Indications: nourishing liver and kidney, benefiting eyesight. It can be used for asthenia, deficiency of essence, soreness of waist and knees, dizziness and tinnitus, thirst quenching due to internal heat, blood deficiency and sallow, and blurred vision.

Effect on immune function

1. Effect on immune function: It can enhance nonspecific immunity. Mice fed with Lycium barbarum water extract or intramuscular alcohol extract and Lycium barbarum polysaccharide can improve the phagocytic function of macrophages, enhance the role of serum lysozyme, increase the titer of anti-sheep red blood cell antibody in serum and increase the number of anti-sheep red blood cell antibody-forming cells in mouse spleen.

2. Anti-aging effect: 0.5mg/kg Lycium barbarum extract can obviously inhibit LPo production in liver, and increase the activities of glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) and erythrocyte superoxide dismutase (SOD) in blood after 20 days; Human experiments show that it can obviously inhibit the production of serum LPo and increase the activity of GSH-Px in blood, but the activity of SOD in red blood cells does not increase, suggesting that Lycium barbarum extract has the effect of delaying aging.

3. Anti-liver injury: betaine hydrochloride can significantly increase phospholipids in serum and liver of rats, and has obvious protective effect on phospholipid reduction and cholesterol increase caused by long-term use of carbon tetrachloride. The water-soluble extract has similar effect, but it is slightly weaker.

4. Lowering blood sugar: Lycium barbarum extract can significantly and permanently lower blood sugar in rats, increase glucose tolerance, and has less toxicity. In addition, the product has anti-tumor and hematopoietic functions.

5. Kidney-tonifying function: Mao, Han, Han Jin, Li Meihua, Zhang Xiaoying and Yu Xiajun discussed the aging of renal mitochondria in aged rats and its drug protection: By observing the changes of renal mitochondria ultrastructure, ATP synthesis and malondialdehyde level of lipid peroxide in aged rats after applying anti-aging drugs such as Lycium barbarum polysaccharide and vitamin E-C mixture, it was found that the changes of renal mitochondria structure and function in aged rats were accompanied by the increase of malondialdehyde, a metabolite of free radicals. ATP synthesis in renal mitochondria of aged rats was 65438 020.38 nm/mgpmin65438 06.72 nm/mgpmin, which was lower than that of young rats by 65438 08.75 nm/mgpmin. The MDA in renal tissue was 30.40 μ g/100 mg and 6.66 μ g/100 mg wet weight, which was 2.4 times that of the young group. Long-term administration of vitamin E-C mixture or Lycium barbarum polysaccharide can play an anti-free radical role to some extent, reduce the level of malondialdehyde in renal tissue, prevent mitochondrial aging and improve its function.

Lycium barbarum, a good tonic for liver and kidney. Lycium barbarum has been used in medicine for more than 3000 years since the Book of Songs. The name of Lycium barbarum was first seen in Shennong's Classic of Materia Medica, which was listed as the top grade and loved by people for thousands of years. Ge Hong in Jin Dynasty used Lycium barbarum juice to treat eye diseases. In the Tang Dynasty, Sun Simiao used Lycium barbarum combined with other drugs to make liver-nourishing pills, which were used to treat liver meridian deficiency and cold and blurred vision. Wuzi Yanzong Pill in Li Yong's Introduction to Medicine in the Tang Dynasty is a honey pill made of Lycium barbarum and Semen Cuscutae, which is taken with light salt water and used to treat male impotence, premature ejaculation, long-term infertility, premature gray hair and residual urine. Lycium barbarum plays a unique role in enhancing sexual function. The famous saying "You can go to Wan Li Road, so don't eat Lycium barbarum" widely circulated in China means that Lycium barbarum has a strong stimulating effect on sexual function and is not suitable for young men and women who live far away from home. However, it is very necessary to eat more Lycium barbarum or its products for men and women at home and people with weakened sexual function. For people with kidney deficiency, Lycium barbarum is undoubtedly the most popular delicious and panacea, and it is also a rare health nutrition. When the great poet Lu You was old, his eyes were dim and his vision was blurred. He often ate Lycium barbarum to cure diseases. So, he wrote the poem "Xue Ji Maotang bells are clear, and Chinese wolfberry is served in the morning". Lycium barbarum is the best choice for health preservation in ancient and modern times, and it has the function of prolonging life. Physicians of past dynasties paid attention to nourishing liver and kidney with Lycium barbarum. In recent years, people have got a better understanding of the chemical constituents and pharmacological effects of Lycium barbarum, and expanded its clinical application.

