Hello, I am Weinong. I am very happy to answer this question raised by the questioner.

Regarding the question raised by the questioner about what hormone regulators are beneficial to flower bud differentiation, Weinong believes that whether it is flowers, grass or fruit trees, their vegetative growth must first reach a certain basis under standardized work management. On the other hand, vegetative growth and reproductive growth are balanced, the seedling potential is stable, the accumulation of nutrients in the body reaches a certain level, and the flower buds will differentiate normally under suitable conditions such as temperature, light, temperature difference, water and fertilizer.

As for the use of hormone regulators, it can only be used as an auxiliary remedial measure when the flower bud differentiation is not ideal, or when the apple tree is too prosperous and the flower bud differentiation is too little. If the apple tree blooms normally, there is no need to apply hormone regulators. Farmer Wei grows apple trees, so I would like to use apple trees as an example to answer the question raised by the questioner.

1. Standardized and meticulous work to cultivate moderately strong apple trees and promote normal differentiation of flower buds.

First, pay attention to soil management and apply fertilizer and water scientifically and rationally. Only fertile and loose soil can grow strong apple trees. Therefore, scientific and reasonable fertilization and watering should be carried out according to the nutrient requirements for the growth of apple trees. Fruit farmers have summarized their experience in fertilizing with nitrogen, potassium, potassium in August, and organic fertilizers in October.

According to this experience, when applying base fertilizer in late autumn and early winter every year, it should be mainly decomposed farmyard manure or organic fertilizer, combined with biological bacterial fertilizer and compound fertilizer to provide growth and nutrition for apple trees. Accumulation provides comprehensive nutrients. Then, when the apple tree flower bud differentiation reaches the critical point in June, top-dress high-phosphorus compound fertilizer or high-phosphorus water-soluble fertilizer, and spray potassium dihydrogen phosphate on the leaves to promote flower bud differentiation.

While fertilizing, pay attention to watering to keep the orchard soil moist. Through reasonable fertilization and watering, it can not only fertilize the soil and increase soil organic matter, but more importantly, it can balance vegetative growth and reproductive growth and stabilize tree vigor. Because the new shoots of vigorous apple trees cannot form flower buds, only when the new shoots are close to stopping but have not stopped growing can flower buds differentiate.

The second is scientific and reasonable pruning to promote flower bud differentiation. On the basis of paying attention to soil management and scientific and reasonable fertilization and watering, we must also pay attention to pruning, break the sealing of the crown, open up light paths, improve the permeability of the apple crown, and facilitate the differentiation of apple tree flower buds. This means combining winter pruning with summer pruning to remove excessive competing branches, overlapping branches, crossing branches, and diseased and insect-infested branches in the crown. At the same time, combined with the specific tree situation, try to cut as little as possible and plant as long as possible. Especially when pruning in the summer, try to use your hands as much as possible and cut as little as possible. Through measures such as pulling branches, rolling branches, twisting, and topping, the top advantage is eliminated, the light path is opened, the permeability of the crown is improved, the vegetative growth and reproductive growth are balanced, the tree vigor is stabilized, and it is conducive to the flower bud differentiation of apple trees.

Third, in addition to the above two aspects, we must also pay attention to the prevention and control of pests and diseases, the growth of grass in the orchard, the thinning of flowers and fruits, etc., in order to promote the differentiation of flower buds. For example, growing grass in the orchard can retain water and fertilizer, and improve the microclimate of the orchard; preventing and controlling diseases and insect pests can not only protect the leaves, but also help improve the photosynthesis of the leaves, promote the differentiation of flower buds, and improve the quality and quality of apples.

Another example is flower and fruit thinning: Only by paying attention to careful flower and fruit thinning and reasonable load can we reduce the consumption of nutrients and avoid the phenomenon of big and small years. Especially in the new year, it is necessary to thin flowers early and increase the number of fruits. Thinning the fruit, leaving as few fruits as possible, and loading them reasonably can gradually change the phenomenon of large and small annuals and increase the differentiation rate of annual flower buds.

