There are more than a dozen species of deep-sea fish, including tiger spotted, green spotted, pink spotted, galley, maga, and redear. In the restaurant to see the most is the grouper, grouper and contains a sesame spot, sea tiger spot, oil spot, green spot, eastern star spot and so on more than ten kinds of fish, these fish belong to the grouper class, but looks like a very different. East star spot is a big beauty in the grouper, red fish scales, with blue small star point, the production is not big, because of some very expensive, mostly in three, five hundred dollars a catty. Tiger spotted with white tiger skin markings, meat white and tender, eat up very delicious. There are also some spotted fish look very ugly, such as the northern seafood restaurant often said the boss fish, the whole body grows unevenly, it is unbearable to see. But this fish is not good to move, crawling underwater all day, the eyes never drip drip turn, seem very calm, so the name. In addition, the most common is the partial mouth fish, also divided into the left mouth fish, Dobao fish and so on. This kind of fish is flat and unattractive, but when it swims in the water like a big butterfly, the deep-sea fish
has a very beautiful posture. Seafood pool in the most expensive fish belongs to the Su Mei, Su Mei divided into large Su Mei, small Su Mei, large Su Mei weight up to eight, nine pounds a; small Su Mei production is extremely low, the price per catty can be as high as 600-800 yuan. Seafood restaurants can also be seen such as silver tuna, sand tip fish, yellow crucian carp, small yellowtail and silver pomfret and other offshore production of small fish species, the production of these fish is large, and more chilled products, the price is very cheap. But their meat is snow-white, delicate, and very tasty to eat. There are fewer of them now, but they are said to be fished in moderation, and as a result we can once again eat really fresh ones.
Nemichthyidae
Family Name: Nemichthyidae Geographic Distribution: Atlantic, Indian and Pacific Oceans Depth Distribution: Mesopelagic and deep-sea benthic Characteristics: Extremely prolonged snout, mature males have shorter jaws than the upper jaws and are unable to close them. The eyes are large and the body is long with pectoral fins, and the dorsal, anal, and caudal fins are connected together.The number of vertebrae of Labrichthys and Avocettina ranges from 170-220, while the number of vertebrae of Nemichthys is more than 750 Other: There are 3 genera and 9 species in the world***, and 1 genus and 1 species have been found in Taiwan***. Commonly known as the thread eel because the body length of the eel is generally long and slender, but is thinner than the eel's body, like a long, thin thread, so it is called
Weasel eel
Family Name: Ophidiidae Geographic Distribution: Atlantic Ocean, Indian Ocean, and the Pacific Ocean Depth of Distribution: Middle and deep seabed Characteristics: Dorsal fin longer than or equal to the length of the anal fin, the anus and the anal fin are located under the pectoral fin end. Scaly, many species have spines on gill covers. The largest species, Lamprogrammus shcherbachevi, can grow up to 2 meters in length Other: There are 47 genera and 218 species in the world, and 5 genera and 7 species have been found in Taiwan***. The distribution of this family is very wide, from 100m to 2000m seabed are found in its traces, in the deep sea species and even the eyes degenerate to no or only skin flaps Deep-sea fish
traces of the appearance of many variations, but they are all benthic fish, belonging to a wide range of a family
Fusiliers
Family name: Trachichthyidae Geographic location: Atlantic Ocean, Indian Ocean and the Pacific Ocean Depth of distribution: Indian Ocean and the Pacific Ocean depth of distribution: 5 genera 7 species found in Taiwan, Atlantic, Indian and Pacific Oceans Depth: Deep benthic Characteristics: orbital pterostome, ventral fin with 1 hard spine and 6-7 soft bars; dorsal fin with 3-8 hard spines and 10-19 soft bars; anal fin with 2-3 hard spines and 8-12 soft bars; abdominal scales with scaly ridges. Scales vary considerably among species, and some species have luminescence and can grow up to 55 cm Other: 8 genera and 44 species in the world, but 3 genera and 3 species have been found in Taiwan***. The depth of distribution of fish in this family ranges from 100 m to 1500 m. In some areas (e.g., Australia), one of the species of this family has considerable fish resources, and is an important target of fishery, with a catch of hundreds of metric tons, but in Taiwan only smaller species have been caught, and its fish resources have yet to be exploited
Synaphobranchidae