6. Liver-protecting effect: Bian Lun, Shen Xinsheng, Wang, zhangyan discussed in Morphological Study on the Repair Effect of Lycium barbarum Polysaccharide on Liver Injury in Mice Induced by Carbon Tetrachloride: 48 male Kunming mice were divided into 4 groups, and the liver injury group (12 mice) was injected with carbon tetrachloride subcutaneously; Normal saline group (12 rats) with liver injury was given normal saline for 7 days except CCl4. The control group (12 rats) was injected with normal saline and tap water subcutaneously. Results Compared with the injured group and the injured saline group, the injured area of hepatic lobule decreased, the lipid droplets in hepatocytes decreased, the nuclei increased, the RNA and nucleoli increased, the glycogen increased, the activities of SDH and G-6 enzymes increased, the rough endoplasmic reticulum returned to bottle arrangement, and the morphological structure of mitochondria recovered and the number increased. It is suggested that Lycium barbarum polysaccharide can repair liver injury, and its mechanism may be to prevent endoplasmic reticulum injury, promote protein synthesis and detoxification, restore liver cell function and promote liver cell regeneration.

Long-term (75 days) oral administration of betaine in fruits can increase the level of phospholipids in blood and liver. Taking betaine in advance or at the same time can resist the decrease of phospholipid and total cholesterol content in rat liver caused by carbon tetrachloride, and improve it to some extent. It can improve BSP, SGP-T, alkaline phosphatase and cholinesterase. Betaine mainly acts as a methyl donor in vivo.

Effect on blood pressure

Intravenous injection of 20mg/kg fruit water-soluble extract can reduce blood pressure and excite breathing in anesthetized rabbits. Atropine injection can cut off bilateral vagus nerves and eliminate its antihypertensive effect; It has inhibitory effect on isolated rabbit heart and constricts rabbit ear blood vessels, and organic solvent extracts such as methanol and acetone also have slight antihypertensive effect.

Anti-fatigue effect of folding

Effects of Lycium barbarum decoction on hydroxyproline content, hypoxia tolerance and fatigue resistance in mice;

Hydroxyproline is an amino acid in collagen fibers and protein, which is derived from the hydroxylation of proline. In the process of human aging, due to insufficient oxygen supply, the hydroxylation process of proline is affected, resulting in low hydroxyproline content in collagen of the elderly, shrinkage and deformation of major organs and weight loss. Because lung function is affected, vital capacity, reserve capacity, resistance, muscle strength, hypoxia tolerance and fatigue resistance decrease. Therefore, hydroxyproline content is related to aging. Lycium barbarum decoction (13.23% concentration) was given to mice by gavage at 0.3ml/20g, 1 time/day. After 30 days, the concentration of hydroxyproline increased by 65438 05.49% compared with the control group. Compared with the control group, the survival time of Lycium barbarum decoction was 27.9 65438 0.3 minutes, and that of Lycium barbarum decoction was 37.5 2.5 minutes (P < 0.0 1). Compared with the control group, the anti-fatigue test also has significant difference (P

Folding anti-tumor effect

In vitro experiments show that Lycium barbarum and Lycium barbarum leaves have obvious inhibitory effects on human gastric adenocarcinoma Kato-ⅲ cells, and Lycium barbarum fruit stalks and Lycium barbarum leaves have obvious inhibitory effects on human cervical cancer Hela cells. The mechanism of action is mainly manifested in inhibiting cell DNA synthesis, interfering with cell division and reducing cell reproductive ability. The combination of Lycium barbarum freeze-dried powder suspension and cyclophosphamide in the treatment of Walker carcinosarcoma 256 in rats showed obvious protective effect on leukopenia caused by cyclophosphamide.

Other functions of folding

Adding betaine (4-6g/kg or 8g/kg) to the feed can increase the weight of male and female chicks and increase the egg production. The diluted solution of Shenqi ointment 1: 10 (0.2ml/ day) was given to mice 14 days, which could obviously increase the body weight, which was 1 times higher than that of the control group. Besides, these animals have smooth fur, plump muscles and bright red blood. In addition, Lycium barbarum and betaine have protective effects on liver injury caused by carbon tetrachloride.