2. On the basis of the above, the use of hormone regulators and manual intervention can be considered.

First, for some overgrown apple trees, while reducing the amount of nitrogen fertilizer, watering less, and pruning, you can spray an appropriate amount of paclobutrazol during the flower bud differentiation period to delay plant growth. The agent can promote it to increase the flower bud differentiation rate and produce as many flowers as possible.

Secondly, for apple trees in big years, on the basis of paying attention to sparing more flowers and less fruit, reasonable loading, trying to increase the number of flower buds in young years and improving the quality of flower buds, you can also spray to promote flower bud differentiation. Growth regulators, such as cytokinins, abscisic acid, etc., are used to promote flower bud differentiation of apple trees, promote flowering and fruiting in young years, and gradually change the phenomenon of large and small years.

In addition, if you want to inhibit the differentiation of flower buds in the small years of apple trees, you can water more to increase soil moisture content, apply more nitrogen fertilizer, and retain as many fruits as possible. You can also spray gibberellin, etc. to inhibit Flower buds differentiate, reducing the amount of blooms in big years.

In summary.

If you want to increase the differentiation rate of flower buds and achieve more flowers and fruits when planting apple trees, you must first standardize the work, properly fertilize and water, prune scientifically, and cultivate moderately strong apple trees, and then cooperate with careful and conscientious work. Only by preventing and controlling pests and diseases, growing weeds in the orchard, thinning flowers and fruits, etc. can the flower buds of apple trees differentiate, and the apple trees will surely bloom and bear fruit normally. As for hormone regulators, it can only be an auxiliary measure. It is an artificial intervention measure that is only considered when the apple tree cannot bloom normally, or when the flower buds have less differentiation. It can only play a supporting role.

The above are Wei Nong’s personal opinions and are for reference only. Criticisms and corrections are welcome.

Hormone regulators are what we call plant growth regulators. There are some differences in the specific classifications. I am a mango planting base. Every year, it takes a lot of effort to make the mangoes bloom normally. The power of two tigers. Reasonable use of hormones and plant growth regulators at each stage will prompt the mango branches to stop growing in time, accumulate sufficient nutrients in the tree, and promote flower bud differentiation under the influence of external conditions (weather, low temperature, soil moisture, etc.) . Controlling the growth and flowering of mangoes through plant growth regulators is a very effective technical measure in the process of mango planting. The most commonly used ones are ethephon and paclobutrazol. Let me share with you the specific information of hormone regulators:

Ethephon is one of the essential chemicals on mango. The core medicine in mango root control is more effective than any other "magic medicine" if you know how to use it, because there is no shortcut to mango hair control.

After spraying ethephon on the leaves, the tree will slowly decompose and release ethylene after absorption, which can regulate plant growth and development. For example: Guangxi mango production areas generally start spraying ethephon with a concentration of 0.025% on the leaves in November. This means that each bucket of water (15 kg) is mixed with about 8 ml of ethephon. The leaves can be sprayed every 10 to 15 days. Spray once on the surface, and spray the number of times continuously according to the condition of the tree. After spraying ethephon, if you encounter warm winter weather, the late autumn or early winter shoots of the mango tree must be wiped out promptly. You can spray the leaves 1 to 2 times before the big cold season. Generally, this will suffice. The mango tree bloomed normally in spring. (For those in Hainan, you can read my article, which introduces the specific situation of Hainan mango to promote flower bud differentiation)

The situation of paclobutrazol:

A long time ago, mango trees were cut through "circulation" "Technology is used to control tree shoots, which is what we call cutting down trees a few times. The actual effect will definitely be there. However, for large-area mango cultivation, this operation method is really difficult to control and requires a lot of manpower. It was not until paclobutrazol appeared later.

