not disappeared in remote rural areas.
Hanging purse-string colored silk thread:
Ying Shao's "Customs Pass" records: "On May 5, Sun tied his arm with colorful silks, named" Long life, one life extension, one order for soldiers, one order for five colors, and one order for Zhu Suo ",so that soldiers and ghosts would not get sick." .
In ancient China, five colors were worshipped, which were auspicious colors. Therefore, in the early morning of the festival, the first important thing for adults after getting up is to tie five-color lines on their wrists, ankles and necks. Children are forbidden to talk when the thread is tied. The five-color line should not be broken or discarded at will, and can only be thrown into the river when it rains heavily in summer or takes a shower for the first time. It is said that children wearing five-color thread can avoid the harm of snakes and scorpions. Throwing it into the river is to let the river wash away plagues and diseases and make children safe and healthy.
Volume 8 of Meng Yuan's "Chinese Dream" in Tokyo records that the Dragon Boat Festival is full of things, with hundreds of ropes, mugwort flowers, silver-like drums, beautifully painted flowers and fans, small fragrant sugar, dumplings and white balls. Perilla frutescens, Acorus calamus and Chaenomeles are all chopped, mixed with fragrant herbs and wrapped in plum red boxes. Peaches, willows and sunflowers are sold every day from May/KLOC-0 to the day before the Dragon Boat Festival.
The next day, every family set up at the door, supported by five-color water polo, tea and wine, nailed Ai people to the door, and the scholars handed them a banquet.
Chen Shiliang's Chronicle of Years Old and Miscellanies of Years Old mentioned a kind of "when the five ends are red and white, wear them with colored thread, twist them into a flower shape, or tie or nail them on the door to make their lipstick white, which is also called choking money", and a kind of "mussel powder bell": "When the five ends are filled with mussel powder, embroider them with cotton.
Drink realgar wine:
There is a folk custom of eating "Huang Wu" on the Dragon Boat Festival in southern China. "Huang Wu" refers to eel, yellow croaker, cucumber, salted egg yolk and realgar wine. Legend has it that in The Legend of the White Snake, the White Snake drinks realgar wine, showing its original shape. Therefore, people think that poisonous insects such as snakes, scorpions and centipedes can be cracked with realgar wine, and drinking realgar wine during the Dragon Boat Festival can exorcise evil spirits and detoxify her body.
Dragon boat race:
By the river, there will be a dragon boat race on the Dragon Boat Festival. Zhang Dai's "Dream of Taoan" has five notes of "Golden Mountain Race": there are ten and twenty dragon boats in Guazhou, depicting the dragon tail to win its anger; Twenty people sitting next to them are holding a big jar and holding it; Use a colorful awning in the middle and an embroidered umbrella in front and back to take its brilliance; Beat drums to get their knots; After the battle, the army will be equipped with a weapon to bear its share. On the faucet, one person stands upright with his feet on it, taking risks; It's desperate to take risks. From the first to the fifteenth of May, it appears everywhere. On the fifth day, Jinshan and Zhenjiang also came out. Dragons fight and occasionally fall into the whirlpool, which is victorious. People in Jinshan are clustered across the river, and there is a bee nest, ready to move. At night, it will open in all directions and both sides will paddle.
Yang Sichang's "Ethnography of Wuling" recorded in detail the ethnic customs in the hometown of Ming Dynasty. It is said that the local dragon boat race is to eliminate disasters, so all kinds of sacrifices should be held before the dragon boat race, and employment is also needed. The wizard came to pray for victory. After rowing the dragon boat, residents will scoop water from the dragon boat and add herbs to bathe, which is also to eliminate disasters.
There are two kinds of dragon boats in the West Lake. The first floor is divided into upper and lower floors. There are children dressed as historical and immortal figures upstairs. There are trumpeters, gongs and drums, and two sailors rowing beside them. This kind of dragon boat is more showy. The dragon boat used for competition surrounds the big dragon boat. When something falls on the dragon boat, the sailors on the dragon boat will fight for it. Among them, money and ducks are the most difficult to grab, because coins sink when they enter the water.