The medical function of folding and editing this paragraph.

Chemical composition:

The fruit contains Lycium barbarum polysaccharide, betaine, atropine and scopolamine. In addition, it also contains zeaxanthin, Physalis alkekengi, cryptoxanthin, scopoletin, carotene, riboflavin, nicotinic acid, vitamin B 1, B2 and C. Seeds contain amino acids: aspartic acid, proline, alanine, leucine and so on. Chemical composition.

Physical and chemical identification:

Thin layer chromatography:

Test solution: Take chopped Lycium barbarum 65438 0 g, add 5ml chloroform, soak for 24 hours, filter, and concentrate the filtrate to 65438±0ml as test solution.

Control solution: Sudan yellow chloroform solution was used as control.

Unfolding: put 2μl of each sample on a silica gel G-cmC plate, and unfold 10cm with petroleum ether-ethyl acetate-methanol (9∶ 1∶0.5). ..

Color development: Under natural light, Lycium barbarum L. in Ningxia showed 1 1 yellow spots, in which 1 spots corresponded to the control. Under ultraviolet irradiation, there are blue and yellow fluorescent spots in the origin.

Pharmacological action:

1, the effect on immune function:

Effect of Lycium barbarum polysaccharide on the incorporation of 3H-TdR in mouse spleen lymphocytes and Ts cells: Effect on the incorporation of 3H-TdR in human spleen lymphocytes: Lycium barbarum polysaccharide (5 mg/kg and 10mg/(kg. Days) ×7 days, intraperitoneal injection can significantly increase the 3H-TdR incorporation value of spleen T cells induced by ConA, and 10mg/kg can make it incorporate. However, LBP25mg/kg and 50mg/kg significantly inhibited the transformation of spleen T cells. It shows that the effect of Lycium barbarum polysaccharide on the proliferation of spleen T lymphocytes is closely related to the dose. The most significant dose of LBP to improve the transformation value of spleen T lymphocytes was 65438 00 mg/(kg. D)×7 days, observe the effect on the incorporation of 3H-TdR induced by the mitotic agent LPS of B lymphocytes. When the concentration of LPS was 50.70 and 65438 000 μ g/ml, LBP had no obvious effect on the incorporation index of 3H-TdR in B cells, indicating that LBP was insensitive to the cell transformation function induced by mitogen in B cells.

Effect on the number of spleen antibody-forming cells: LBP was 5.20mg/(kg. Days) ×7 days can significantly increase the PFC number of spleen, and the dosage of 5mg/kg can make the PFC number reach 1.4 times that of normal immune control group. However, at 25.50mg/kg, the amount of PFC decreased significantly, and the amount of PFC in the 25mg/kg group was 43% of that in the normal control group. This shows that LBP has a suitable dosage range for increasing the number of antibody-forming cells.

Effect on the function of spleen Ts cells: Ts cells in spleen cells of donor mice can inhibit the PFC number of normal immunized mice by 63%, indicating that SOI method can induce Ts cells with significant inhibition on antibody-producing cells. Donor mice were given LBP5mg/(kg. Day) ×7 days, the PFC number of recipient mice was significantly lower than that of SOI control group, indicating that this dose can enhance the function of Ts cells. When the dosage was increased to 25 and 50mg/kg, the enhancement effect of Lycium barbarum polysaccharide on Ts cell function was obviously weakened.

Effect of Lycium barbarum polysaccharide on cellular immune function of S 180 tumor-bearing mice and its anti-tumor effect;

Effect of Lycium barbarum polysaccharide on cellular immune function of normal mice: LBP5mg/(kg. Day) intraperitoneal injection for 7 days (do-6). On the 7th day, the spleen was taken to measure the proliferation of T lymphocytes. The results showed that Lycium barbarum polysaccharide could significantly promote ConA-induced proliferation of normal mouse spleen T lymphocytes, and its cpm value increased from 28,465,438+00 365,438+06,5438+00 in the control group to 64,870 25,765,438+0 in the administration group.