Paclobutrazol is a plant growth regulator widely used on mangoes in recent years with low toxicity, short residue period, low residue amount and obvious effect. It can inhibit the biosynthesis of gibberellin in plants, thereby inhibiting the vegetative growth of fruit trees, and at the same time, it can promote the flowering and fruiting of mangoes. According to experiments, when burying anthers in mid-September, 15 to 20 grams of paclobutrazol with an active ingredient of 15% was used on 4-year-old ivory mangoes per plant. Although it can effectively promote flowering, the new ones produced by the extraction will The tips and flower spikes are shortened. If about 6 to 8 grams of powdered paclobutrazol is used per plant, it can effectively promote flowering. At the same time, it is found that the new shoots, leaves, and flower spikes produced are normal and there is no shrinkage.

Plant growth regulators are a double-edged sword. If used well, they can turn the tide for you. If it is used improperly, especially if it is excessively used, it will be difficult for you to withstand the damage caused in the end.

Hormonal regulators that are good for flower bud differentiation are not good for leaf growth. Only when leaf differentiation is suppressed can mature fruit trees bloom under the influence of climate and other conditions.

Hormones that are beneficial to flower bud differentiation include paclobutrazol, ethephon, cytokinin, cyanin, chlormequat, biju, mesoquatin, regulatory phosphorus, plasticine, etc. These plant growth inhibitors and growth retardants can slow down plant cell division and cell elongation, inhibit excessive growth, and stimulate flower bud differentiation.

Regulators that are beneficial to flower bud differentiation mainly include gibberellins.

Characteristics of gibberellin:

Gibberellin is a kaurene compound and a broad-spectrum plant growth regulator. Natural endogenous gibberellins are commonly found in plants and are one of the important hormones that promote plant growth and development.

1. Application technology

Usage methods: spray, soak, dip, and smear.

Techniques used:

1. Break dormancy and promote germination.

2. Promote the growth of vegetative bodies.

3. Promote fruit setting.

4. Delay aging and preserve freshness.

5. Regulate flowering, such as:

(1) Cucumber - Spray 1-2 times with 50-100 mg/L gibberellin solution at the 1-leaf stage to induce female flowers form.

(2) Strawberry - 2 weeks before flower bud differentiation, spray the leaves once with 25-50 mg/L gibberellin solution, or 2 weeks before flowering, use 10-20 mg/L gibberellin solution Spraying leaves with vegetarian liquid twice, 5 days apart, can promote flower bud differentiation, pedicel elongation, and early flowering.

(3) Cabbage - Spray seedlings with 100-1000 mg/L gibberellin solution at the seedling stage, which can promote flower bud differentiation, early flowering and early fruiting.

6. Improve the seed setting rate of three-line hybrid rice seed production.

7. Mix gibberellins with other substances.

2. Precautions

1. Gibberellin is acidic, so do not mix it with alkaline drugs.

2. Gibberellin is easy to decompose and lose effectiveness when exposed to water, so it should be prepared as needed.

3. Gibberellin is used as a growth promoter and should be used with foliar fertilizer to facilitate the formation of strong seedlings. Single use or excessive dosage will cause side effects such as slender, thin plants and inhibition of rooting.

4. Gibberellins used as fruit-setting agents should be used under conditions of sufficient water and fertilizer. Cytokinins can extend the applicable period of gibberellins and improve their application effects.

First of all, flower bud differentiation requires three basic conditions.

1. Fruit trees must have a certain basis for the growth of branches and leaves, and a certain amount of vegetative growth.

2. The cells at the growing point must be in a state of slow division, that is, neither the vigorously growing new shoots nor the completely stopped growth can form flower buds, only the new shoots are close to stopping but have not yet stopped growing. time is conducive to flower bud differentiation. It can be seen that the primary task in promoting flower bud differentiation in cultivation is to moderate the growth potential of branches.

3. The accumulation of nutrients in the body needs to reach a certain level. In addition to the above-mentioned internal factors, suitable environmental conditions are conducive to promoting flower bud differentiation, such as sufficient light, suitable temperature and day and night temperature difference, appropriate drought, etc.

After meeting the above conditions, we can perform manual intervention.

1. For trees or saplings that have grown too vigorously, we can spray a certain amount of plant growth retardant such as paclobutrazol (PP333) during the flower bud induction period, which can increase the number of flower bud differentiation.

