Shallow pool lotus straw cultivation yield high, easy to harvest, save water, save labor, the planting area is expanding year by year, the average 667 square meters (1 acre) production of lotus root 4000 kilograms, compared with the general shallow pool lotus root yield increase of more than 30%. The following is my carefully organized shallow pool lotus root planting technology for you, take a look.
Shallow pool lotus root planting techniques
First, choose the appropriate varieties
Lotus root should be selected root thick and round, white skin, crisp flesh, sweet taste, good quality, high yield of early maturity varieties, such as? E-Lian 4? E-Lian No. 5? The most important thing is that they are not the same as the other varieties, but they are the same as the others. Jinan white lotus root? etc.
Second, build the lotus root pool
1. Lotus root pools should be selected in the sunny, no trees shade of the village wasteland, barren house, waste ponds, low-lying waste land and other places. To build 667 square meters of lotus root ponds need 5 tons of lime, 5 tons of cement, 30 tons of sand, 8 silk polyethylene plastic film 800 square meters, long? width? Thickness of 70 cm? 50 cm? 5 cm cement prefabricated blocks 230. 667 square meters total cost of about 5000 yuan.
2. build pool. Pool depth of 60 centimeters, pool wall slope 60 degrees. Lime will be scattered into the bottom of the pool, rotary plow rotary plow 2 ~ 3 times, plow depth of 20 cm, soil and ash mixed evenly, with the tamper machine will be the bottom of the pool leveling and compaction, with 3:7 lime soil will be tamped walls, with the film will be the bottom of the pool, the pool wall paved flat paved, and then smeared with 2 ~ 3 cm thick concrete, will be prepared to stand in the pool wall of the sloping plate, with cement smeared seam smeared. The built lotus root pool can be used for 15 years.
Third, fertilization
Straw, wheat straw, corn stalks or weeds into the pool, 30 ~ 40 cm thick, every 667 square meters of straw 15,000 kilograms. 5000 kilograms of soil fertilizer, 50 kilograms of diammonium phosphate, 50 kilograms of potassium sulfate, mixed evenly with the cover soil covered in straw, 12~15 cm thick.
Fourth, the seed root selection and root row
The seed root is dug out before planting, selected to meet the characteristics of this variety and with the whole root of the child root for the root seed, the child root must grow in the same direction. The seed root is cut off at 1.5 cm after the second section, and spray 50% carbendazim 500 times or chlorothalonil 600 times to the seed root, smother it for 1 day and prepare it for use, or you can use 500 times of 50% carbendazim to soak the seed for 30 minutes to sterilize it.
row lotus root in the Qingming to rain, 667 square meters with 300 kg of lotus root seed, row spacing 1.5 ~ 2 m, plant spacing 0.6 ~ 1 m, row lotus root head buried in straw 12 ~ 15 cm deep, after the section slightly cocked on the water surface, in order to use the sun to promote sprouting. Between the plants in a triangle to the empty arrangement, in order to make the distribution of lotus whip evenly. Around the side rows of lotus root head toward the pool, so as to avoid the lotus whip to the ridge outside. After rows of lotus root irrigation 4 ~ 5 cm deep.
V. Field management
1. Weeding, leaf picking, flower folding. Half a month after planting, when the floating leaves appear, weeding. One month after planting, when the floating leaves gradually withered, remove the floating leaves so that the sunshine into the water to raise the water temperature. It is not advisable to go down to the field to weed when the standing leaves cover the water surface, so as not to touch the root body. After the buds, the pedicel will be folded and inserted into the mud.
2. Fertilization. During the growth period need to carry out 2 times of fertilizer. The first fertilizer in the lotus root born 5 ~ 7 standing leaves into the vigorous growth period, 667 square meters of manure 1000 ~ 1500 kg or 10 kg of diammonium phosphate, potassium sulfate 10 kg. The second fertilizer in the lotus root, 667 square meters of three yuan compound fertilizer 50 kg. Fertilizer should be carried out on sunny days without wind, put shallow water before fertilizer, fertilizer is fully absorbed into the soil and then irrigated to the original water level. Fertilizer can be splashed after pouring water to rinse the lotus leaves.
3. Water level adjustment. At the beginning of planting, keep 4~7 cm of shallow water; the growth period, with the vigorous growth of the leaves and branches, gradually deepen the water layer to 12~15 cm; lotus root period, to keep 4~7 cm of shallow water is appropriate.
4. Turn the root tips. When the rolled leaves from the edge of the pool 1 meter, at any time will be near the edge of the pool of lotus root tips to the pool to turn, in order to make the root distribution uniform. Growth period 2 ~ 3 days to turn 1 time, slow growth period 7 ~ 8 days to turn 1 time, *** turn 5 ~ 6 times. Turning the tip is suitable at noon when the stem and leaves are soft, the tip will be lifted up according to the direction of the dial turn buried in the soil can be.
