No matter what disease it is, for example, the vital qi is damaged for a long time, and the deficiency will not disappear for a long time. After the damage becomes fatigue, the essence of the kidney will often be greatly damaged. Therefore, there is a saying in Chinese medicine that "the five internal organs are injured, and poverty reaches the kidney". As stated in the medical books, the syndromes of four damages, four asthenia, five pains, six poles and seven injuries often need to be supplemented to be effective. Therefore, Zhang Jingyue, a famous doctor in Shaoxing in the Ming Dynasty, further developed his theories on the basis of predecessors' theories, such as "essence is taken away, which is called deficiency", "deficiency is supplemented" and "essence is insufficient, which means that if essence is greatly damaged, the strength of years will decline, the true yin will be insufficient, and phlegm will be insufficient. If there is any supplement, it will be truthfully disclosed. For the disease of big deficiency, rigorous tonic methods are often used to replenish essence and blood, so as not to reduce the tonic force, and laxatives should not be mixed. He often uses Radix Rehmanniae Preparata to tonify kidney, and cooperates with ginseng, dogwood, medlar, licorice and other drugs. This tonic method, which is purely composed of tonics and has a large dose, belongs to a strict tonic method.
Later, Ye, a famous doctor in Qing Dynasty, further put forward the theory of nourishing flesh and blood on the basis of medical law. According to Ye's point of view: "The essence and blood are tangible, supplemented by the ruthless things of vegetation, and the sound and qi will not correspond." Ye's words mean that people with kidney deficiency for a long time will definitely involve eight strange meridians, and most of the products of animals and plants are not strange meridians. Only with human beings, such as placenta hominis, swim bladder beads, antlers (horns), tortoise plastron glue, pig spinal cord (spinal cord of cattle and sheep) and mussels, can the exhausted spermatorrhea be cultivated in the body.
Previous strict compensation methods can be roughly divided into two types:
We should make up for the emergencies such as blood loss and qi deficiency during massive hemorrhage, save the true essence of kidney life with large dose of Shen Du decoction, save the crisis with large dose of Sini decoction, and prolong the kidney life of Yuanyang. This kind of medicine, mainly aconite and ginseng, focuses on invigorating qi and strengthening yang.
Strict supplement and treatment of serious diseases, filling with quiet products, and practicing with peaceful products. This kind of medicine mainly consists of Radix Rehmanniae Preparata and Colla cornus Cervi, focusing on nourishing yin and enriching blood.
Slow compensation method
Diseases are different from chronic diseases and new diseases, and deficiency is different from big deficiency and slight deficiency. Kidney essence is insufficient, and it is impossible without intense tonic. But if it is only a slight sign of kidney deficiency, there is no need to make up for it seriously. At this time, you might as well use the slow complement method. Even kidney deficiency after a long illness, if the symptoms are not critical or urgent, you may wish to use the slow tonic method.
Therefore, there is no need for some elderly people who are not sick but have insufficient blood and essence, or some young people who are not heavy but have insufficient liver and kidney. If you are in a hurry to do good deeds and act too hastily, you must pour a large dose of sticky medicine, which is like letting a malnourished patient eat a meal 1 turtle. I'm afraid it will hinder the spleen and hinder food, which is counterproductive. Therefore, don't doubt the slow compensation method just because of the slow effect.
If kidney deficiency is not critical and serious, but its deficiency is not good, black beans, mulberries, flax, walnut meat, euryales and chestnuts can be lightly supplemented. In addition, you can also choose some pills with mild taste and little side effects, such as Qing 'e Pill, Wuying Bean, and SINONOVACULA Peach Fruit.
If you don't take medicine, you can use diet therapy. In addition to the above-mentioned plant foods such as walnut kernel and black beans, animal foods such as old duck, pork, mutton, eel, turtle and abalone also have the effect of tonifying kidney. Although the method of slow compensation is slow to take effect, it is stable and has few disadvantages. It can gradually replenish deficiency and strengthen the body in a safe way, and it also has certain advantages.
