Glutinous rice is an annual herb with a height of about1m. Culms erect, cylindrical. Leaf sheaths are as long as internodes, and the lower ones are longer than internodes. The ligule is membranous, hard, long and narrow, and lanceolate, and both sides of the base extend downward to combine with the edge of the leaf sheath. Leaf blade flat-lanceolate, 25 to 60cm long and 5 to 15mm wide, with obvious auricles when young.
Panicle loose glume is often rough, spikelet oblong, usually brownish purple, degenerated lemma spiny, fertile lemma with 5 veins, fine hair, awned or awnless. Inner scales are 3 veined with fine hairs, lodicule 2, ovoid, stamens 6. Style 2 has a brush-like stigma, which protrudes from both sides of the floret. The caryopsis is smooth, full, slightly round, white in color, and sticky after cooking, so it is the first choice for making zongzi.
Variety resources of glutinous rice
Glutinous rice is widely distributed in China, and varieties of glutinous rice that meet the needs of local geography and market environment have been bred in all major rice areas. The northern rice areas are mainly japonica glutinous rice, generally late rice, which is cold-tolerant and drought-tolerant; There are many varieties of glutinous rice in southern China, especially in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River and Fujian, with a high yield, generally exceeding 500kg/667m2.
Yunnan, Guizhou and Hanzhong, Shaanxi are rich in resources due to their special geographical and cultural environment, including many special rice. However, due to the geographical environment, the yield is generally not high, and there are few varieties with a yield of more than 500kg/667m2. Other outstanding characteristics are tolerance to shade, cold and lodging.
The breeding of special and special glutinous rice is concentrated in the lower reaches of the Yangtze River, and it has diversity and pertinence, such as sake rice, health colored rice, giant embryo glutinous rice and fragrant glutinous rice with many excellent characters.
The above contents refer to Baidu Encyclopedia-Glutinous Rice.