The Dragon Boat Festival is also called Duanyang Festival, Zhongwu Festival, Zhongtian Festival and May Festival. The Dragon Boat Festival was originally a noon festival, and sometimes it was highlighted that its time was arranged at noon, so it was also called the Heavy Noon Festival: the noon month refers to the noon month in bucket handle, that is, the fifth month of the lunar calendar; Noon is the first noon in December of the lunar calendar. According to Huangshi's textual research, from the pre-Qin Dynasty to the Han Dynasty, the date of the Dragon Boat Festival changed every year, and the day of dry support was set at the early afternoon of May, hence the name Dragon Boat Festival, that is, the early afternoon of May. After the Wei and Jin Dynasties, because it was inconvenient to remember festivals represented by branches and branches, there was a tendency to replace them with digital dates, so the last day was set on March 3, and the Dragon Boat Festival was set on May 5. The "Five" rose around this time, replacing the ancient "noon". Later, the Dragon Boat Festival was fixed on the fifth day of May. Dragon Boat Festival is sometimes called Yulan Festival, Pujie Festival and Daughter's Day. Because there was a custom of bathing with Japanese orchid soup in ancient times, it was called. May is also called Puyue, and Dragon Boat Festival is also called Pujie. This is because in May, Acorus calamus is ripe, and there is a custom of hanging cattails at the door or soaking Acorus calamus in medicated wine for drinking during the Dragon Boat Festival. Daughter's Day: Volume 17 of Miscellaneous Notes on Ming and Shen Dynasties says, "Daughter's Day in May is the Dragon Boat Festival, and five poisonous spells are worn. From May 1st to May 5th, Su Wan played a little girl. She was very beautiful. Married women also go back to their hometown because it is called Daughter's Day. "
The center of the custom of Dragon Boat Festival is to eliminate poison and disasters, preserve health and seek happiness, but entertainment and socialization have become very prominent in recent days, and there are also dragon boat races where the water system allows.
Acorus calamus, Acorus calamus and Artemisia argyi have long been regarded as having the dual values of witchcraft and medicine, thus resulting in a series of customs. Artemisia argyi has always been a pain in the heart of Ai people, Ai and Ai. Ai Ren was first seen in Liang Zonggu's Chronicle of Jingchu. The master of ceremonies said, "On May 5th, four people fought against a hundred herbs at the same time. Ai Ai thought he was a man and hung it on the door to poison him. " It refers to Zhang Ling, a Taoist mage, who is the founder of Wudou Midao. It is said that he is good at catching ghosts and subduing demons.
According to Wu's Dream, Ai, the heavenly teacher of the Dragon Boat Festival in Hangzhou, the capital of the Southern Song Dynasty, said: "Ai and I will inevitably form a heavenly teacher, hanging on the threshold or hanging on the Bai Ze in Hutou." In Song Dynasty, Chen's Painting of the Year of the Year quoted miscellaneous notes: In the Dragon Boat Festival in Song Dynasty, Kyoto people not only sold portraits, but also made a clay sculpture with Ai as a beard and garlic as a fist, and put it on the door, which was called "Shi Tianai".
Besides, Ai Hu is more famous. Some Ai Hu are made of wormwood and mugwort leaves, while others are cut out of cloth and silk and then pasted with mugwort leaves. Chen Yuanliang quoted Chronological Miscellanies as saying: "At the Dragon Boat Festival, wormwood looks like a tiger, even as big as a black bean, or cut the ribbon to be a tiger and put it on with wormwood leaves." That's what the ancient poem says,' Jade swallows its head and loves its tiger lightly'. "
As an aversion to victory, Ai products are usually used together with Pu products, especially Ai Hu and Pu Jian. In Song Dynasty, Chen's "Guang Ji at the Age of Years" quoted "Miscellaneous Notes at the Age of Years", saying, "Carve a Pu Jian at the Dragon Boat Festival to be a villain or a gourd to ward off evil spirits."
In ancient customs, the leaves of Pu are like swords, indicating that they can ward off evil spirits. Artemisia argyi can also exorcise evil spirits. Dozza is shaped like a tiger, or the silk cut with ribbons is shaped like a tiger with mugwort leaves stuck on it. This is Ai Hu. Fu Cha Dunchong's Chronicle of Yanjing in Qing Dynasty said: "On the fifth day of the festival, calamus and dwarfs were inserted by the door, which was ominous and was the legacy of Ai Hu and Park Jian."
Hanging a variety of Dragon Boat Festival ropes During the Dragon Boat Festival, colorful or colorful threads, wisps and ropes are used as holiday supplies to ward off evil spirits, which can be called Dragon Boat Festival ropes.
Dragon Boat Festival has many nicknames. Judging from the color of the material, it is called Zhu Suo, five-color silk, colorful wisp, five-color wisp, colorful ribbon and so on. From the point of view of transferring troops, it is called transferring troops; From the perspective of prolonging life, it is called Shousuo, Shousuo, Shousuo, Shousuo, Shousuo, Shousuo, Baisuo and Centennial Suo.
No matter what the name is, the shape and function of the Dragon Boat Festival rope are basically the same, either tied to the child's arm, or hung on the bed curtain, cradle and so on. , or dedicated to the elders, to eliminate disasters, protect health and prolong life.
