learning target
1. Learn the 14 new words in this lesson, and read, write and understand the words composed of new words correctly.
2. Read the text with emotion. Understand the customs and habits of the Spring Festival in old Beijing and feel the lively and festive atmosphere of the Spring Festival.
3. Learn the text in an orderly and detailed way.
Learning focus
Understand the customs and habits of old Beijing and feel the unique charm of traditional Chinese New Year culture.
Learning difficulties
Taste Lao She's language style and learn orderly and detailed writing methods.
Class arrangement
2 class hours
Teaching preparation
Courseware about nursery rhymes; Song "Congratulations"
teaching process
The first class
First, create a situation and prompt the topic
1. Students, do you like the Spring Festival? Tell me why. Arouse students' memories of the lively and festive atmosphere during the Spring Festival. )
Let's see how children in old Beijing spend the Spring Festival. (Play anime nursery rhymes: Don't be greedy for children, it's the year after Laba; Laba porridge, drink for a few days, Li Li La La twenty-three; Twenty-three, candied melons are sticky; Twenty-four, sweep the house; Twenty-five, frozen tofu; Twenty-six, go to buy meat; Twenty-seven, slaughter the rooster; Twenty-eight, send your face; Twenty-nine, steamed buns; Stay up for 30 nights; Walking all over the street on the first day and the second day. ) tell me how you feel.
3. Now, we will follow the writer Lao She, walk into old Beijing, have a Spring Festival full of Beijing flavor, and feel the unique folk customs and charming new year culture.
Second, the overall perception, clear the context
1. Read the text freely, read the new words correctly and the sentences fluently, and check with each other at the same table.
2. Ask 13 students to read the text in turn according to the natural paragraph, and the other students will draw while listening: What important days did the author write about during the Spring Festival?
3. Exchange report, the teacher wrote on the blackboard: Laba-the 23rd day of the twelfth lunar month-New Year's Eve-the first day of the first month-the 15th day of the first month-the 19th day of the first month (it is clear that the Spring Festival in old Beijing starts from the 10th day of the twelfth lunar month and ends on the 19th day of the first month).
4. Tell me what impression the Spring Festival in old Beijing left on you. (Guide students to tell their initial feelings of excitement, bustle, celebration and reunion in combination with reading. )
Third, exchange discussions and feel the taste of the year.
1. The Spring Festival is the most important traditional festival in China. Beijingers are so lively and happy, and there is a strong flavor of the year between the lines. Choose the day that impresses you the most in the Spring Festival, read it repeatedly, and note it in the blank.
2. Group communication.
3. The whole class exchange report
(1) The smell of Nian is the smell of firecrackers.
A. The sound of firecrackers is a unique sound during the Spring Festival. Where are they written in the article? (The children are preparing for the Spring Festival, and the second big thing is to buy firecrackers; On the 23rd of the twelfth lunar month, firecrackers will ring as soon as it gets dark. On New Year's Eve, firecrackers continued day and night; On the first day of the first month, there was a pile of firecrackers in front of the door last night; On the Lantern Festival on the first day of the first month, children buy all kinds of fireworks and play at home with sound and light. )
B. The whole Spring Festival is filled with the smell of firecrackers and fireworks, and the lively and hot atmosphere of the New Year is all in it, which has nothing to do with the legendary monster threatening Nian.
(2) The taste of Nian is sweet.
A. Look for the sentences describing diet in the article (Laba porridge, Laba garlic; Miscellaneous children; Twenty-three, prepare enough meat, chicken, fish, vegetables and rice cakes; On new year's eve, every family rushed to cook new year's dishes, and the smell of wine and meat was everywhere; In Beijing, every family eats jiaozi during Chinese New Year. On the fifteenth day of the first month, everyone must eat Yuanxiao. ), talk about the experience (sufficient and abundant).
B. after a year of hard work, people's display and enjoyment of their labor income is full of happiness and satisfaction. In the fragrance, the year will be full of flavor.
(3) The taste of Nian is the taste of happiness.
A. Visit the temple fair and the Lantern Festival on the first day of the first month. Experience people's leisure, entertainment and happy mentality.
B. According to your own reality, talk about the happiness of adults and children in the text.
(4) To sum up, in the series of activities throughout the Spring Festival, although there are some red tape, the authentic folk customs contain a mixture of five flavors, which contains the richest traditions and can withstand the taste of chewing.
Fourth, read the body odor and feel the folk customs.
1. Browse the text quickly and find out the most lively and festive days in the Spring Festival. (New Year's Eve and the fifteenth day of the first month)
2. Read the seventh paragraph carefully, contact your feelings during the New Year, and talk about how to understand that New Year's Eve is really lively.