5. Pest control. The main disease of lotus root is rot disease, which mainly affects the underground stem of lotus root, causing brown rot, and causing the above ground part of the withering. Prevention and control methods: ① before rows of roots with lime disinfection, each 667 square meters of lotus root pool put lime block 50 ~ 70 kg; ② growth period of disease, timely removal of diseased plants, the whole field spraying 50% carbendazim 600 times liquid plus 75% Chlorothalonil 600 times the mixture, or will be mixed with the above two fungicides in equal quantities, each 667 square meters with 500 grams of mixing 25 kilograms of fine soil, heap smothered for 4 hours and then sprinkled into the pool, 5 ~ 7 days a time. 1 time a day, 2~3 times in a row to prevent. The main pests are aphids and oblique moths, aphids can be used to prevent and control imidacloprid, aphid net, oblique moths can be used to prevent and control pyrethroid pesticides, inhibition of Tai Bao, Kardashnik and so on.
Sixth, harvest
Into October, according to the needs of the lotus root at any time. Because of the shallow pool lotus root straw cultivation, picking lotus root is convenient, only to grasp the lotus root slowly pull out can be.
Shallow pool lotus root cultivation technology1. Selection of land to build a pool
Selected from the water near, deep soil, good drainage conditions of the plot, digging 60cm deep, and then lime, cement, river sand mixing and pouring the bottom of the pool foundation, requires flat and solid. Then use hollow brick to build the edge of the pool, the pool depth of about 80cm, of which 50cm below the ground, 30cm above the ground. close to the water source at one end of the water intake holes, the other end of the drainage holes, from the bottom of the pool of about 50cm. the whole pool with cement calendaring, to ensure that there is no seepage of water fertilizer.
2. Fertilizer filling
Select humus-rich clay loam, mashed and sifted with fully-rotted organic fertilizers evenly mixed, backfilled to the pool and leveled, the soil layer is 30cm deep, per acre (667 square meters) 5000kg of organic fertilizer.
3. Selection of good varieties
Selected varieties of shallow into the mud, there are: the U.S. Snow Lotus 3, Thailand flower Qilian, E lotus four, Yugoslavia high-yield snow lotus root. The same field, it is best to plant only one variety, do not mix, so as not to cause mutation. In addition, the general quality of the white flower species, safflower strong, if the two mixed species, will occur safflower species inhibit the phenomenon of white flower species.
4. Planting
Planting time: Dongping County should be planted in mid-April to early May. The seed root is buried in the soil (mud) layer, not exposed can be. Generally root head end buried slightly deeper, after the bar section end buried slightly shallower, before and after the formation of about 20 degrees of inclination. Planting after planting, timely irrigation, water depth of about 5 cm. In order to increase the yield, the front and back of the lotus root species should be closely arranged, the general line spacing 1 ~ 1.5 meters, plant spacing 0.5 ~ 1 meter.
5. Lotus root field management
(1) water level adjustment
After setting the lotus root to maintain a shallow water level, in order to raise the pool temperature, promote lotus root germination. When floating leaves appear, keep the water level at about 25cm. The water level is required to be constant throughout the growing period, and attention is paid to drainage during the rainy season.
(2) plant adjustment
Planting 1 month or so, to remove floating leaves at the right time to reduce nutrient consumption, increase light, improve ground temperature. When removing flowers, the flower stalks should be bent, not broken, so as to avoid rainwater intrusion and cause rot.
(3) fertilizer
Lotus root is a fertilizer crop, under the premise of adequate fertilizer, should also be fertilized 2 times. When the lotus root grows 6 ~ 7 leaves and enter the stage of vigorous growth, each acre of rotting manure 1000 ~ 1500kg, nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium compound fertilizer 25kg; lotus root, each acre of lotus root fertilizer 1500 ~ 2,000kg, diammonium phosphate 15 ~ 20kg. fertilization should be selected in the sunny and windy weather, and put a shallow water level, in order to facilitate the penetration of fertilizers. Fertilizer should be rinsed after the lotus leaves, and then return to normal water level.
(4) Pest control
Lotus root diseases are mainly caused by the rotting disease of Fusarium in the soil, which mostly attacks the underground stems, causing the stems to turn brown and rot, which in turn leads to the wilting of the aboveground parts. Available 50% carbendazim wettable powder 600 times liquid plus 75% chlorothalonil wettable powder 600 times liquid spray. Every 7 days, spray 3?4 times.
Pests are mainly aphids, available 40% Rogaine emulsion 1500 times liquid or 50% wettable aphid powder 1000 times liquid for spraying control.
6. Harvest
Start digging lotus root in late September, 15 days before digging lotus root no longer add water, the harvest period can last until the second year of Qingming. It can be harvested in batches according to market conditions.
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