Effect of Lycium barbarum polysaccharide on cellular immune function of S 180 tumor-bearing mice and its anti-tumor effect: Two days after S 180 tumor cells were inoculated subcutaneously, LBP 10mg or 20mg/(kg was injected intraperitoneally. D)×7 days, the mice were killed on the 9 th day, and the tumor weight and spleen T lymphocyte proliferation reaction were measured. The results showed that the tumor inhibition rates of LBP 10mg and 20mg/kg were 3 1% and 39% respectively. At the same time, we can see that the cpm value of T lymphocyte proliferation in LBP10 mg group increased from 139 62 in untreated group to 558 1 783 in treated group, and the RPI (relative proliferation index ×) increased from 0.3% to 24.6%. In the experiment, cyclophosphamide (Cy) was used as the positive control, subcutaneous injection of 25mg/kg 1 time, the tumor inhibition rate was 47%, and the CMP value of T lymphocyte proliferation reaction was 165 3 1.

Effect of Lycium barbarum polysaccharide on the cellular immune function of normal mice inhibited by cyclophosphamide: Cy25mg/kg and LBP5mg/(kg were injected subcutaneously in mice on the same day. Days) intraperitoneal injection for 7 days. On the 7th day, the spleen was taken to measure the proliferation of T cells. Results After adding Lycium barbarum polysaccharide, the RPI was 105% (the RPI of mice treated with Cy alone was 33% normal), which indicated that Lycium barbarum polysaccharide completely offset the cellular immune dysfunction caused by Cy.

Anti-tumor effect of Lycium barbarum polysaccharide combined with cyclophosphamide: Two days after S 180 cells were inoculated subcutaneously in mice, the anti-tumor rate was 365,438+0%, and the anti-tumor rate was increased to 47% by intraperitoneal injection of LBP 10m/(kg). Days) ×7 days, but the difference was not significant (P & gt0.05). When Cy 12.5mg/kg was injected subcutaneously, the tumor inhibition rate was 65438 04%, and the tumor weight was not significantly different from that of the tumor control group. If LBP 10mg/(kg. Days ×7 days, the tumor inhibition rate of intraperitoneal injection increased to 54%(P

Effects of Lycium barbarum polysaccharide and combined application of anaerobic Corynebacterium vaccine on the inhibitory activity of peritoneal macrophages in mice: intraperitoneal injection of Lycium barbarum polysaccharide at 40mg/(kg) can enhance the inhibitory activity of ConA-treated macrophages on tumor target cells. In normal mice for 7 days; LBP5， 10，20，40mg/(kg。 Days ×7 days combined with a small dose (250ug/ head) of anaerobic Corynebacterium (CP) has obvious synergistic effect. When the concentration of LBP was 20mg/kg, the effect was the most remarkable, and the inhibition rates of target cells P8 15 and P388 were 85.5% and 63.6% respectively. The CP control group was 28.65438 0% and 24.0%. It shows that the combined application of Lycium barbarum polysaccharide and Lycium barbarum polysaccharide can reduce the dosage of Lycium barbarum polysaccharide and enhance the curative effect and reduce the toxic and side effects of Lycium barbarum polysaccharide. LBP mainly acts on the immune enhancer of T cells, which can enhance the functions of CTL and NK cells. CP is a macrophage stimulator. Experiments show that synergistic effect can be obtained by combining immune enhancers used in different links of immune response. The experiment also shows that LBP can activate macrophages in both nonspecific and specific anti-tumor processes.

Enhancement effect of Lycium barbarum polysaccharide on IL -2 activity in mice: Lycium barbarum polysaccharide was added to the medium (spleen cells 5× 10/ml, ConA4ug/ml) for inducing IL-2 in mice, and the supernatant containing IL-2 enhanced the proliferation activity of adult mouse thymocytes in vitro ([3H]TdR incorporation method). The level of IL-2 promoting lymphocyte proliferation in aged mice was significantly lower than that in adult mice. LBP can significantly improve this effect of IL-2 in aged mice, reaching the level of adult mice. Experiments show that Lycium barbarum polysaccharide can enhance the activity of IL-2 in aged mice and restore its activity.