(It's a kind of excitement that celebrates the whole world-every family is rushing to cook New Year's dishes, and the smell of wine and meat is everywhere. Men, women and children all put on new clothes, put up red couplets outside the door, and put up all kinds of New Year pictures in the room; It is a kind of all-night excitement-every family lights up all night without interruption, and firecrackers continue day and night. Except for very young children, no one sleeps, and everyone has to be old; It is a kind of round and round excitement-people who work outside will come home for a reunion dinner unless they have to. )
3. New Year's Eve can be said to be the climax of the Spring Festival. In the lively, festive and reunion atmosphere, how many people are sleepless tonight. Try to show it by reading aloud.
4. Read aloud with "Congratulations" music, which shows that New Year's Eve is really lively.
5. Homework: Copy words.
Color, taste, beauty, odds and ends, Vientiane updates, men, women and children light up all night.
Day and night have to be completely different, with all kinds of lanterns and colorful decorations.
The second class hour
First, review the introduction and relive the lively atmosphere of the New Year.
1. Listen to the song "Congratulations" and review New Year's Eve.
After New Year's Eve, another climax of the Spring Festival, Lantern Festival, arrived. The most important activity of the Lantern Festival is, of course, watching lanterns. As written in a poem: the city is full of lights and the streets are red, and the strings are everywhere. It's really a beautiful night scene, and there are thousands of pavilions in the moonlight.
Second, walk into the Lantern Festival and enjoy thousands of lights.
1. If New Year's Eve is a family-based excitement, then the Lantern Festival Lantern Festival is a carnival celebrated by the whole people. Read the paragraph 1 1. 12 carefully and silently. From which words can you feel that the lamp is much more special?
(The number of lights is large: lights are everywhere, and the whole street is like a happy event; Hundreds of lights will be hung in famous old shops.
There are many kinds of lights: some, some, and some)
Imagine what lights you will see if you walk into the Lantern Festival in old Beijing. (Please combine the students' existing experience and imagine as much as possible, such as horn lights, gauze lights, glass lights, painted lights, lantern lanterns, paper lanterns, ice lanterns, etc., to experience the lively scene of colorful lights everywhere in old Beijing. )
3. Through reading aloud, show more lights and people's happiness.
Third, understand the characteristics of expression
1. Browse the text quickly, and where can you realize the author's love for Chinese culture.
(Guide the students to feel from specific sentences that Lao She melts his emotions into simple and humorous colloquial language, such as this is not porridge, but a small agricultural exhibition with beautiful color and taste, which makes people unable to help but eat more jiaozi streets like wedding ceremonies. This is indeed a beautiful and happy day in the blink of an eye, and when it comes to the temple at the end of the lantern. )
2. How did the author impress us with the folk custom of Spring Festival?
One is to write the Spring Festival in an orderly manner in chronological order, and the other is to describe the climax of the Spring Festival in detail, while the other parts are briefly introduced, which makes us deeply impressed by the all-night New Year's Eve and the Lantern Festival. )
3. Contrast writing
Read two paragraphs about the custom of the Spring Festival in Reading Links after class, and compare them with the relevant parts of the text to see what are the differences in writing and what are the inspirations for your homework. (The first paragraph uses irony, which vividly describes the busyness and liveliness of 2008 and integrates various customs and habits into it. The second paragraph is a festive and lively atmosphere written with a strong lyric color. )
Fourth, expand the summary and assign homework
1. Expand reading
Customs around the Spring Festival
The Spring Festival is the most important traditional festival in our country. People believe that eating some traditional diets at this time can bring good luck to themselves and their families:
People in the northeast will kill a pig first after entering the twelfth lunar month and invite the villagers to have a meal to celebrate. Then wrap sticky bean bags and make tofu. Sticky bean bags range from hundreds of pounds to dozens of pounds, which can be eaten for a winter. Eat jiaozi on the first and fifth day of the Lunar New Year.
When people in many places in northwest China eat jiaozi, the wrappers of dumplings are not rolled out one by one, but rolled into a large piece and buckled with bowls.
The New Year's Eve dinner in the south of Henan is eaten until midnight, and when the New Year bell rings, a plate of fish is served to show that there is more than one year. On the morning of the first day, jiaozi was cooked with noodles, which stood for money-oriented and meant to make a fortune.
Shanghai People's Congress eats glutinous rice balls, rice cakes, bee cakes, rice cakes, cloud cakes, etc. On the first day of the lunar new year, the fable is getting higher and higher every year. In addition, eating soybean sprouts (also called ruyi cuisine) symbolizes all the best, and eating sprouted vegetables (soaked with broad beans) means getting rich.
