Torch Festival of Yi people, that is, the Year of Yi people. In the eyes of Yi people, fire symbolizes light, justice and prosperity, and symbolizes a powerful force that can destroy all evil. Torch Festival is a festival of joy, love and happiness for Yi people. 3. Hong Kong customs
The Lunar New Year is a traditional grand festival in our country, and I believe everyone in China does not know it. However, celebrating the Lunar New Year in Hong Kong is totally different from the traditional ones in terms of customs and atmosphere.
In recent years, few Hong Kong people have traditionally posted Spring Festival couplets and New Year pictures at home during the Lunar New Year. Instead, they have posted "prosperous business" and "safe entry and exit" in some shops or homes. Even so, the original intention of posting Spring Festival couplets and New Year pictures is the same as that of posting Spring Festival couplets and New Year pictures. I hope everything will be smooth and safe in the coming year.
In addition, lion dances and dragon lanterns will also appear in some villages and villages in the New Territories, and it is difficult to see large-scale lion dances and dragon lanterns on the streets of urban areas in the New Year. As for setting off firecrackers and firecrackers, it is forbidden in Hong Kong. However, since 1982, a grand fireworks show has been held in Victoria Harbour every year on the second night of the Lunar New Year, which has been a program to welcome the Spring Festival for more than ten years.
Hong Kong is known as a "gourmet paradise", and there are many customs about eating during the Spring Festival, and most families will also have a "reunion dinner" during the Spring Festival, usually at home, and the whole family will get together and enjoy dinner on New Year's Eve. The first choice for a big program after dinner is believed to be visiting the flower market. During the Lunar New Year, there are many fairs in Hong Kong and Kowloon, among which the flower market in Victoria Park is the largest and most lively. Hong Kong people are used to visiting the flower market after dinner, and on New Year's Eve, people are crowded with each other, and everyone will celebrate the festival together.
The happiest thing about spending the Lunar New Year in Hong Kong is to collect children who are "profitable". During the Spring Festival, laughter can be heard everywhere. "Li" was originally a "good thing", which was based on good luck and good intentions, and it also became an indispensable custom with relatives during the Spring Festival.
4. Macao customs
Macao's old customs are unique. "Xie Zao" is one of the most traditional China customs preserved in Macau. On the 23rd of the twelfth lunar month, people in Macao called it "Xie Zao". According to the tradition of China, Macao people also use candy for the kitchen god, saying that it is to paste the mouth of the kitchen god with sugar, so as not to speak ill of him before the Jade Emperor. I saw a picture of Santa Claus on the stove of a Macao family in Flower Street, Macau. Strangely, the picture of Santa Claus was affixed with a couplet saying "Heaven speaks good things, and it is good luck to return home".
Macao people celebrate the New Year from the 28th of the twelfth lunar month, which is a homophonic word in Cantonese. Most business owners invite their employees to have a "reunion dinner" at the end of this year to show their prosperity and good luck. The annual flavor of Macao can be truly felt from the 28th day of the twelfth lunar month.
On New Year's Eve, observing the new year and visiting the flower market are two major events for Macao people to bid farewell to the old year and welcome the new year. Shousui is playing mahjong, watching TV, catching up and chatting, and enjoying family happiness; Probably influenced by Christmas and Valentine's Day in the West, people in Macao also rushed to buy some auspicious flowers and trees to welcome the New Year, which has now become a Macao custom. Macao holds a flower market on Lunar New Year's Eve, mostly peach blossoms, daffodils, potted bamboos and potted oranges. The flowers are rich and prosperous, wishing peace, and the flowers are auspicious for the bright future of the New Year. The flower market in Macao has been held for three days, which has brought endless comfort to Macao people who have been running around for a year.
On the Spring Festival, Macao people pay attention to "benefiting the market", which is a red envelope. On this day, when the boss meets the employees, the elders meet the younger generation, and even the married people meet the unmarried people, they have to "benefit the market". "Li Shi" is pure and crisp to show good luck. Macao people call the second day of New Year's Day "opening the year". The custom is to have a "New Year's Eve" meal, which must contain Nostoc flagelliforme, lettuce and carp in order to make money and profit. From the day of "Opening the Year", the Macao government will allow civil servants to "gamble" (gamble) within three days. After the "New Year", Macau has completely returned to the traditional Chinese New Year custom in China. Until the Lantern Festival, it was also a fireworks festival, playing with dragons and lions, and was in high spirits.
5. Taiwan Province Spring Festival customs.
The Spring Festival is a traditional folk festival with a long history of the Chinese nation. In Taiwan Province, which is separated from Fujian Province by water, its history, culture, customs, living habits, kinship and so on all come down in one continuous line with the mainland of China, especially in southern Fujian, so the Spring Festival customs of the people on the island are naturally similar to those of the mainland of China.
