High blood pressure patients should usually pay attention to adjusting lifestyle, regular medical checkups, and medication to bring blood pressure under control.

1, adjust the lifestyle

For the early emergence of mild hypertension, can be completely through the reduction of salt, weight loss, cessation of alcohol, exercise and other non-pharmacological treatment to control hypertension; even if there has been a serious high blood pressure, lifestyle adjustments can reduce the dosage of drugs. Specific measures are:

①, salt reduction and salt limitation: the World Health Organization recommends a daily salt intake of no more than 6 grams per person (equivalent to a beer bottle cap), if you can control salt to meet the standard, then the blood pressure can be lowered by 2 to 8 mmHg.

②, balanced diet: patients are encouraged to eat more fresh vegetables, fruits, fish, coarse grains, legumes and soybean products, skimmed milk, and other rich in potassium, calcium, Dietary fiber, unsaturated fatty acid food, especially potassium ion, can help regulate blood pressure. People with normal renal function can choose low-sodium and high-potassium salt.

3, quit smoking and limit alcohol: tobacco directly leads to atherosclerosis, long-term smoking can increase the incidence of cardiovascular disease and death rate. You should take the initiative to quit smoking and refuse second-hand smoke. Control daily alcohol intake, men <25g, women <15g. If the daily drinking limit is reached, the blood pressure can be reduced by 2~4mmHg.

4, control weight: Reduce weight can reduce blood pressure, which has been clearly verified. For every 10kg of weight loss, blood pressure can be reduced by 5-20mmHg. It is recommended to control BMI below 24kg/m2, waist circumference < 2250px for men, < 2125px for women.

⑤, adhere to the exercise: it is recommended to carry out aerobic exercise. Aerobic exercise refers to exercise in which the body is supplied with sufficient oxygen, i.e., during exercise, the body inhales oxygen equal to the demand. Aerobic exercise includes swimming, jogging, brisk walking, cycling, skating, tai chi, fitness dance, table tennis, badminton, etc., characterized by low intensity, rhythmic and long duration. If regular moderate exercise, 5-7 times a week, 30 minutes each time, blood pressure can be reduced by 4~9mmHg.

6, peace of mind: Whether it's negative emotions such as sadness, anger, anxiety, depression, or positive emotions such as excitement, agitation, etc., it's not conducive to blood pressure control. Therefore, hypertensive patients should pay attention to maintain an optimistic state of mind, do not panic, calm and comfortable, to learn? Look at the flowers blossoming and falling in front of the court, and look at the sky outside the clouds rolling clouds? The mindset of the people who have high blood pressure.

2, drug treatment

As mentioned earlier, psychosomatic factors are the main factors in the development of hypertension in young people, and sympathetic excitation is the main pathogenesis, so the drug treatment should be selected for this mechanism:

①, RAS blockers: that is, often referred to as Prilosec or sartans antihypertensive drugs, which can block renin - angiotensin - aldosterone system, and also has a beneficial effect on the sympathetic excitation. It also has an inhibitory effect on sympathetic nervous system excitation. The two can only choose one, can not be combined;

②,? Receptor blockers: inhibit the sympathetic nervous system. Commonly used are Betalucil and so on, you can also choose the third generation of ? receptor blockers/? Receptor blockers such as Almar;

The above drugs still can not control the standard, can be added

③, calcium antagonists: that is, often referred to as diphenhydramine antihypertensive drugs. Note: short-acting diphenhydramine antihypertensive drugs such as nifedipine tablets can induce sympathetic nervous system excitation, so it is prohibited to use. It is recommended to choose third-generation long-acting depressants, such as amlodipine benzenesulfonate.

3, the treatment of hypertension should be accompanied by active treatment of diabetes, hyperlipidemia and hyperuricemia.