1. Hypertension is a persistent hypertension disease, which can cause stroke, heart disease, hemangioma, renal failure and other diseases. Hypertension is a systemic disease characterized by elevated arterial pressure, which may be accompanied by functional or organic changes in heart, blood vessels, brain, kidney and other organs. It can be divided into primary hypertension and secondary hypertension.
Second, there are many reasons for the onset of hypertension, which can be divided into genetic and environmental aspects. Without taking antihypertensive drugs, systolic blood pressure ≥ 139mmHg and/or diastolic blood pressure ≥89mmHg. According to the level of blood pressure, hypertension is divided into three grades: 1, 2 and 3. Systolic blood pressure ≥ 140mmHg and diastolic blood pressure ⅲ are also called malignant hypertension, accounting for 1% of hypertension, which can suddenly change from slow progression to onset. Malignant hypertension can occur at any age, but it is most common in 30-40 years old. The blood pressure is obviously increased, and the diastolic pressure is mostly above 17.3Kpa( 130mmHg), with symptoms such as fatigue, thirst and polyuria. Vision drops rapidly, retinal hemorrhage and exudation are found in the fundus, and bilateral papillae edema is often found. Proteinuria, hematuria and renal insufficiency appear rapidly. Heart failure, hypertensive encephalopathy and hypertensive crisis can also occur, and the course of disease progresses rapidly, and most of them die of uremia.
Systolic hypertension in the elderly: refers to the elderly over 60 years old whose systolic blood pressure is higher than normal and whose diastolic blood pressure is normal. It is an independent disease type, an independent risk factor of cardiovascular disease and stroke in the elderly, and an important disease affecting the health of the elderly.
Five, a variety of factors can lead to elevated blood pressure. Increased pumping capacity of the heart (e.g. increased myocardial contractility). ), so that the blood pumped per second increases. Another factor is that the aorta loses its normal elasticity and becomes stiff. When the heart pumps blood, it cannot expand effectively. Therefore, the space through which the blood pumped by each heartbeat passes is narrower than normal, which leads to an increase in pressure. This is why hypertension often occurs in the elderly, who become stiff due to atherosclerosis. Due to the stimulation of nerves and hormones in the blood, the arterioles of the whole body can temporarily contract, which also causes the blood pressure to rise. The third factor that may lead to an increase in blood pressure is the increase in the amount of liquid in circulation. This is very common in kidney diseases. The kidney can't completely excrete sodium salt and water, and the blood volume in the body increases, which leads to an increase in blood pressure.