Family Name: Synaphobranchidae Geographic distribution: Atlantic, Indian and Pacific Oceans Depth distribution: Middle and deep benthic Characteristics: Gill apertures are located on the underside of the body before the pectoral fins, and in a few species the pectoral fins are reduced. Number of vertebrae 110-205 Other: 9 genera and 30 species worldwide, but 4 genera and 8 species have been found in Taiwan. Gill eels, as the name implies, have separate gill holes on both sides of the fins, but the outer gill flaps are connected, as if the two gills were joined together and called
Neoscopelidae
Family Name: Neoscopelidae Geographic Distribution: Atlantic, Indian, and Pacific Oceans Depth of Distribution: Deep benthic Characteristics: Laterally flattened, elongated maxillary skeleton composed of a combination of three cartilaginous bones, no infra-ocular skeleton. The anal fin starts away from the dorsal fin. Some species have luminaries. Most species have rounded scales while Solivomer has pectinate scales and Scopelengys does not have a swim bladder, all other species have swim bladders. The number of vertebrae is 29-35, and the maximum length of the vertebrae is 30 cm. Others: There are three genera and six species in the world, and one genus and three species have been found in Taiwan***. The fish of this family are very similar to those of the lanternfish family. Most of them have luminous organs, but the fish of this family are larger and reddish in color, so they can be distinguished from those of the lanternfish family.
Myctophidae
Family name: Myctophidae Geographic distribution: worldwide Depth distribution: mesopelagic and deep-sea benthic Characteristics: The adipose fins are supported by a discoidal cartilage with an infraocular bone. The anal fin begins below or slightly behind the dorsal fin. Head and body with entire rows or groups of luminaries, only one species does not. Most of them have round scales and four of them have pectinate scales, and all of them have swim bladders. Deep-sea fishes
, number of vertebrae 28-45. Others: There are 31 genera and 225 species in the world***, and 5 genera and 17 species are found in Taiwan***. There are many species in this family, but they are small in size, about 5cm, and are important prey for other carnivorous fishes in the ocean. Many studies have confirmed that it has a daily vertical migration, and the migration distance is even more than hundreds of meters, and the abundance distribution is at most 300 to 1200 m during the daytime, and at most 10 to 100 m at night.
Blackheads
Family name: Alepocephalidae Geographic distribution: Atlantic Ocean, Indian Ocean, and Pacific Ocean Depth distribution: Deep benthic Characteristics: small teeth and gills, small size, small size, small size, small size, small size, small size, small size, and small size. Characteristics: Small teeth but many and long gill rakers. Number of gill rakers 5-13. Many species live in water depths greater than 1000m. Others: There are 17 genera and 95 species in the world, but 2 genera and 3 species have been found in Taiwan. This family is characterized by the difference in color between the head and the body, and the more common species is the black-headed fish with a black head, commonly known as the oilfish.
Rondeletiidae
Family Name: Rondeletiidae Geographic Distribution: Atlantic, Indian and Pacific Oceans Depth Distribution: Deep-sea benthic Characteristics: The head is box-shaped and the skin surface is smooth. The lateral line is formed by a combination of 14-26 sets of vertical sensory pores. Tail cartilage 3, number of vertebrae 24-27. Other: 1 genus and 2 species in the world***, and 1 genus and 1 species in Taiwan***. This family does not have scales and is characterized by a longitudinal arrangement of lateral sensory pores.
Codidae
Family name: Moridae Geographic distribution: worldwide Depth distribution: benthic Characteristics: one or two dorsal fins, rarely three, one or two anal fins. Lower jaw with or without teeth, if with teeth fine. Swim bladder connected to otoliths to collect sound. Others: There are 18 genera and 87 species in the world, but 3 genera and 5 species have been found in Taiwan. This family is a benthic fish with a distribution from shallow waters to 2500 meters. Fish in this family often have a luminescence on the ventral surface, which appears black in color. Diretmidae Deep-sea fish Family Name: Diretmidae Geographic distribution: Atlantic, Indian and Pacific Oceans Depth of distribution: Deep-sea benthic Characteristics: No lateral line, dorsal and anal fins without spines. Dorsal and anal fins without spines; dorsal fin with 24 soft bars, anal fin with 19-22 soft bars. Abdomen with scaly ridges. Number of vertebrae 20-32, up to 37cm long. Other: 3 genera and 4 species in the world***, and 2 genera and 2 species found in Taiwan***.