On New Year's Eve in Sichuan, Sichuanese usually eat hot pot, and on the morning of the first day, they eat glutinous rice balls, which means reunion.
Hunan people will eat chicken, meat and fish on New Year's Eve. The chicken is required to be a rooster, and the whole chicken should be stewed, and its head should be raised when it is loaded; Fish should be silver carp, stewed and sprinkled with red Chili powder, which symbolizes that there is more than enough food every year and the grain is abundant.
2. Chinese New Year is about liveliness, popularity and peace. This is the most important traditional festival in China, which has strong national characteristics and is the inheritance and cohesion of our traditional culture. On New Year's Eve, the descendants of the Chinese people at the ends of the earth will have a family reunion dinner, celebrate the new year, and greet the new year with good wishes. But the taste of New Year is getting weaker and weaker, and it is turning into watching a Spring Festival party in front of the TV. Please combine the Spring Festival in Beijing with your own Spring Festival and write a short article to talk about your feelings or hopes.
Blackboard design:
The unique folk culture of the Spring Festival in Beijing
Laba-the 23rd day of the twelfth lunar month-New Year's Eve-the first day of the first month-the 15th day of the first month-the 19th day of the first month.
Lively, festive, reunion and peaceful.
Case b
The first class
First, the conversation is introduced, and the Spring Festival is * * *
1. gongs and drums say goodbye to the old year, firecrackers greet the new year, and in anticipation and celebration, the Spring Festival comes to us. This is the most grand and traditional festival in China, and I believe everyone is familiar with it.
2. Exchange your collected information about the Spring Festival:
About the origin of the Spring Festival: The Spring Festival is an important traditional festival in China. The Spring Festival is the first day of the first lunar month, also known as the lunar year, commonly known as the Chinese New Year. It is the first day of the lunar year, that is, the first day of the first month. In the traditional sense, the Spring Festival refers to the sacrificial rites from La Worship on the eighth day of the twelfth lunar month or on the 23rd of the twelfth lunar month to the fifteenth day of the first lunar month, with New Year's Eve and the first day of the first lunar month as the climax. This is the most grand and lively traditional festival among Chinese people. The Spring Festival has a long history, which originated from the activities of offering sacrifices to gods and ancestors at the beginning and end of the Yin and Shang Dynasties. According to the Chinese lunar calendar, the first day of the first month was called Yuanri, Yuanchen, Yuanzheng, Yuanshuo, New Year's Day, etc., commonly known as the first day of the first month. In the Republic of China, it was changed to the Gregorian calendar. The first day of the Gregorian calendar was called New Year's Day, and the first day of the first month of the lunar calendar was called the Spring Festival. The Spring Festival is not only the most important festival of the Han nationality, but also a dozen ethnic minorities such as Manchu, Mongolian, Yao, Zhuang, Bai, Gaoshan, Hezhe, Hani, Daur, Dong and Li. During this period, people will hold various celebration activities, mostly focusing on offering sacrifices to deities and buddhas, paying homage to ancestors, removing old cloth and making new ones, welcoming the New Year and receiving blessings, and praying for a good harvest, such as pasting Spring Festival couplets, pasting New Year pictures, pasting blessings, cutting window grilles, steaming rice cakes, wrapping jiaozi, burning firecrackers, vigil on New Year's Eve, and greeting the New Year. The forms of activities are rich and colorful, with strong national characteristics. The Spring Festival, in the minds of China people, is filled with infinite nostalgia, aftertaste and longing. The Spring Festival in China is a festival with the most cultural connotation and traditional charm, and it is also the most cohesive festival.
(2) Customs about the Spring Festival: offering sacrifices to the stove to sweep the dust, sticking the Spring Festival couplets to keep up the New Year's Eve and making Lantern Festival, etc.
(3) Legends about the Spring Festival: the legend of the year and the story of the year, etc.
If you were invited to write about the Spring Festival, what would you write?
Indeed, the Spring Festival is coming, which means that spring is coming, Vientiane is recovering, vegetation is renewed, and a new round of sowing and harvesting season is about to begin. People have just passed the long winter when the plants and trees are dying in the ice and snow, and they have long been looking forward to the day when spring blooms. When the new year comes, it is natural to welcome this festival with joy and singing. The Spring Festival is a joyful and peaceful festival, and it is also a day for family reunion. Children who leave home should go home to get together during the Spring Festival. Beijing, the ancient capital, is full of Beijing flavor after the Spring Festival. Today, let's experience the Spring Festival in Beijing with the writer Lao She.