Taoist exorcism fu puts his own fu under the name of Zhang Tianshi, which is called stone talent. In the old days, Taoist temples used cinnabar pens to draw symbols on yellow paper to feed or sell, and folk Dragon Boat Festival was pasted on the lintel to ward off evil spirits. There is a Beijing dialect in the Symbol of Shi Tian in the Year of Yanjing: "Every time in Duanyang, the store uses ruler yellow paper, covers it with Athena Chu, or draws the image of Zhong Kui, or draws the shape of a five-poison spell, and sells it. People from all walks of life rushed to buy it and posted it in the middle door to show evil. " 1929 There are two kinds of Guangzhou midday symbol maps recorded in the survey, one is Shi Tian's portrait, the other is Taiji Bagua, with the same characters: in the middle, "Make the book break at noon on May 5th, and don't get rid of everything", and on both sides, "Aiqi welcomes all blessings" and "Pujian kills all evils".
Eating zongzi "Taiping Yu Lan" Volume 31 introduces the local customs of Jin Zhou: "Midsummer Dragon Boat Festival. The end is the beginning. Five days and solstice are the same as summer. Sacrifice for a day first, then wrap the rice with sticky leaves and cook it with millet and jujube ash juice to make it ripe and festive. Cook the fat turtle, cook it very well, remove the bones and add salt to the black bean autumn Polygonum, which is called glutinous rice, glutinous rice and glutinous rice. Cover up the image of yin and yang (inseparable). The turtle is in the meat, the yang is inside, and the yin is outside, so it is also praised. " According to Chen's Story of the Year, there were several kinds of zongzi at that time: "Dragon Boat Festival zongzi has many famous products and different shapes. There are horn dumplings, awl dumplings, bamboo dumplings, bucket dumplings, weighing dumplings and nine dumplings. "
There are several legends about the origin and shape of zongzi, the most popular of which is the legend of Qu Yuan. In the Southern Dynasties, Wu Jun's "The Story of Qihe Continuation" recorded earlier: "Qu Yuan died in Miluo on May 5, and the Chu people mourned it. He sacrifices rice with bamboo tubes every day "; "In the year of Jianwu in the Han Dynasty, Changsha Ou called himself a doctor and said,' Seeing that the sacrifice is very good, it is often stolen by the bitter dragon, so you can tie it with colorful silk. Dragons are afraid of two things. "The legend of zongzi in later generations is mostly related to this.
Drinking medicinal liquor is a traditional medicinal liquor for Dragon Boat Festival, mainly Pu wine and realgar wine. Pu wine is also called calamus wine and Changhua wine. In ancient times, people often made and drank at the Dragon Boat Festival, and the common cloud could avoid the plague. Zong Yi's Chronicle of Jingchu's Age reads: "On the Dragon Boat Festival, those who build mountains with calamus run an inch and nine knots, or carve or waste them, and drink extensively to drive away the epidemic." In the Tang Dynasty, there was a poem saying, "Although it is not possible, it is only good to pray for Pu's wine." Although the name of Pu wine has never been lost, realgar wine is the most popular in modern times. Drinking realgar wine is not only a well-known white snake story, but also a custom that everyone follows. In the Qing Dynasty, Pan Rongbi wrote in "Ji Sheng Duan Yang at the age of Emperor Jingdi": "Fine cut Pugen before noon, with realgar, exposed and soaked in wine. After drinking, apply it to the child's cheeks and ears and shake the wine bed to avoid poisonous insects. " Apply realgar wine to the child's cheeks, commonly known as "painting the forehead." Usually, the word "Wang" is painted on children's foreheads with realgar, and the second is to use tigers (the word "Wang" is like a tiger's forehead) to suppress evil spirits.
Dragon boat race is the climax of Dragon Boat Festival, which will make the whole place crazy. The custom of racial crossing is found in the south (wuyue, Jingchu). At the end of the Eastern Han Dynasty, Ying Shao's "Pass" said: "On May 5, Qu Yuan died in Miluo, and people were injured, so the boat saved him. Today's game is his legacy. "
Dragon boat racing, like eating zongzi, was regarded as an activity to commemorate Qu Yuan in ancient times. Wu Jun in the Southern Dynasty recorded in Qi Xu Zhong Harmony: "Qu Yuan, the doctor of Chu, died in Miluo that day, and the Chu people mourned it, but the boat saved him. Running in Duanyang is a legacy. "
Wen Yiduo's research conclusion is that these two customs are transformed from dragon totem worship: "In ancient wuyue, people used dragons as totems, and in order to show their status as' dragon sons' and consolidate their protected rights, they had the custom of tattooing. Once a year, just today, they will hold a grand totem festival. They will put all kinds of food in bamboo tubes or wrapped in leaves, throw them into the water, give them to totem gods and eat them themselves. After that, I rowed a canoe with a dragon shape, accompanied by drums (maybe there was no gong at that time), and played a water race with myself. ..... This is the meaning of the oldest Dragon Boat Festival. "
The custom of the Dragon Boat Festival was gradually formed in the Han and Tang Dynasties, and its basic form did not exist in a longer time. Some of its contents may be related to dragon worship, but his specific description is only subjective speculation. The festival custom of Dragon Boat Festival absorbs the elements of ancient culture, but the basic form is entirely the cultural creation in Han and Tang Dynasties.
