What is capers like?
Capparis spinosa, also known as hemp pouch, water betel nut and purple betel nut. Contains capers sweet protein, which is mainly used for clearing away heat and toxic materials; Cough and phlegm; Regulating gas and stopping production; Remove blood stasis and stop bleeding. Main cold and fever; Phlegm-heat cough; Pertussis; Abdominal pain; Diarrhea and abdominal pain; Dyspepsia; Infant malnutrition; Hepatitis; Sore throat; Toothache; Sore; Laplace operator; Sore and swelling; Scalds and burns; Herpes zoster; Fall and get injured; Traumatic bleeding.
Morphology of Capparis
Shanbinglang
Shrubs or climbers. Branches slightly flat, reddish, densely covered with short villi; The thorns are thick, and there are often no thorns on the flower branches. The petiole is stout, with a length of 12 ~ 2 1 mm, and the coat is the same; Leaf blade elliptic or oblong, sometimes elliptic-lanceolate, 7 ~ 20cm long and 3.5 ~ 9cm wide, with rounded or obtuse tip, sometimes sharp or tapering, wide wedge-shaped base, nearly leathery, and densely colored short fluff on the back; The midvein is slightly wider, the surface is slightly concave, and the back is lavender convex. Submumbels are axillary and form panicles with a length of 10 ~ 20 cm at the branches. There are often abnormal leaflets in the inflorescence, and all parts are covered with rust-colored short villi. The umbel has 3 ~ 8 flowers, with a total flower length of 1-5 cm. Flowers white or pink; Sepals are 8 ~ 12 mm long and 5 ~ 8 mm wide. The outer surface is densely covered with rust-colored short fluff, and the petal length is12 ~15 mm. Both sides are covered with fluff. The upper two are wide, rectangular and obovate, and the lower two are narrow and rectangular. 40 ~ 50 stamens; Gynophore is 2 ~ 3 mm long; The ovary is ovoid with several longitudinal ribs and grooves on the surface. The fruit is spherical or nearly oval, 4 ~ 6 cm long and 4 ~ 5 cm in diameter. Mature and dry, it is purplish red and brown. On the surface, there are 4 ~ 8 ribs with a height of 3 ~ 6 mm perpendicular to the comb, and several beaks with a length of 15mm at the apex. Pedicel and pistil fruits are lignified and thickened, and the pericarp is hard and leathery, about 5 mm thick and purple; The number of seeds is above 10, about 1.8cm in length, about 1.5cm in width and about 1cm in height. Seed coat is purplish red and brown. The flowering period is from May to June, and the fruiting period is11~ 65438+February.
Water betel nut
Rattan shrub, more than 3 meters high. The old branches are smooth, and the tips of the young branches are densely covered with yellow-brown hairs. Simple leaves alternate; The leaves are oblong, ovoid or ovoid, 8-20 cm long, entire, dark green at the top, gray-green to yellowish brown at the bottom, with no hair on both sides, but the tender leaves are often densely covered with brown felt hairs; Petiole grooved, 2 stipules spiny, hard and bent downward. Flowers yellow, terminal or axillary, consisting of large panicles of umbrella-shaped or umbrella-shaped inflorescences; The total pedicel length is 1 ~ 4 cm, the petiole length is 1 ~ 2.5 cm, and it is densely covered with brown short hairs; Sepals in 4 or 2 whorls, broadly obovate, 1 ~ 2 cm long, with short brown hairs on both sides; 4 petals, obovate, long 1.3 ~ 1.7 cm, white pilose; Stamens are numerous; Ovary ovoid, ovary stalk 4 cm long, style not obvious. The fruit is spherical, about 4 ~ 8 cm in diameter, yellow-red, with irregular longitudinal wrinkles on the surface. A few seeds, yellow and white or scarlet. Flowers bloom in April. The fruiting period is 1 1 month. Born in a valley, a dense forest or a mountain stream. Distributed in Guangdong, Guangxi, Yunnan and other places.
caper
Climbing shrubs. The old branches are brown, and the young branches are densely covered with brown hair. Single leaf opposite; Having a short handle; The leaves are oval, 7 ~ 12 cm long and 4 ~ 7 cm wide, with blunt apex, wide wedge-shaped base, whole margin, bright green surface, fine hairs on the gray-green back, pinnate veins, protruding on both sides, and brown leaves after drying; Stipules sometimes become prickly.
White flowers; Calyx 4, arranged in two rounds; Petals 4, imbricate; Stamens are numerous; Ovary stalk thick, up to 3 cm long, woody. The fruit is ovoid or nearly spherical, up to 2 cm long, with shriveled exocarp, irregular edges and short thorns. Seeds dark brown or grayish brown. The flowering period is from March to June. Results: August ~ 65438+February. Born in the valley jungle. Distributed in Yunnan, Guangxi, Guangdong, Guizhou and other places.
pharmacological action
1, diarrhea:
Earlier, it was reported that this product had no diarrhea-inducing effect, and recently it was reported that this product also had good diarrhea-inducing effect. The ED50 of 4-hour defecation and defecation in mice were 0.1601g10g body weight and 0.3732g/ 10g body weight, respectively, and the diarrhea intensity was obviously lower than that of genuine rice paddy seven. However, the diarrhea speed of this product is faster than that of genuine rhubarb (80. 1 min for this product and 98 ~ 182.9 min for genuine rhubarb). If the loose stool rate of the same dose is taken as an index, there is no significant difference compared with the genuine rhubarb.
2, antibacterial effect:
The inhibitory concentration of the extract to Staphylococcus aureus was 0.25%, and the minimum inhibitory concentration of the decoction to Staphylococcus aureus was 250mg/ml (paper method).
3. Anti-platelet aggregation:
The water extract of this product has certain inhibitory effect on human platelet aggregation induced by collagen, and its IC50 is 2.45mg/ml.
4. Other functions:
The water extract of this product has certain anti-superoxide anion free radical activity. The product also contains anthraquinone components emodin and chrysophanol.
Will eat areca be addicted? "