2. For large-year fruit trees, flower and fruit thinning measures can increase the number and quality of flower buds in small years; spray growth regulators that promote flower bud differentiation (cytokinin, abscisic acid, B9, paclobutrazol , ethylene). Inhibit flower bud differentiation, irrigate more, apply more nitrogen fertilizer, and retain more fruits.

3. Spraying plant growth regulators that promote growth, such as gibberellin and auxin substances, can inhibit flower bud differentiation and reduce the number of flowers in the second year.

The subject wants to use hormone regulators to speed up the flower bud differentiation of crops, which are common in commercial crops. Because in production, we need to advance the flowering period, and we hope that the flowering period of the plants will be relatively concentrated, which is conducive to the concentrated ripening of the fruits. This is very important for large-scale planting and facilitates concentrated sales of fruits. There are many hormone regulators available on the market, such as gibberellins, brassinolides, etc., and the applications of these two regulators are also relatively common.

Here we take brassinolide as an example. Brassinolide, also known as brassinosteroid, is a type of plant growth regulator. Common ones on our market include 0.01% emulsion, 0.02% soluble liquid, and 0.04% water. Because the price of brassinolide is relatively expensive, many ordinary farmers basically do not use brassinolide as a plant regulator to improve crop growth, so many people are still unaware of the role of brassinolide.

Brassinolide can be used in the seedling stage, flowering stage, and fruit setting stage of crops. What we should note here is that brassinolide is generally better used in the seedling stage, but its use in the fruit stage may cause some bad situations. For example, watermelon planting may lead to cracked melons. For application of brassinolide in the seedling stage, it can improve the resistance of seedlings, such as cold resistance, disease resistance, etc. Applying during the seedling stage can better cultivate strong seedlings and also help the flower bud differentiation of crops.

For example, when I plant strawberries, I will spray gibberellin regulator after transplanting the strawberries to improve the resistance of the strawberry crops, speed up the growth of the strawberry plants, and promote the growth of the strawberry seedlings. Flower bud differentiation. However, when we use biological regulators, we must pay attention to controlling the spray concentration of the agents. This is very important. For our strawberry cultivation, if the spraying concentration is high, the inflorescence will be too long, and finally the fruits will hang at the bottom of the furrow. This is not conducive to later field management, nor is it conducive to tourists entering the shed to pick fruits.

There are many ways to apply brassinolide. In order to reflect the powerful regulatory effect of brassinolide, combined with potassium dihydrogen phosphate, clofenuron and other compound methods, it can better benefit crops. grow.

What hormone regulator is beneficial to flower bud differentiation?

I am happy to answer this question for you!

During the growth and development period, plants will continuously secrete some phytohormones to promote the growth and development of their various organs and carry out the germination and differentiation of flower buds. For example, the six main hormones in plants are: Auxin (promotes plant morphology (promote the elongation and growth of stems, flowers, etc.), cytokinin (promote the differentiation of leaves, flowers and other organs at the growing point), gibberellin (promote the elongation and growth of stems, flowers, etc.), abscisic acid (promote the senescence of leaves, flowers and other organs) abscission), ethylene (promotes fruit development and ripening), brassinosteroids (promotes elongation and division of tissues and organs). Of course, there are other types of plant hormones, but their content is extremely low and their promoting effect is not very obvious, so they are not considered.

Because most of the hormones in plants cannot be directly synthesized artificially, artificially synthesized regulators are produced by taking advantage of the effects of phytohormones on plants. They have similar effects to their hormones and can be used according to the needs of agricultural production. It is required to be used in small amounts and with high efficiency, and the benefits produced are also good. It is currently used in a wide range of areas. As for hormone regulators that can promote flower bud differentiation, growth retardants and regulators such as cytokinins, gibberellins, and ethylene can generally be used. There are many on the market, such as paclobutrazol, Biju, chlormequat, and Cytokinins, etc. can be used. For details, you can ask your local agricultural supply store.

