The muscles of the lower leg are mainly divided into posterior, lateral, and anterior-lateral muscle groups. The posterior muscle group mainly consists of superficial gastrocnemius and soleus muscles, and their tendinous tissues make up the Achilles tendon stopping at the posterior side of the heel bone, and the deeper muscles are tibialis posterior muscle, longissimus dorsi and bunion flexor, the tendinous tissues of these muscles pass through the inner ankle, stopping at the bottom of the foot and toes, and play a role in the toes folding plantarflexion and inversion of the foot. The lateral muscles are the peroneus longus and peroneus brevis, which end at the plantar surface of the foot to stabilize the foot in pronation. The anterolateral muscle group is mainly the third peroneus brevis, extensor digitorum longus, extensor hallucis longus and tibialis anterior muscle, which mainly dominate the role of the toes to be dorsiflexed and turned out.
Refers to the section of a person's lower limb from the hip to the knee, also called the femur. The thigh, the upper part of the leg, connects the calf with the knee. Conversely the calf, the lower part of the leg, connects the thigh with the knee.
1 Iliopsoas muscle: definition iliopsoas (qià) lumbar muscle consists of iliacus and psoas major. The iliopsoas muscle is fan-shaped and originates from the iliac fossa; the psoas major muscle is long and originates from the side of the lumbar vertebral body and transverse process. The two muscles merge downward, passing through the deep surface of the inguinal ligament and ending at the lesser trochanter of the femur. Role: proximal support, its tension is from the lower upward front, contraction can make the thigh flexion, in running whether the thigh can quickly swing forward and high lifting and the iliopsoas muscle contraction speed and strength has a great relationship. And in the distal support, both sides of the iliopsoas muscle contraction at the same time, so that the trunk forward flexion and pelvis forward, and for running the body center of gravity actively forward to complete the lifting of the leg downward movement so as to obtain the forward speed to create a good condition.
2. Gluteus medius: The gluteus medius is located in the deep surface of the gluteus maximus muscle, starting from the lateral iliac crest and ending at the greater trochanter of the femur. Its innervation originates from the superior gluteal nerve of L4 and 5S1. This muscle can abduct and internally rotate the thigh when contracted, and is one of the main abductor muscles of the hip. When standing on one foot, this muscle can ensure the stability of the pelvis in the horizontal aspect, which is very important for maintaining people's normal standing and walking functions.
4. Stitchers' muscle: Stitchers' muscle is in the shape of a flat band, which is the longest muscle in the human body, starting from the anterior superior iliac spine, slanting inward and downward, passing through the medial side of the knee joint, and ending at the medial side of the upper end of the tibia. There may be 5 to 13 arteries in each of the cremaster muscles, with an average of 7.6, which are roughly evenly distributed throughout the muscle. The cremaster muscle is a slender thigh muscle that flexes the leg and is responsible for lifting and lowering the knee in conjunction with the planking motion. Function: Hip flexion, knee flexion, external rotation and abduction of the thigh, internal rotation of the calf. Starting and ending points: anterior superior iliac spine - tibial tuberosity, starts from the bony surface in front of and below the anterior superior iliac spine with an inconspicuous narrow tendon, travels downward and inward to the medial aspect of the femur, crosses over the knee a little posterior to the axis of joint motion, turns anteriorly below the knee and forms a flat, thin tendon, mostly above and anterior to the femoral thinning muscle and semitendinosus muscle. ***The same forms the goosefoot terminating on the medial aspect of the upper part of the tibial body. It partly migrates to the knee capsule and the deep fascia of the medial calf. The length of the muscle is 50 cm, the muscle belly is 2 cm wide and 5 mm thick