Regulatory effect of Lycium barbarum polysaccharide on immune hypofunction in aged mice: The number of hemolytic plaque-forming cells in spleen of aged mice was significantly lower than that of normal adult mice, which decreased by 565,438 0% respectively. LBP20mg/(kg。 Days), intraperitoneal injection for 7 days, can significantly improve the PFC value of spleen in elderly mice to the level of normal adults. ConA-induced incorporation of 3H-TdR into thymocytes of aged mice also decreased significantly. After LBP administration, the incorporation value increased significantly, and when LBP was administered at 5 mg/kg, the incorporation value of 3H-TdR into thymocytes also decreased significantly. After LBP was given, the doping value increased significantly. When LBP was 5 mg/kg, the incorporation value of 3H-TdR increased about 10 times. The application of ultra-optimal dose of SRBC immunoassay (SOI) showed that Lycium barbarum polysaccharide with appropriate dose could obviously regulate the inhibitory T cells (Ts) and enhance the activity of Ts cells in aged mice.

Immunopharmacological effects of Lycium barbarum polysaccharide on T, killer T and NK cells in mice and immunosuppression on cyclophosphamide: LBP5- 10mg/kg, intraperitoneal injection, can improve the proliferation function of mouse spleen T lymphocytes and enhance the killing function of CTL (Cy-to-toxic T lymphocytes), and the specific killing rate is increased from 33% to 67%. Intraperitoneal injection of LBP5mg/kg can enhance the killing function of NK cells, and the killing rate is increased from 12.4% to 18%. LBP5- 10mg/kg can antagonize the immunosuppressive effect of cyclophosphamide on T, CTL and NK cells in mice. The relative proliferation index (RPI) of T lymphocytes increased from 33% to 105%, the inhibitory rate of Cy on CTL decreased from 5 1% to 19% and 36%, and the killing rate on NK cells also increased from 9.5% when Cy was used alone to 15%. These results showed that LBP enhanced T cell-mediated immune response and NK cell activity in normal mice and Cy-treated mice.

In addition, Lycium barbarum polysaccharide can significantly increase the number and activity of C3b and f C receptors in macrophages, and reduce the inhibitory effect of cortisone acetate on them. The content of immunoglobulin (especially IgM) and complement activity can be significantly increased by gavage of Lycium barbarum teabag 2ml/ day for 2 weeks.

2. Hypoglycemic effect: 6g/kg Lycium barbarum extract, injected intraperitoneally, can reduce the blood sugar of rabbits by about 13% within 2-3 hours, and then gradually recover. Some people think that its hypoglycemic effect is due to its guanidine derivatives.

3. Anti-fatty liver effect: Long-term (75 days) oral administration of betaine in fruits can increase the level of phospholipids in blood and liver; Taking betaine in advance or at the same time can resist the decrease of phospholipid and total cholesterol content in rat liver caused by carbon tetrachloride, and improve it to some extent. It can improve BSP, SGP-T, alkaline phosphatase and cholinesterase. Betaine mainly acts as a methyl donor in vivo.

4. Effect on blood pressure: Intravenous injection of 20mg/kg fruit water-soluble extract can reduce blood pressure and excite breathing in anesthetized rabbits; Atropine injection can cut off bilateral vagus nerves and eliminate its antihypertensive effect; It has inhibitory effect on isolated rabbit heart and constricts rabbit ear blood vessels, and organic solvent extracts such as methanol and acetone also have slight antihypertensive effect.

5. Lycium barbarum extract can promote the growth and gas production of Lactobacillus acidophilus and Lactobacillus casei.

6. Effects of Lycium barbarum decoction on hydroxyproline content, hypoxia tolerance and fatigue resistance in mice: Hydroxyproline is an amino acid in collagen fiber and protein, which is hydroxylated from proline. In the process of human aging, due to insufficient oxygen supply, the hydroxylation process of proline is affected, resulting in low hydroxyproline content in collagen of the elderly, shrinkage and deformation of major organs and weight loss. Because lung function is affected, vital capacity, reserve capacity, resistance, muscle strength, hypoxia tolerance and fatigue resistance decrease. Therefore, hydroxyproline content is related to aging. Lycium barbarum decoction (13.23% concentration) was given to mice by gavage at 0.3ml/20g, 1 time/day. After 30 days, the concentration of hydroxyproline increased by 65438 05.49% compared with the control group. Compared with the control group, the survival time of Lycium barbarum decoction was 27.9 65438 0.3 minutes, and that of Lycium barbarum decoction was 37.5 2.5 minutes (P < 0.0 1). Compared with the control group, the anti-fatigue test also has significant difference (P

7. Anti-tumor effect: In vitro experiments show that Lycium barbarum and its leaves have obvious inhibitory effects on human gastric adenocarcinoma Kato-ⅲ cells, and the fruit stalk and leaves of Lycium barbarum have obvious inhibitory effects on human cervical cancer Hela cells. Its mechanism is mainly manifested in inhibiting cell DNA synthesis, interfering with cell division and reducing cell reproductive ability. The combination of Lycium barbarum freeze-dried powder suspension and cyclophosphamide in the treatment of Walker carcinosarcoma 256 in rats showed obvious protective effect on leukopenia caused by cyclophosphamide.