Selenium supplement method
Color supplement is put forward according to the characteristics of kidney. According to the theory of traditional Chinese medicine, kidney is the foundation of storing essence without diarrhea. If the retention of nocturnal emission is dereliction of duty, frequent nocturnal emission, excessive night sweats, loss of semen, or even slippery semen, then the method of strict tonic and slow tonic should be used to tonify the essence of kidney without astringency. The ancients compared it to "truthfully leaking", which means that it is adding water to the leaking cup, and the leaking cup will never be filled with water. Jinkui Shenqi Pill focuses on "the source of invigorating spleen and activating water", and does not need Atractylodes macrocephala, the first choice drug for invigorating spleen; We focus on "nourishing the liver and eliminating water", but we don't use the commonly used liver-nourishing drug Paeonia lactiflora, but only use Chinese yam, Cornus officinalis and other drugs with astringent effects, which shows the ingenuity of the ancients in selecting drugs. Therefore, if people with kidney deficiency have symptoms such as nocturnal emission, night sweats, metrorrhagia, etc., it is advisable to use astringent essence and tonic method. This method of astringing and tonifying is generally called astringing and consolidating essence, and sometimes it is also called astringing and consolidating kidney qi. However, keel, calcined oyster, Gordon Euryale seed, lotus seed, Rosa laevigata, Chinese yam, Cornus officinalis and raw Astragalus are commonly used drugs when using this method.
Nourishing method
Since tonifying kidney is astringent, why is there a general method? Why is reasoning a complementary method? The original mechanism of medication is often complementary, that is, the combination of opening and closing. Therefore, Chinese medicine tonifying kidney is often combined with general drugs when using astringent tonics. In this regard, Ye once said: "Non-communication can't guide astringency, and non-astringency can't fix essence." There is also a saying in Chinese medicine: "turbid orifices are clear, but fine orifices are closed." Therefore, many doctors believe that herbs can not only guide convergence to fix sperm, but also make kidney-tonifying drugs play their nourishing role better. In addition, there is also a method of moistening, guiding and removing blood stasis, and its treatment lies in blood points. If blood stasis does not go, it will not be reborn, so it is difficult to recover from kidney deficiency. For example, if a woman suffers from gangrene, she should not only moisten dryness and tonify deficiency, but also activate blood stasis to regenerate it, and moisten dryness will lead to qi and blood.
Cleaning and replenishment methods
Kidney deficiency is different from essence deficiency, qi deficiency, yin deficiency and yang deficiency. Essence deficiency does not necessarily have symptoms of heat, while yin deficiency may be accompanied by fire, so warming drugs are not suitable for fire. Zhang Jingyue once said: "Those with yin deficiency and excessive heat should be sweet and cool, and those with pungent dryness should not." He also said: "Yin deficiency should be supplemented, and Yin deficiency should be cleared", and clearing is also one of the great ways to tonify the kidney. However, the subdivision of clearing and tonifying methods is also different, such as the syndrome of yin deficiency and excessive fire, and those with less fire evil should "strengthen water to control yang", which is developed from the principle of "cold and heat take yin" in Neijing. This method is not based on cold drugs to clear heat, but uses drugs such as Radix Rehmanniae, Fructus Corni, Rhizoma Dioscoreae, Fructus Ligustri Lucidi, Eclipta prostrata, etc. to cool and nourish yin, so that kidney yin can flourish and kidney yang can be inhibited. However, because yin deficiency and excessive fire can cause and effect each other, in fact, the "master of strong water" must also be accompanied by drugs to clear fire. For example, in Liuwei Pill, Radix Rehmanniae Preparata is used as the main medicine, and two kinds of fire-reducing drugs, namely Cortex Moutan and Alismatis Rhizoma, are used to achieve the effect of "clearing heat and promoting diuresis". If yin deficiency and fire are flourishing and evil fire becomes the main aspect of contradiction, we can't stick to Zhao's theory. At this time, Zhu Danxi's Dabuyin Pill method can be used, or even Li Dongyuan's Dabuyin Pill method can be used, that is to say, bitter cold and strong yin method can be used, which is a method of reinforcing diarrhea. If yin deficiency is flourishing, besides Dabuyin Pill in Danxi, Jingyue's Ziyin Dihuang Pill can also be used. If yin deficiency and yang hyperactivity, wind and yang will be disturbed with the rising nature of liver wood, resulting in the deficiency of upper body and lower body. At this time, it is necessary to use the method of nourishing Yin and suppressing Yang Can. This method is to add raw oysters, mother-of-pearl, tortoise plastron, turtle shell and other products when tonifying kidney and cooling liver to suppress yang and wind.
Heating method
"People who work are warm-hearted" is not only a method to treat deficiency, but also an important method to tonify kidney.