Broad pharyngeal fishes
Family name: Eurypharyngidae Geographic distribution: Atlantic, Indian and Pacific Oceans Depth of distribution: Deep benthic Characteristics: Gill aperture is small, and the distance from the end of the muzzle is longer than the distance from the anus. Number of gill bones 5, number of visceral free bones 6. mouth very large, teeth small, pectoral fins inconspicuous. Others: There is one genus and one species in the world***, and one genus and one species have been found in Taiwan***. It has a dorsal luminescence and does not migrate vertically.
Halosauridae
Family Name: Halosauridae Geographic Distribution: Atlantic, Indian and Pacific Oceans Depth Distribution: Deep benthic Characteristics: Anterior upper mandible and jaws toothed, dorsal fins anterior to the anus, and with 9-13 soft strips and no hard spines. Depressed lateral lines extend throughout the body, and scales with larger lateral pores on both sides of the body, about 30 lateral scales. Others: There are 3 genera and 15 species in the world***, while 1 genus and 1 species are currently found in Taiwan***.
Hearthfish
Family name: Ipnopidae Geographic distribution: Atlantic, Indian and Pacific Oceans Depth of distribution: Deep-sea benthic Characteristics: Eyes are small or reduced to a disk. No pyloric droop, dorsal fin cartilage 8-16, anal fin cartilage 7-19, pectoral fin cartilage 9-24. Number of gill bones 8-17, number of vertebrae 44-80, 18 species of Bathypterois in this genus have extended pectoral, ventral and caudal fins. Others: There are 6 genera and 29 species in the world***, but 1 genus and 2 species are found in Taiwan***. The fish of this family are benthic fish, and will use the extended ventral and caudal fins to stand on the seabed, and appear triangular, so it is also commonly known as the triangular fish.
Holeheads
Family name: Melamphaidae Geographic distribution: all oceans except the Mediterranean Sea and the Arctic Ocean Depth of distribution: deep-sea benthic Characteristics: dorsal fin with 1-3 small spines, pectoral fin with 1 hard spine and 6-8 soft bars. Anterior caudal fin with 3-4 spines. Rounded scales, large but easily detached. No lateral line or only 1-2 lateral line pores, number of vertebrae 24-31. Others: 18 genera and 87 species in the world***, and 1 genus and 1 species found in Taiwan***. The eye has an orbital butterfly bone,
Notacanthidae
Family Name: Notacanthidae Geographic Distribution: Atlantic, Indian, and Pacific Oceans Depth of Distribution: Deep-sea benthic Characteristics: Lateral lines elevated on both sides, scales are small, with at least 50 or more in each row. Ventral fins of some species have 3 spine-like fin rays. Feeds on benthic animals (e.g., polychaetes and coelenterates) and also on planktonic crustaceans. Females outnumber males, and the larger juvenile narrowheads may belong to this family. Others: There are 3 genera and 10 species in the world***, and 1 genus and 1 species have been found in Taiwan***.
Cetomimidae
Family name: Cetomimidae Geographic distribution: Atlantic, Indian and Pacific Oceans Depth of distribution: Deep benthic Characteristics: Epidermis without scales, eyes small or reduced to marks. Gill rakers 3 or 4, no luminescence, only around anus, dorsal and anal fins with depressed tissue at base. Number of vertebrae 38-59. body color brown or orange-red at birth. Others: There are 9 genera and 20 species in the world***, and 1 genus and 1 species have been found in Taiwan***.
Setarchidae
Family Name: Setarchidae Geographic Distribution: Atlantic, Indian and Pacific Oceans Depth of Distribution: Deep-sea Benthic Characteristics: Setarchids have dorsal fins with hard spines 11-13, some of which are poisonous, but this subfamily is characterized by continuous grooves on the lateral line, a rounded scale, and an inconspicuous orbital ridge on the lower eye. Others: There are three genera and five species in the world, and two genera and two species have been found in Taiwan. This family of fish belongs to a subfamily under the Anchovidae family, and the shallow-sea Anchovidae and the commonly known stone dogfish or stonefish are fish with high economic value because of their tasty meat, but the deep-sea Anchovidae are not economically valuable because of their poor appearance and meat quality.