Because the ancestors of Baodao residents (mostly Minnan and Hakkas) went to Taiwan for development, it is a long time ago and has experienced many vicissitudes, and the Spring Festival customs there have gradually formed some unique patterns and colors.
6. Interesting Jiangsu Spring Festival customs
During the Spring Festival, Jiangsu folks have some unique customs besides posting Spring Festival couplets, hanging New Year pictures, observing the new year, dancing lions, and paying New Year greetings, which are the same as those in the whole country. Now the number of collections is for readers.
Suzhou people put cooked water chestnuts in their meals on New Year's Eve, and dig them out when eating, which is called "digging gold ingots". When relatives and friends come and go, they should put two green olives in the tea, which is called "gold ingot tea". Congratulations on making a fortune.
On the morning of the first day of the New Year, people in Wujin hung portraits of their ancestors in nave, offering them tea fruits and rice cakes, and the whole family paid New Year greetings in turn, which was called "worshipping the shadow of God." They are not allowed to sweep the floor from home, for fear of sweeping out "wealth" and "wishful thinking", they can only sweep it from outside to inside.
Jiangning people have the custom of "beating the god drum" during the Spring Festival. The flag opens the way, and the gongs and drums players beat drums all over to add fun. On the third day, "beating the night drum", the seventh day, "playing the seven drums" and the thirteenth to fifteenth day, the atmosphere is warm.
Nantong people have the custom of planting sesame stalks, holly and cypress branches at home or in front of the hall, which means that life is blooming day by day and green all the year round.
Huaiyin people also have the custom of "roasting the head wind" for their children on the sixth day of the sixth day. At night, I took my children to the field to light torches to drive away the pathogenic factors for them. While roasting, I sang: "Roast my head, wake up, roast my feet, keep my steps straight, roast my belly without diarrhea, and roast it all over my body, and the disease will never be seen."
On the eighth day of the eighth lunar month, fishermen in Wuxi took a boat to the Western Hills to worship the Yuwang Temple, praying for the protection of the water gods and offering sacrifices to the Aojing Buddha, which is called "going up?" After the demolition of Yuwang Temple, this custom gradually became indifferent.
During the Spring Festival, there are still many taboos in the old customs in Jiangsu, such as not moving scissors on the first day of the lunar new year, so as not to argue with each other; Don't move the kitchen knife to avoid being killed; Don't eat porridge, afraid of going out in the rain; Don't sweep the floor, afraid of sweeping away the wealth and so on. With the popularization of scientific knowledge, many unscientific customs are gradually forgotten; Healthy and beneficial entertainment and leisure activities have continued.
7. Guilin Spring Festival Customs
From New Year's Eve to New Year's Eve
The Spring Festival has entered the urban and rural areas of Guilin with the bell ringing at 0: 00 on February 24th of the lunar calendar/KLOC-0. This day is the "New Year's Eve" of Guilin people, that is, "to spend a new year". On New Year's Day, people kill dogs and ducks to celebrate the Spring Festival. The sound of firecrackers on this day, with people's wish to send the Kitchen God "God speaks good things", crackled and spread to Gao Yu. People think that the Kitchen God is the head of the family, and it is in charge of the family's good and evil, good and bad, good and bad, so every year, it is necessary to send the Kitchen God to heaven to explain to the Jade Emperor, so as to save the whole family from disaster. The ceremony of offering sacrifices to the kitchen stove is mostly done by the elders in the family. They put candy on the kitchen stove to offer sacrifices to the kitchen god, praying that the kitchen god "speaks good things in heaven and brings good luck to the world". Sacrificing the kitchen god with candy aims to make the candy "stick" to the mouth of the kitchen god and make his sweet mouth say good things. After the night falls on New Year's Eve, firecrackers will be set off to receive the Kitchen God. This is the ancient custom of "celebrating the New Year" in Guilin. Now, even setting off firecrackers is only a ceremony of the remains of the ancient custom.
From the 24th to 30th of the twelfth lunar month, people are busy buying new year's goods and cleaning the interior and exterior of the house to greet the New Year cleanly. There are many kinds of traditional foods for festivals, and they contain beautiful wishes: steamed rice cakes on the 29th of the twelfth lunar month, which are sweet, successful, meaty and well-prepared. After eating rice cakes (high), life and work in the new year are thriving and rising step by step.
