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Legend of the lantern festival
How to make Yuanxiao?
Lantern Festival traditional food
Legend of the lantern festival
Legend has it that a long time ago, there were many fierce birds and beasts everywhere that hurt people and livestock, so people organized to defeat them. A god bird was trapped and landed on the earth, but was accidentally shot by an unsuspecting hunter. The Emperor of Heaven was very angry when he learned that. He immediately issued a decree, ordering the heavenly soldiers to set fire to the land on the fifteenth day of the first month, burning all the people, livestock and property. The daughter of the Emperor of Heaven is kind-hearted. She couldn't bear to see the innocent suffering of the people, so she risked her life and secretly rushed Xiangyun to the world to tell people the news. When people heard the news, it was like a blow to the head. I'm so scared that I don't know what to do. After a long time, an old man came up with an idea. He said: "On the 14th, 15th and 16th of the first month, every family decorated their houses, set off firecrackers and set off fireworks. In this way, the emperor will think that people have been burned to death. "
Everyone nodded and said yes, and they were ready to go separately. On the night of the fifteenth day of the first month, the emperor looked down and found that for three consecutive nights, the world was red and the noise was deafening. He thought it was the flame of a big fire, and soon. In this way, people saved their lives and property. In order to commemorate this success, every household hangs lanterns and sets off fireworks on the fifteenth day of the first month to commemorate this day.
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How to make Yuanxiao?
Since the Ming and Qing Dynasties, the Lantern Festival has reached its peak, and the lighting is not only varied, but also technically perfect. The material is extremely exquisite, from bamboo and grass skeleton to metal layout, fine wood carving, gold lacquer inlay, glass painting and many other types. Its shapes are different, with eight doors and five flowers. Such as hexagonal palace lanterns, tower lanterns, festive auspicious lanterns, birds and animals lanterns, peaceful and interesting lanterns, pavilions and scenic lanterns, etc.
It is said that every time the Lantern Festival comes, I will be completely beaten by my hand. The fire tree and silver flowers in the Forbidden City in Beijing are magnificent and unprecedented. The imperial court also set up the Aoshan pillar lamp in front of the noon gate for the emperor to play with. At that time, it was revealed that there were special scenic spots in Beijing for dignitaries, nobles and citizens to enjoy lanterns during the Spring Festival. Yao once wrote in the novel Li Zicheng that during the Chongzhen period in the late Ming Dynasty, several streets in Beijing were filled with light markets, from the eighth day to the seventeenth day of the first month, with fairs during the day and light shows at night. Enjoy the lanterns all night, set off fireworks, look at colorful buildings on the street, embroider households with bamboo doors and draw carved beams. Colored lights hung high, folk flower shows, crowded men and women, a sea of people, very dignified.
The Lantern Festival in Qing Dynasty is even more spectacular. Beijing held a lantern festival, and even Empress Dowager Cixi went to the Summer Palace to enjoy the lanterns. People like to play solve riddles on the lanterns, yangko and lion dance, and enjoy the night of the Lantern Festival. Colorful entertainment activities make people have fun. According to "Yanjing Age", the grand occasion of the Lantern Festival at that time was "silver fire tree, Guanghua shines on people's information. Those who first notice the nude screen and then become tolerant. , horses and chariots, songs and music. " It can be seen how lively the Lantern Festival in old Beijing is and how extraordinary the scene is. There is an old saying in the ancient capital called "Lantern Festival, Mid-Autumn Festival", which says that the Lantern Festival in Beijing's history left a deep impression on people.
Speaking of eating Yuanxiao, it has a history of 1200 years. At first, people used a kind of "rice porridge pot paste" to eat. Later, they hung glutinous rice flour to make stuffing jiaozi, which was shaped like a full moon and as white as a syndicate. When people eat Yuanxiao, they sacrifice to heaven, which means sweet and beautiful, round and round. This custom is very popular all over the country, but the custom of eating Yuanxiao varies from place to place. For example, Shaanxi likes Yuanxiao tea, Yunnan likes bean noodles, Henan eats jujube cakes, and Jiangnan is glutinous rice.
Beijingers pay attention to eating, while jiaozi is mainly sweet, and the variety of stuffing is unbearable. The Lantern Festival in old Beijing is extremely grand, with all kinds of flowers flourishing, and festivals are held in temple fairs, among which playing riddles is the most popular project, and many entertainment occasions set puzzles on lanterns. At first, it was in the form of oral guessing, and later it was processed into a lantern riddle by the author of the classics. There are answers to various sentences, idioms, proverbs, people and place names, which are very popular. This interesting behavior has become a kind of holiday happiness for citizens, which has been popular for 500 years from the Southern Song Dynasty to the Qing Dynasty.
Lantern Festival is also the best time to make friends and communicate. Women who didn't go out before can't go shopping casually, but now they can spend the Lantern Festival freely. There is also a folk custom that the new wife will go back to her parents' home for a few days during the Lantern Festival, which is called "hiding lanterns", so the fifteenth day of the first month is another good day for family reunion.
Watching lanterns and playing with the moon, eating Yuanxiao and visiting temple fairs have become a major folk tradition. Until June and July of the last century, Beijing will hold a lantern show on the fifteenth day of the first month. Although some traditions have changed now, the custom of eating Yuanxiao has not changed.