Zhang Jingyue once said: "Yang deficiency and cold should be supplemented and warmed." . That is to say, people with symptoms of yang failure such as kidney deficiency, chills, cold limbs, etc., in addition to tonifying yang with warm agents (doctors compare it to adding oil to help fire), they should also add hot drugs such as aconite, cinnamon and even asarum and dried ginger to strengthen yang (doctors often call it restoring yang by breaking yin). Ye thinks that the deficiency of warming kidney and yang should not be lightly used with dried products such as aconite and cinnamon, for fear of robbing fat and damaging essence. He advocated that "soft agents should be used to nourish the yang and dredge the pulse without stagnation", such as Morinda officinalis, cistanche deserticola, Cuscuta chinensis, Lycium barbarum, pilose antler, colla cornus Cervi, walnut meat and sea cucumber, which was considered as the correct treatment for kidney-yang deficiency. According to the principle of alternation of yin and yang, Zhang Jingyue likes to use the method of nourishing yin and yang, but his prescriptions such as Zuogui Pill and Zuogui Drink are not based on the excuse of seeking yin in the yang, but are slightly attached, which is the reason. However, Gui and Fu are strong-natured, and their actions of dispelling cold can also warm and tonify kidney yang, but they must be properly combined with sweet herbs, such as ginseng, prepared rehmannia root and roasted licorice. Therefore, according to the objective reality, according to the combination of rigidity and softness of drugs, Fan Kaizhou clearly divided the warming-up method into the method of restoring yang with rigid agent and the method of tonifying yang with soft agent.
Double complement method
Physiologically speaking, Yin and Yang are interdependent and inseparable. So Zhang Jingyue once pointed out:
"yin and yang are divided into fine points, so yin and yang are inseparable, and yin and yang are not mixed with cold and heat." Essence of yin and yang refers to physiological cold and hot yin and yang, and refers to pathology. Generally speaking, nourishing yin and yang refers to physiological essence; Generally speaking, purging yin and yang refers to pathological cold and heat. Based on this essence, Zhang Jingyue expounded the application of double-tonic method in theory. He said: "those who are good at nourishing yin will seek yin in the yang, and then yin will rise in the yang, with endless sources;" Those who are good at tonifying yang must seek yang in yin, then yang will be helped by yin, and biochemistry is endless. "That is to say, considering the source of yin and yang biochemistry, it is the master who is good at cultivating and supplementing, so the double complement method is produced.
However, it must be pointed out that the double-supplement method should be combined with clinical practice and not empty talk. Moreover, in theory, the emphasis of deficiency of both yin and yang is often different, so when using the double tonic method, it is mainly to replenish yin or yang, and the medicine method is still biased. For example, Zhang Jingyue's left and right belong to four directions, which embodies his double complement method, but from the perspective of emphasizing Yin and Yang, they belong to the double complement of Yin and Yang respectively. Otherwise, there is no difference between left gyrus and right gyrus. But judging from the theory of double supplement, Jing Yue's prescription is very clear. For example, Zuogui Pills mainly nourish yin, such as Radix Rehmanniae, supplemented by drugs that warm and tonify yang, such as cornu Cervi and Fructus Lycii. Its purpose is not only to strengthen the application of nourishing essence and blood, but also to apply the theory of "seeking yin from yang" to practical prescriptions. How about Gui You pills? It is made of cornu Cervi Degelatinatum, Semen Cuscutae, Fructus Lycii, Radix Aconiti Lateralis Preparata, Cortex Cinnamomi, etc. And the effect of warming and nourishing yang qi and nourishing essence and blood is very outstanding, which determines that this recipe belongs to the category of warming and nourishing. However, although this prescription mainly focuses on warming and nourishing yang, it still focuses on the dosage of Radix Rehmanniae, which is good at nourishing kidney and yin, reflecting the organic law of "seeking yang from yin" from cultivating and nourishing human hands, so it also has the function of nourishing yin and yang.
interpolation method
Kidney deficiency does not directly tonify the kidney, and the method of treating kidney deficiency every two times in the theory of five elements is adopted, that is, supplementing other viscera and promoting the recovery of kidney deficiency. This kind of indirect treatment is called indirect tonifying kidney. Among the methods of tonifying kidney, the most important one is the method of nourishing soil and generating water. For example, Buzhong Yiqi decoction plus Schisandra chinensis and Ophiopogon japonicus is actually the method of tonifying spleen, benefiting lung and generating kidney water. Another example is that according to the theory of "deficiency can replenish its mother", kidney water is generated by lung-tonifying drugs; According to the theory of "reinforcing children and strengthening mothers, tonifying kidney with liver-nourishing drugs", it is an intermittent tonic method.