At the dinner on New Year's Eve, people like family reunion. There must be "Yuan Zi" and "Joy" in the dishes, which means reunion and joy. This night, people are empty, and they are all staying at home. When guarding the old age, we should burn the charcoal fire in the brazier to symbolize the prosperity of life. When zero o'clock arrives, the young and old are beaming and greet the New Year with the sound of firecrackers. This happy sound is heard one after another, until it is still late at night, people are still awake, and the fire is still on. Even if they want to have a rest, they will still not forget to snuggle the fire in the brazier, leave the fire and light a good fire tomorrow morning. The fire in the New Year is like human life. It is a good sign of wealth and prosperity in the New Year. People's feelings for fire are so deep, perhaps because fire has brought civilization and warmth to mankind. Loving fire is like loving your own life, especially in the New Year.
The Spring Festival Customs of China Minority Nationalities
China is a multi-ethnic country, with 55 ethnic minorities besides the Han nationality. Although they have different languages, scripts, lifestyles and customs, most of them celebrate the Spring Festival as a major festival of their own nation.
8. Daur nationality: annual height
The Daur people in the north have the habit of visiting the New Year. During the Spring Festival, people wear festive costumes and visit each other to congratulate each other. Every family has steamed cakes, and as soon as New Year visitors enter the door, the host treats them with steamed cakes. "Gao" is homophonic with "Gao" in Chinese, and treating each other with cakes means that their living standards will be further improved in the new year. During the festival, the Daur people also held songs and dances and sports activities, which lasted for half a month.
9. Mongolians: Wine and meat are inexhaustible.
The Mongolian people in the north celebrate the Spring Festival, but it is another scene. Before the festival, every household prepared rams, various dairy products and several jars of wine. On New Year's Eve, people put on beautiful Mongolian robes, and the whole family sat in the middle of the yurt to welcome the new year. Start drinking and eating at midnight. As a rule, you should eat more and drink more. The more wine and meat you have left, the better. This symbolizes that there is no shortage of wine and meat in the new year. On the morning of the first day of junior high school, men and women dressed in all kinds of costumes mounted on horses and rushed to "Haote" (villages and towns) in groups of three or five, stringing yurts one by one. When stringing bags, you should first kowtow to your elders, and then the son-in-law of the host family will toast the guests who come to string bags, and people will sing and dance.
X. Zhuang Nationality: Greeting Heroes
Zhuang people who live in the south of China call the Spring Festival "New Year's Day". On this day, people should congratulate each other no matter who they meet when they go out, thinking that this year can be auspicious. There is also a custom of old age among the Zhuang people, which is called "Chilijie" by the Zhuang people. The "Chili Festival" is on the 30th of this month. It is said that more than 100 years ago, a peasant armed force of the Zhuang nationality returned triumphantly after fighting against foreign invaders. At this time, the Spring Festival has passed, and the Zhuang people celebrated it for them on the 30th of this month in order to welcome them.
11. Buyi people: Girls grab the first load of water.
Buyi people who live in the southwest frontier of China keep vigil on New Year's Eve every year. At dawn, the girls are scrambling to fetch water outside the house. Whoever picks up the first load of water is the most hardworking girl. The Jingpo people there like to hold shooting activities before the Spring Festival, and the girls are the organizers and referees of this activity. They hung the embroidered purse on the bamboo pole with thread and swayed from side to side in the top of the tree, asking the young man to shoot. The girls will give the wine as a prize to whoever shoots the purse first. A purse usually contains a coin, some millet and some decorative beads as a symbol of happiness.
12. Hani: Swing.
A few days before the Spring Festival, the villages where Hani people live are already full of excitement, and the women are all busy with Baba. Baba is a cake made of glutinous rice. The boys are busy chopping bamboo up the mountain and preparing to set up a swing. The swings there are more than ten meters high, and the Hani people, regardless of sex, age and age, love to swing. During the festival, everyone wears their favorite clothes to swing, showing a lively and harmonious holiday scene everywhere.
Thirteen. Dai people: throwing chaff bags
Young Dai men and women love the game of throwing chaff bags. During the Spring Festival, boys and girls throw chaff bags at each other to see who can throw them accurately and who can catch them. After a certain time of playing, the girls quietly snatched the broadsword, baotou cloth or tied horse from the young man and ran home. If the young man has feelings, follow him. When parents saw their daughter coming back with a headcloth and a fine horse, they gave a banquet.
In addition, April 13 every year is the Dai New Year, and it is also the most solemn festival of the Dai people-the Water Splashing Festival. They regard water splashing as a symbol of exorcism and decontamination, and also regard this day as the most beautiful and auspicious day.
14. Gaoshan people: "Surround the furnace"
The Gaoshan people who live in Taiwan Province Province, China, have another taste during the Spring Festival. On New Year's Eve, a family, old and young, sit around a round table with hot pot for dinner, which is called "around the stove". Women who usually don't drink at all should also take a symbolic sip of wine as a sign of good luck. Vegetables eaten around the stove need not be cut with a knife. After washing, they should be cooked with roots, indicating that they wish their parents a long life. If someone in the family goes out, you should also leave a seat vacant and put this person's clothes on the empty seat to show that the whole family misses him.