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Lantern Festival traditional food
tangyuan
On the Lantern Festival, people in the south eat glutinous rice balls, which are called Yuanxiao in the north, mainly to pray for family reunion. The glutinous rice used to make glutinous rice balls is flat in nature and sweet in taste, and has the functions of tonifying deficiency, regulating blood, invigorating spleen and appetizing, benefiting qi and stopping diarrhea, warming middle warmer, promoting fluid production and moistening dryness. At the beginning of the Song and Yuan Dynasties, glutinous rice balls had become the festival food of the Lantern Festival, so people also called them "Yuanxiao".
According to the theory of stuffing, Yuanxiao can be divided into two types: stuffed, salty, sweet, meaty and vegetarian. According to the production methods, there are many kinds, such as hand rubbing, Yuanxiao mechanism, bamboo plaque roll and so on. According to different milling, there are glutinous rice flour and sorghum rice flour.
Lettuce; lettuce
Cantonese people like to "steal" lettuce and cook it with cakes during the Lantern Festival. It is said that this kind of food represents good luck. Guangdong people are calm and down-to-earth, and have good intentions for festivals. Lettuce, which is most commonly used in festive occasions such as the opening of new stores, is also an essential holiday product for the Lantern Festival. Lettuce, often a common vegetable on the dining table in the south, is homophonic with "getting rich", so it is also regarded as a festive thing symbolizing wealth and good fortune.
tea-oil tree
Eating at the Lantern Festival night, the ground said "fifteen flat, sixteen yuan", one day to eat jiaozi, one day to eat Yuanxiao; In mountainous areas, it is "15 dozen camellia oleifera, 16 pinch flat grain". As the saying goes, "ten miles are different." Making tea is to stir tea noodles with chopsticks to make camellia oleifera, also called noodle tea.
Oil hammer
During the Southern and Northern Dynasties, rice porridge or bean porridge was used as the festival food for the Lantern Festival. However, this kind of food is mainly used for sacrifice, not holiday food. Until the Tang Dynasty, Zheng's Record of Chefs recorded: "Go on a diet in the middle of the year and get rid of the oil hammer." According to the records in Tai Ping Guang Ji, Lu Shi Miscellaneous Notes and Guru Order, the method of making oil hammer is similar to that of frying Yuanxiao in later generations. Some people call it "the pearl in oil painting".
Chinese dumpling
On the fifteenth day of the first month, northerners have the habit of eating jiaozi, while people in Henan have the custom and tradition of "fifteen flats and sixteen circles" for Lantern Festival, so they should eat jiaozi on the fifteenth day of the first month. Jiaozi is a folk food with a long history and is deeply loved by people. There is a folk saying "delicious but not as good as jiaozi".
Jujube paste cake
People in western Henan like to eat jujube cakes on the Lantern Festival, which means good luck. Jujube cake was originally the imperial cake of Qing Dynasty. It is sweet and fragrant, and contains vitamin C, protein, calcium, iron, vitamins and other nutrients, which can not only replenish the spleen and stomach, but also benefit qi and promote fluid production. It also has the functions of protecting the liver, increasing muscle strength, beautifying and preventing aging.
New Year cake; rice cake
Sticky cakes are also called rice cakes. Besides Yuanxiao and noodles, some people eat sticky cakes on the Lantern Festival. Sun Simiao, a famous doctor in the Tang Dynasty, wrote in Diet Therapy, "autotrophic rice is sweet, slightly cold, non-toxic, clearing heat and benefiting qi." After the Tang Dynasty, there were also records of eating cakes during the Lantern Festival in the Yuan Dynasty.
Face lamp
There is a custom handed down from the Han dynasty, that is, bean flour lanterns at 15 o'clock in the first month. Lantern is an auspicious lamp, which can drive away evil spirits and diseases. Therefore, squeezing bean flour lanterns on the fifteenth day of the first month is the common people's prayer for happiness and prosperity in the new year.
Bean dough
People in Kunming like to eat bean noodles, similar to Yuanxiao. Is to fry and grind the beans, then make them into balls and cook them with water. It tastes good.
Bad soup
Taizhou area eats rotten soup after watching lanterns on the fourteenth day of the first month every year. Stir-fry the soup with shredded pork, shredded winter bamboo shoots, mushrooms, fungus, fresh duck, dried bean curd, oil bubble, Sichuan bean board, spinach, etc. Add a little rice flour and cook it into a salty paste. The rotten soup drunk on the fifteenth day of the first month is sweet, made of sweet potato powder or lotus root powder with lotus seeds, candied dates and longan.
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Legends and stories related to the Lantern Festival:
★ Legend of Lantern Festival
★ Introduction to the origin and legend of Lantern Festival
★ The origin, legends and stories of Lantern Festival
★ What are the legendary stories of the Lantern Festival?
★ Legend and story introduction of Lantern Festival
★ Legends and stories about Lantern Festival
★ What are the legends and stories of the Lantern Festival?
★ The origin and legend of Lantern Festival
★ Legend of Lantern Festival
★ The origin and legend of Lantern Festival
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