Su Shi: (1037-1101) Northern Song Dynasty writer, calligrapher and painter. His courtesy name was Zizhan, his nickname was Dongpo Jushi, and he was a native of Meishan, Meizhou (now part of Sichuan). Su Xunzi. Jiayou Jinshi. During the reign of Emperor Shenzong, he served as Wai Lang, a member of the ancestral hall. Because he opposed Wang Anshi's new law, he sought a foreign position and served as general magistrate of Hangzhou, where he knew Mizhou, Xuzhou and Huzhou. Later, he was demoted to Huangzhou for writing poems that "slandered the imperial court". At that time, Zhezong was a bachelor of the Hanlin Academy. He had traveled to Hangzhou, Yingzhou, etc., and was appointed Minister of the Ministry of Rites. Later he was demoted to Huizhou and Danzhou. He died of illness in Changzhou the second year after returning to the north. In the Southern Song Dynasty, he was posthumously named Wenzhong. Together with his father and younger brother, they are collectively known as "Sansu". Politically, it belongs to the old party, but it also has demands for reforming bad governance. His writing is unbridled, clear and fluent, and he is one of the "Eight Great Masters of Tang and Song Dynasties". His poems are fresh and bold, good at using exaggerated metaphors, and have a unique style in artistic expression. A few poems can also reflect the sufferings of the people and accuse the rulers of their luxury and arrogance. The Ci is bold and unrestrained, which has a great influence on future generations. "Nian Nujiao·Chibi Nostalgia" and "Shui Diao Ge Tou·Bingchen Mid-Autumn Festival" are widely recited. He is good at running script and regular script, adopting the styles of Li Yong, Xu Hao, Yan Zhenqing and Yang Ning, and is able to create his own ideas. The writing style is plump and full of ups and downs, giving it an innocent and lively feel. Together with Cai Xiang, Huang Tingjian and Mi Fu, they are known as the "Four Families of Song Dynasty". He is good at painting bamboo and is a scholar of literature. He also likes to paint dead wood and strange rocks. When discussing painting, he advocated "spiritual resemblance" and believed that "when discussing painting, it is necessary to see it as a neighbor to children"; he spoke highly of the artistic attainments of "paintings in poems, poems in paintings". Poems include "Seven Collections of Dongpo" and so on. The extant writings include "Essays and Posts in Appreciation to Civil Teachers", "Ji Dao Wen in Honor of Huang", "Ode to the Former Chibi", "Poems and Posts on Cold Food in Huangzhou", etc. His paintings include "Withered Trees and Strange Rocks", "Bamboos and Stones", etc.

Su Shi was a Chinese writer, calligrapher and painter in the Northern Song Dynasty. His courtesy name is Zizhan and his nickname is Dongpo Jushi. A native of Meizhou (now Meishan City, Sichuan Province) in the Song Dynasty. His father Su Xun and his younger brother Su Che are both famous ancient writers, known as the "Three Sus" in the world. Jiayou became a Jinshi and served as a judge in Fengxiang Mansion, advocating the reform of bad government. Shenzong opposed the reform at the time, but during his tenure in Mizhou and Xuzhou, he fought floods and exterminated locusts, helped the poor and rescued orphans, and made many political achievements. Later, he was demoted to Huangzhou for "slandering the imperial court". Zhezong was a bachelor of the Hanlin Academy at that time and went out to know the four states of Hangzhou, Ying, Yang and Ding. Huizong was pardoned and summoned back for the first time. Poems, lyrics and prose all represent the highest achievements of Northern Song literature.

Most of Su Shi's poems express his emotions about the ups and downs of his official career. There are also works that reflect the suffering of people's livelihood and reveal the darkness of reality. The poetic style is bold and fresh, especially good at metaphor. Together with Huang Tingjian, he is also known as "Su Huang".

Su Shi's poems have a wide range of themes, including travel notes, nostalgia, gifts, farewells, and reasoning. He also broke through the strict constraints of music and promoted the development of poems. Famous works include "Nian Nujiao", "Shui Diao Ge Tou", etc., which pioneered the bold style of poetry, and was called "Su Xin" together with Xin Qiji.

Su Shi's prose is full of unbridled arguments, and his narrative structure is rigorous and clear. For example, "The Story of Shizhong Mountain" and "The Story of Fanghe Pavilion" are both recited together with "Chibi Ode" and "Hou Chibi Ode". Famous articles. Together with Ouyang Xiu, he is also known as "Ou Su" and is one of the "Eight Masters of Ancient Prose in the Tang and Song Dynasties". Literary thought emphasizes "doing something for something", advocating nature, getting rid of constraints, "creating new ideas in laws and regulations, and sending wonderful principles out of boldness". Committed to promoting underachievers, Huang Tingjian, Qin Guan, etc. all came from his disciples.