Family Turbotidae
Family name: Bothidae Geographic distribution: Atlantic, Indian and Pacific Oceans Depth of distribution: benthic Characteristics: Most species have two eyes on the left side of the body. The fins are not spiny, and the dorsal fin begins above or in front of the eye. Dorsal and anal fins not connected to caudal fin, anus on blind side. The yolk has a small oil globule, and most species are economically valuable. Others: There are 21 genera and 154 species in the world***, while 12 genera and 27 species have been found in Taiwan***. This family is widely distributed and is one of the most important fish resources in shallow waters. However, the flesh of the species in the deep sea is soft and perishable and not easy to preserve, so it has little value for consumption.
Nutrition
According to a study by the Faculty of Agricultural Sciences at the University of Tokyo, the protein content of deep-sea fish is the same as that of ordinary marine fish, but there is generally less lipid, making deep-sea fish a low-fat, high-protein food. The essential amino acid composition of its protein is roughly the same as that of bonito, mackerel and sardines, which are complete proteins.
Carp
Carp has the functions of benefiting qi and strengthening the spleen, inducing diuresis, clearing away heat and detoxifying the toxins, and promoting lactation. Ascites patients with fresh crucian carp and red beans **** boiled in soup serving has therapeutic effects. With fresh crucian carp and pig's trotters simmering, even soup consumption, can cure maternal breast milk. Carp oil is beneficial to cardiovascular function, but also reduces blood viscosity and promotes blood circulation.
Carp
Carp, has the spleen and stomach, diuretic swelling, cough and asthma, fetal and breastfeeding, clearing heat and detoxification and other functions. Carp and winter melon, white onion boiled soup serving, treatment of nephritis edema. Carp scales and intestines simmered and cooked to be served for jaundice. With live carp, pig's feet in soup for pregnant women with little milk. Carp and Sichuan shellfish end of a little boiled soup to take, cough and asthma.
Chub fish
Chub fish, have warmed the gas, warming the stomach, moistening the skin and other functions, is warm and tonic qi nourishing food.
Mackerel
Mackerel, has the functions of tonifying qi and nourishing the stomach, resolving dampness and inducing diuresis, and dispelling wind and removing vexation. It contains zinc, selenium and other trace elements that help fight cancer.
Grass carp
Grass carp, has the function of warming the stomach and neutralizing the liver, dispelling wind, etc. It is a warming and nourishing food.
Scallop
Scallop, warm stomach, tonic deficiency, skin, wind, kill worms, tonic organs and other functions, can be used as an adjunctive treatment for prolonged hepatitis, chronic hepatitis. Hepatitis patients with fresh scallops steamed to take the upper layer of oil to eat, long service can improve symptoms.
Edit paragraph development research
Taiwan in the past for the study of fish focus on coral reef fish and its economic fish along the coast of the classification and its biology related to the investigation, on the contrary, in the collection of deep-sea fish and research is relatively lack of, mainly because there is no collection of deep-sea fish can be collected on the vessel and gear only in some can be towed to 600-700 meters under the bottom trawler miscellaneous fishing. Only a few were found in the catch of some bottom trawlers that could tow up to 600-700 meters. The Institute of Zoology, Academia Sinica, purchased an additional 10,000 meters of steel cable and installed it on the Oceanic Research Vessel No. 1 under the guidance of MUSORSTOM of France to enable bottom trawl gears (beam trawl and otter trawl) to reach depths of thousands of meters under the sea. In addition, we have also designed and produced our own IKMT (Intermediate Kelp Trawl Mesh), which enables the research of deep-sea organisms to be no longer limited to the collection of benthic fishes, and we have caught more than 150 species of deep-sea fishes in the five cruises in the past year, including: Porcupine Cod, Megaloblatidae, Pleuronectinae, Chondrichthyans, Monkfish, ...., and so on. etc. In addition to the individual introduction of the above four groups, we ****selected 18 families of other strange-looking deep-sea fishes for a comprehensive introduction in this exhibition.