Communication between in-laws All modern festivals have certain social functions besides their own purposes, and the prominent social function of the Dragon Boat Festival is the communication between in-laws, and even many places call this festival "Daughter's Day". "When Emperor Jingdi is old, Ji Sheng Duan Yang" says: "My little girl is very beautiful, and when she marries a daughter, she also goes back to her hometown, which is called Daughter's Day."
In the recent in-laws communication during the Dragon Boat Festival, firstly, the engaged man must give a farewell gift to his future family. If he is going to get married before the next Dragon Boat Festival, he will also formally give a big gift, mainly wine and meat for his elders and clothes for his fiancee. First, the daughter-in-law went back to her family and brought wine and meat. At the same time, her mother also gave her daughter-in-law some gifts. For example, some places in Shaanxi also call Duanyang Festival Daughter's Day and Daughter's Day. On this day, the married daughter will return to her family. The bride's family should hold a certain ceremony for her married daughter, commonly known as "wrapping her belly". Gifts can include summer clothes, fans, cool hat sweatshirts, etc. But it is essential to wrap her Chinese-style chest covering with flowers embroidered with toad. Toad represents the ability to have children.
Interviewee: HB _ sy _ HGP- Trainee Magician Level 3 6- 19 15:22
The fifth day of the fifth lunar month is the Dragon Boat Festival, also known as Duanyang Festival, Noon Festival, May Festival, Ai Festival, Dragon Boat Festival, Chung Noon Festival, Noon Festival and Summer Festival. Although the names are different, the customs of people everywhere are the same. Dragon Boat Festival is an old custom in China for more than two thousand years. On this day, every household hangs clocks and statues, hangs mugwort leaves and calamus, races dragon boats, eats zongzi, drinks realgar wine, swims all diseases, wears sachets and prepares sacrifices.
The first significance of the Dragon Boat Festival is to commemorate Qu Yuan, a great national poet in history. Qu Yuan, Ming Ping, was a native of Chu in the Warring States Period. Born in the seventh day of the first month of Wu Wang calendar in Chu Wei, or in the twenty-seventh year, he died in the ninth year of King Xiang of Chu.
The second meaning of Dragon Boat Festival is the anniversary of Wu Zixu's death. Wu Zixu, a famous Chu national, and his father and brother were all killed by the King of Chu. Later, Zixu abandoned the dark and went to Wu to help Wu to attack Chu, and entered the capital city of Chu in the Five Wars. At that time, King Chu Ping was already dead. Zixu dug a grave and whipped 300 bodies to avenge his father's murder. After the death of He Lu, the king of Wu, his son Fu Cha succeeded to the throne. Wu Jun's morale was high and he was defeated by Yue. Gou Jian, the King of Yue, made peace, and Fu Cha agreed. Zi Xu suggested the complete elimination of Yue, but Fu Cha didn't listen. Wu was massacred and bought by the state of Yue. He was framed by slanderers. Fu Cha believed him and gave him a sword. Zi Xu died. Zixu, a loyal minister, feels like death. Before he died, he said to his neighbor, "After I die, I will gouge out my eyes and hang them on the east gate of Jason Wu, watching the Vietnamese army enter the city to destroy Wu." Hearing this, Fu Cha was furious. On May 5th, he wrapped the body of Zixu in leather and threw it into the river. Therefore, it is said that the Dragon Boat Festival is also a day to commemorate Wu Zixu.
The third significance of the Dragon Boat Festival is to commemorate Cao E, the filial daughter of the Eastern Han Dynasty, who saved her drowning father. Cao E was a native of Shangyu in the Eastern Han Dynasty. Her father drowned in the river and didn't see her body for several days. At that time, Cao E, the filial daughter, was only fourteen years old, crying day and night by the river. 17 days later, he also threw himself into the river on May 5, and fished out his father's body five days later. This was passed down as a myth, and then to the governor of the county government, who made it a monument for disciple Han Danchun to make a eulogy. The tomb of the filial daughter is in Shaoxing, Zhejiang Province today, and there is a monument made by Jin. later ages