8. Other effects: Adding betaine (4-6g/kg or 8g/kg) to the feed can increase the weight of male and female chicks and increase the egg production. The diluted solution of Shenqi ointment 1: 10 (0.2ml/ day) was given to mice 14 days, which could obviously increase the body weight, which was 1 times higher than that of the control group. Besides, these animals have smooth fur, plump muscles and bright red blood. In addition, Lycium barbarum and betaine have protective effects on liver injury caused by carbon tetrachloride.

The dietotherapy value of folding editing this paragraph

Fruits of Lycium barbarum and Lycium barbarum in Solanaceae. Chinese wolfberry, also known as Chinese wolfberry. Lycium barbarum is distributed in most parts of China. Ningxia Lycium barbarum is distributed in Gansu, Ningxia, Xinjiang, Inner Mongolia, Qinghai and other places. Harvest in summer and autumn when the fruit is ripe. Wash or dry for later use.

Nature: sweet taste, flat nature. It can nourish liver and kidney, benefit essence and blood, and improve eyesight.

Reference: contains betaine, amino acids, carotene, vitamin B 1, B2, C, calcium, phosphorus and iron.

The extract can slightly inhibit the deposition of fat in liver cells and promote the regeneration of liver cells in mice with carbon tetrachloride liver injury. It can reduce cholesterol and slightly prevent the formation of experimental atherosclerosis in rabbits.

Uses: Used for treating liver and kidney deficiency, essence and blood deficiency, soreness of waist and knees, dizziness and tinnitus, spermatorrhea and infertility; Kidney deficiency and essence deficiency, thirst and dry mouth, frequent urination and red tongue; Jingxue can't benefit the eyes, the eyes are dim, and the vision is reduced.

Usage: raw, decocted, ointment, wine, or pills.

Attachment: 1, Qiyuan ointment: Lycium barbarum and longan pulp are equally divided. Add water and decoct with low fire for many times until Lycium barbarum and longan are tasteless, remove residues and continue to decoct into paste. 65438+ 0~2 spoonfuls each time, taken with boiling water.

Originated from the secret anatomy of taking life. This prescription uses Lycium barbarum to tonify kidney and replenish essence and blood, and longan meat to nourish blood, soothe nerves and improve intelligence. Can be used for treating liver and kidney deficiency, blood deficiency, soreness of waist and knees, dizziness, tinnitus, palpitation and amnesia.

2. Qi Jing ointment: Lycium barbarum and Polygonatum sibiricum are equally divided. Adding water, decocting with low fire for several times, removing residues, concentrating, adding honey, mixing, boiling, and cooling. 65438+ 0~2 spoonfuls each time, taken with boiling water.

Originated from Eight Records of Zunsheng (Bao Zhen Dan Tian Er Jing Wan Fang). Lycium barbarum and Polygonatum sibiricum are commonly used drugs to prolong life and resist aging in ancient times. The combination of the two has good effects of nourishing liver and kidney and benefiting essence and blood. The original side said: "Constant service helps and strengthens the essence; Tonifying abdomen, promoting blood circulation, and beautifying face ... "Therefore, premature senility, deficiency of liver and kidney essence and blood, backache and tinnitus, dizziness, forgetfulness, and facial decay, etc. You can take it away.

3. Seven flavors of tea: Lycium barbarum and Schisandra chinensis are equally divided. Grind into coarse powder. 9~ 15g each time, brew tea with boiling water.

Originated from Eight Wonderful Recipes of Life. This prescription uses Lycium barbarum to replenish yin essence, and Schisandra chinensis to replenish qi, promote fluid production and astringe sweat. For people with deficiency of both qi and yin, they can't adapt to the hot summer climate, and often have symptoms such as dizziness, fatigue, sore feet, upset spontaneous sweating, reduced diet and weak pulse.