Su Shi was also good at running and regular script, and together with Huang Tingjian, Mi Fu and Cai Xiang, he was known as the "Four Masters of Song Dynasty". He studied famous masters of Jin, Tang and Five Dynasties, and gained influence from Wang Sengqian, Li Yong, Xu Hao, Yan Zhenqing and Yang Ningshi, and became his own family. Zi said: "I can't create my own calligraphy"; another said: "I come up with new ideas and do not follow the ancients." Huang Tingjian said: "In his early years, he was very good at using the pen, but he was not as good as the boss who gradually approached nature"; another said: "When he arrived in Huangzhou Later, his strokes were extremely powerful. "In his later years, he had the momentum of overseas turbulence, and his knowledge, broadmindedness, and knowledge were outstanding, and he experienced many ups and downs in his life. His calligraphy style is full of ups and downs, innocent and vast. You can imagine his calligraphy by looking at it. As a person. At that time, his brothers and nephews You, Mai, and Guo, and his friends Wang Dingguo and Zhao Lingju all learned from him; later historical celebrities such as Li Gang, Han Shizhong, Lu You, Wu Kuan in the Ming Dynasty, and Zhang Zhi in the Qing Dynasty Dong, also learned from him, which shows the great influence.

Su Shi painted ink bamboo under the guidance of Wen, which was simpler and more vigorous than Wen, and had the potential to dance. Mi Fu said that he "made black bamboo from the ground to the top." I asked: Why not divide it section by section? He said: When the bamboo is growing, how can it grow section by section? , The curves are unprovoked; the stones are hard and cracked, and they are also strange and unprovoked, just like the depression in the chest. "It can be seen that his paintings are very imaginative and have far-reaching ideas. He has outstanding opinions on calligraphy and painting, and his influence on painting is even more far-reaching.

For example, we attach great importance to spiritual resemblance, advocate that there is emotion outside the painting, and that the painting should have sustenance, oppose resemblance in form, and oppose the constraints of formula, advocate "the original uniformity of poetry and painting, natural craftsmanship and freshness", and clearly put forward the concept of "scholar painting", etc., which will be followed by " The development of "literati painting" has established a theoretical foundation. The extant writings include "Poems about Cold Food in Huangzhou", "Ode to Chibi", "Essays in Appreciation to the Civil Teachers" and "Jidaowen in Honor of Huangzhou", etc. Among the surviving paintings are "Scroll of Ancient Trees and Strange Rocks"; and "Scroll of Bamboos and Stones of Xiaoxiang" discovered in recent years must also be his work. His poems include "Dongpo Seven Collections", and his lyrics include "Dongpo Yuefu" and so on. Wang Wenhao of the Qing Dynasty published "Collection of Su Wenzhonggong's Poems Compiled and Annotated".

Su Shi (1037-1101), courtesy name Zizhan and Dongpo Jushi, was a native of Meishan, Sichuan. He was an outstanding writer, calligrapher and painter in the Northern Song Dynasty. Together with his father Su Xun and his younger brother Su Zhe, he was also known as the "Three Sus". . Su Shi became a Jinshi at the age of 21. During the Shenzong period, he served in Fengxiang, Hangzhou, Mizhou, Xuzhou, Huzhou and other places. In the third year of Yuanfeng (1080), he was framed for the "Wutai Poetry Case" and was demoted to Huangzhou as deputy envoy of Tuanlian. He spent more than four years in Huangzhou and cultivated wasteland on the east slope of the city, so he called himself "Dongpo Jushi". . After Zhezong came to the throne, he served as a bachelor of the Hanlin Academy, a bachelor of attendance, and a minister of the Ministry of Rites. He also went to Hangzhou, Yingzhou, Yangzhou, Dingzhou and other places. In his later years, he was demoted to Huizhou and Danzhou. Amnesty returned to the north. He died of illness in Changzhou on the way and was buried in Jiaxian County, Henan Province. He was posthumously named Wenzhong Gong.

While serving as local governor, Su Shi cared about the sufferings of the people, did many good things to benefit the people, and was deeply supported by the people. Su Shi was an erudite and talented essayist. He was one of the Eight Great Masters of the Tang and Song Dynasties. His literary works marked the highest achievement of literary creation in the Northern Song Dynasty. Su Shi was a famous poet. He and the famous poet Huang Tingjian of the Song Dynasty were also called "Su Huang". Su Shi As an outstanding poet, he pioneered a bold style of poetry. Together with the outstanding poet Xin Qiji, he was called "Su Xin" and had a great influence on later generations; Su Shi is a famous calligrapher. He, together with Huang Tingjian, Mi Fu, Cai Xiang is also known as the "Four Artists of the Song Dynasty"; Su Shi is also a famous painter. In addition, important achievements have been made in farmland water conservancy, education, music, medicine, mathematics, epigraphy, aesthetics, cooking, etc.