Prescription for diabetes (1) Astragalus membranaceus: Astragalus membranaceus polysaccharide can regulate blood sugar in both directions. Clinically, Astragalus membranaceus combined with Radix Rehmanniae, Radix Scrophulariae, Radix Ophiopogonis and other nourishing yin drugs are commonly used to treat diabetes.
(2) Rhizoma Coptidis: The decoction has the function of lowering blood sugar. Berberine (berberine) extracted from Rhizoma Coptidis has the functions of losing weight, obviously improving glucose tolerance, increasing fat burning and reducing fat synthesis.
(3) Polygonatum sibiricum: It has obvious hypoglycemic effect.
(4) Rehmannia glutinosa (including Radix Rehmanniae and Radix Rehmanniae Preparata): It has the functions of lowering blood sugar and improving dyslipidemia. When clinically applied to diabetes, Radix Rehmanniae is often combined with Radix Asparagi and Fructus Lycii.
(5) Ginseng: Ginseng polysaccharide has hypoglycemic effect. Ginseng can also enhance the effect of insulin on glucose metabolism. For mild diabetes, ginseng can be combined with Radix Rehmanniae, and the daily dosage of ginseng is 3-9g.
(6) Chinese yam: It can significantly reduce the blood sugar of experimental mice, and can obviously resist the increase of blood sugar.
(7) Gui Jianyu: It has the functions of lowering blood sugar, increasing weight and promoting the proliferation of islet cells and islet β cells.
(8) Ophiopogon japonicus: It can lower blood sugar, promote the recovery of islet cells and increase liver glycogen.
Other drugs with hypoglycemic effect include Radix Puerariae, Fructus Lycii, Fructus Corni, Poria, Rhizoma Polygonati Odorati, Folium Mori, Cortex Mori, Fructus Mori, Semen Cuscutae, Radix Scrophulariae, Radix Salviae Miltiorrhizae, Rhizoma Anemarrhenae, Herba et Gemma Agrimoniae, Cortex Lycii, pollen and Cortex Cinnamomi.
Diabetes examination 1. blood sugar
It is the only criterion for diagnosing diabetes. Those who have obvious symptoms of "three more and one less" can be diagnosed as long as the blood sugar level is abnormal once. Asymptomatic people need two abnormal blood sugar levels to diagnose diabetes. Suspicious people need to do a 75g glucose tolerance test.
Urinary sugar
Often positive. When the blood glucose concentration exceeds the renal glucose threshold (160 ~ 180 mg/dl), urine glucose is positive. When the renal glucose threshold rises, the diagnosis can be negative even if the blood glucose reaches the level of diabetes. Therefore, urine glucose determination is not used as a diagnostic standard.
3. Urine ketone body
When ketosis or ketoacidosis occurs, urine ketone body is positive.
4. Glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA 1c)
It is the product of non-enzymatic reaction between glucose and hemoglobin, and the reaction is irreversible. HbA 1c level is stable, which can reflect the average blood sugar level two months before blood collection. It is the most valuable index to judge the state of blood sugar control.
5. Glycosylated serum protein
It is the product of non-enzymatic reaction between blood glucose and serum albumin, and reflects the average blood glucose level 1 ~ 3 weeks before blood collection.
6. Serum insulin and C-peptide levels
Reflect the reserve function of islet β cells. In the early stage of type 2 diabetes or obesity, serum insulin is normal or elevated. With the development of the disease, the function of islet gradually decreased and the ability of insulin secretion decreased.