In addition, although hormone regulators are widely used to promote flower bud differentiation, they are also used to regulate some slow-growing or vigorous fruit trees. There is no need for normal growth, because it is not just regulators that affect flower bud differentiation. On the one hand, the most important thing is to increase the vigor of the tree by adding cultivation measures and management methods.

What other different views or opinions do you have on this? Welcome to leave a message to share and discuss with us!

Flower bud differentiation is divided into physiological differentiation stage and morphological differentiation stage. The physiological differentiation period is mainly the process and result of the synergistic interaction of nutrients, hormone regulatory substances, genetic materials, etc. that accumulate to form flower buds. It is the process from quantitative change to qualitative change of various substances in the growth point cell group. Morphological differentiation lays the material foundation. At this time, the leaf bud growth point tissue has not yet undergone morphological differentiation. Morphological differentiation stage: Before and after the completion of physiological differentiation, under the influence of hormones in the plant and internal and external conditions such as sunlight and temperature, the material metabolism of leaf primordia and the tissue morphology of the growth points begin to change, and flower buds and leaf buds can gradually be distinguished. This enters The morphological differentiation stage of flower buds begins, and the calyx, petals, pistils, and pistils are gradually developed. The development of the entire flower organ is not completed until flowering. The flower bud differentiation period usually refers to the morphological differentiation period.

There are two main types of plant growth regulators. One is growth regulators that promote flower bud differentiation, such as cytokinin, abscisic acid, paclobutrazol, ethylene, etc. The other type can inhibit flower bud differentiation and reduce the number of flowers in the second year, such as gibberellin and auxin substances.

The most widely used and safe method now is paclobutrazol. The main function of paclobutrazol is to inhibit the biosynthesis of gibberellin in the plant and the longitudinal elongation of cells, thus inhibiting summer and winter shoots. Waiting for the sprouting of new shoots; and improving photosynthetic efficiency, thereby increasing the accumulation of organic carbohydrates in the fruit tree, which is beneficial to the deep differentiation of plant flower buds and the expression of flower bud morphology.

Paclobutrazol is suitable for orchards with strong tree vigor, medium to upper tree vigor, less fruit bearing, sufficient fertilizer and water, mature autumn shoots before mid-October, and many and thick autumn shoots. It is not recommended for use in orchards with drought, weak trees, and heavy fruit bearing.

The usage concentration of paclobutrazol is 500-750ppm, that is, 400 kilograms of water is mixed with 650g-1000g of 15% paclobutrazol. Adjust according to the actual situation of each orchard and your own experience. Spray paclobutrazol to control shoots and promote flowering. The leaves inside and outside the whole fruit tree, especially the backs of the leaves, should be sprayed wet. Spray again after 20 days. Especially after rain, paclobutrazol must be sprayed in time to control the hairiness of winter shoots to ensure the smooth progress of plant flower bud differentiation.

Warm reminder: Long-term use of such growth regulators will risk accelerating plant decline.

Regulators that promote flower bud differentiation are collectively called plant growth regulators. The function of growth regulators is to change the endogenous hormone levels of plants to achieve the purpose of inhibiting and promoting plant growth.

Currently commonly used plant growth regulators include paclobutrazol, brassinoids, gibberellic acid (920), chlormequat, benzylaminopurine and so on.

Before using these regulators, you must first understand their characteristics, because their functions are different. The function of paclobutrazol is to promote tillering, the function of brassin is to promote growth, and the function of gibberellic acid is It promotes fruits and increases the number of flowers. The function of chlormequat is to control growth and make the plants compact. The function of benzylaminopurine is to enlarge fruits and reduce fruit cracking.

Ethylin or gibberellin can be used to control crop growth and gender. In the seedling stage (2-4) leaf stage of cucumbers, pumpkins and other melon vegetables, 100-200ppm of ethylene Spraying can produce early female flowers and multiple female flowers. If treated with 50-100ppm gibberellin, male flowers can be increased and flower buds of various crops can be differentiated.