15. Manchu: Hanging the flag for the New Year.
Manchu is divided into four banners: red, yellow, blue and white. During the Spring Festival, people with red flags put up red flags, people with yellow flags put up yellow flags, people with blue flags put up blue flags and people with white flags put up white flags. These flags are beautifully patterned and brightly colored, symbolizing the auspicious beginning of the year.
During the festival, boys set off firecrackers in groups, or take a variety of self-made wooden sledges and swish on the hills and ice. Girls and young daughters-in-law wear newly-made flowery clothes, and in groups of three or five, they play galaha (knee bones of pigs or cows) in partnership. From the evening of the first day to the fifth day, people also voluntarily organize to dance the yangko to celebrate the New Year. The yangko team with strong lineup not only dances in the village, but also dances in other villages. The onlookers are often so happy that they forget fatigue and cold. There are even enthusiastic audiences-they follow the yangko team from village to village and don't return until dawn.
Sixteen. Bai nationality: "Let it rise"
During the Chinese New Year, the Bai compatriots in Yunnan have a celebration called "Flying High". The so-called "soaring" is to use the whole big bamboo and put gunpowder in the bamboo joints. After lighting, the whole big bamboo can collapse into the sky and become a veritable "soaring". In some areas, Bai compatriots, like Miao and Zhuang people, have "throwing hydrangeas" from the Spring Festival to the Lantern Festival. Anyone who can't catch the hydrangea should give the other party a souvenir. Those who miss the ball many times and can't redeem the souvenir show that they accept the other party's love.
17. Dong people: Lusheng Society
During the Spring Festival, a mass activity called "Dong Year" (also called Lushenghui) prevailed among Dong compatriots in Guizhou and Hunan. This activity is similar to the "group worship" of the Han nationality, but it is more joyful and enthusiastic than the "group worship". This kind of activity is usually held by two villages. The two teams formally held a Lusheng Song and Dance Competition in the square. At this time, the audience of the two villages danced and enjoyed themselves with the music.
18. Yi people: Tiaohu
The Yi people in Maidichong, Shuangbai County, Yunnan Province, have a special custom of "jumping the tiger festival" during the Spring Festival. On the eighth day of the first month, adult men in the village gathered at the site of the land temple behind the village to kill dogs and offer "Mi Si" ("Mi" means soil, "Si" means master, and Mi Si means god), and then "Bimo" in the village offered sacrifices to the land owner to invite the tiger god. Eight villagers dressed up as tigers and danced. The "tigers" had towering ears, thick tails and tiger stripes all over their bodies. They drew a Chinese character "Wang" on their foreheads and hung a big bronze bell around their necks, which was majestic. After "Bimo" said a farewell ceremony and invited the tiger god, the tiger king led all the tigers into the village. Throughout the Tiger Jumping Festival, the whole village, men, women and children, were immersed in a joyful atmosphere of welcoming tigers, sending them away, watching them jump and driving away evil ghosts. The local people were convinced that only through the annual traditional tiger jumping, offering sacrifices to the tiger gods and praying for the blessings of their ancestors, all the villagers could have a bumper harvest, a prosperous population and more happiness every year.
XIX. Sani: Eating glutinous rice balls.
On New Year's Eve, Sani is called "thinking period". On New Year's Eve, it is very solemn to offer sacrifices to one's ancestors and have a new year's meal. In the afternoon, green branches are inserted in front of every house, and a straw hat is hung on the branches. This is a silent notice: please don't enter! No talking! Even people in the family are not allowed to talk loudly.
There is an interesting phenomenon in Sani language: "Tangyuan" and "Celebrating the New Year" are the same word, called "Kuanqima". Because you must eat glutinous rice balls in the New Year. For half a month from the first day of the first month, people indulge in joy. A bonfire party was held on the evening of the first day of junior high school, with folk songs duet and three-stringed Hu solo, which was simple and lyrical. Bang bang bang bang bang bang bang bang bang bang bang bang bang bang bang bang bang bang bang bang bang bang bang bang bang bang bang bang bang bang bang bang bang bang bang bang bang bang bang bang bang bang bang bang bang bang bang.
Sacrifice the mountain gods on the second day, and send Mars on the fourth day to drive away disasters and show human strength.
On the afternoon of the second day of the Spring Festival every year, farmers should take the cow out, walk around the heart of the village several times, and wear flowers tied with red cloth on its forehead to show their respect for its one-year contribution. I also fed it rice and fat pork to show my comfort to my close partner.
Sani people have activities of offering sacrifices to their ancestors from New Year's Eve to the fifth day. From their admiration and nostalgia for their ancestors, we can find the cohesion of this nation and the beautiful things in traditional morality.