Second, let go of the first reading, the overall perception.
1. Free to read the text softly, read the pronunciation correctly, read the sentences well, and pay attention to mark the places you don't understand.
2. Check the text self-study:
① Check each other's reading at the same table.
② Show the new words that need to be written in this lesson and read them collectively.
③ Do you have anything you want to remind everyone about these new words? Guide students to communicate with each other from the aspects of sound, form and meaning of new words.
3. Read the text silently and think: According to the old rules, how do Beijingers spend the Spring Festival? What impressed you the most?
4. Choose your most impressive or favorite paragraph and read it to everyone. The rest of the students listened and thought, what days did the author write about people's activities? You can draw it with strokes and mark it with your favorite symbols. Cultivate students' habit of listening and thinking, reading and writing. )
5. Scan the text quickly and think about the excitement around the Spring Festival. What important days did the author write? Say it in order.
Teachers summarize according to students' answers:
The twelfth lunar month → off-year → New Year's Eve → the first day → the fifteenth day of the first month → the nineteenth day of the first month.
6. The Spring Festival, like a big drama, quietly kicked off in the aroma of Laba porridge. Please read and browse quickly and find out the corresponding paragraphs in the order of years ago, Chinese New Year and ending.
Third, read and appreciate carefully and feel the Spring Festival.
(1) Read the full text silently and think about what lively and strong pictures the text shows us about the Spring Festival in Beijing. Which ones do you like best?
(2) Group study.
Show reading tips:
Choose your favorite paragraph and read it again and again, underline the sentences that best express the flavor of the Spring Festival, and write your feelings next to it.
② Read your favorite paragraphs in the group and exchange your feelings.
(3) According to the group communication, read the relevant paragraphs by yourself to supplement and improve your reading experience.
(C) the whole class communication, teacher camera guidance.
1. Experience the busyness years ago.
① What is the main performance of the annual flavor before the exchange festival? Focus on the important days before the exchange festival, people's main activities, stress and people's mentality in these days.
② Read your favorite passage by name and talk about your feelings after reading it.
(3) Guide students to find out the key words in the text, and experience the joy and hope filled with people's busyness during reading: What specific words did you learn from?
(4) Instruct students to grasp the words fed back by students and read aloud.
⑤ Talk about what you did during the Spring Festival in connection with the actual life.
2. Experience the excitement of festivals
(1) which days did you focus on during the exchange festival? What is the biggest feature of festivals? (lively)
② They are both lively, but they are different from each other. Read silently and think: What are the characteristics of New Year's Eve, the first day of the first month and the fifteenth day of the first month? Grasp the key words in the text, read and think over and over again.
(3) exchange their experiences, the teacher camera guide:
New Year's Eve: celebration and reunion; The first day: carefree and happy; Fifteen: prosperous and beautiful.
Read again, discuss and communicate: What sentences did you learn from these feelings?
⑤ Exchange feedback on New Year's Eve, and instruct the teacher to read aloud with the camera, so as to further realize the celebration and reunion.
Grasp the key words to catch up, everywhere, wear and paste to feel the festive and warm New Year's Eve;
Unless you grasp it, you will definitely understand the position of the Spring Festival in people's minds and feel the atmosphere of reunion.
⑥ Read the second passage in the reading link, and compare it: They are both writing on New Year's Eve. What are the differences between the authors in writing?
Students communicate freely, and teachers sort it out in time: Lao She's New Year's Eve shows us a panoramic view, grasping the main activities of people on New Year's Eve, and the language is concise and lively; Reading the link essay 2 starts with remembering my grandmother, focusing on how the family spent New Year's Eve, in which the preparation process and the scene around the stove were described in detail.
⑦ Communicate and feedback the first paragraph of the first day, and instruct the teacher to read aloud with the camera, so as to further realize the leisure and happiness of the first day.
Focus on guiding people's performance when they visit temple fairs to experience leisure and happiness.
⑧ Communicate and feedback the 11th paragraph of the Tenth Five-Year Plan, and instruct the teacher to read aloud with the camera, so as to further realize the prosperity and beauty of the Tenth Five-Year Plan.
Find out the sentences describing lanterns in the text, guide the emotional reading and understand the function of parallelism sentences.
Guide imagination: what other lanterns will there be? Besides lights, what else?
Show Lao She's original text and create a situation: New Year's Eve is lively, but there is no moonlight; What about the Lantern Festival? It happens to be the bright moon in the sky. New Year's Day is decent. There are bright red Spring Festival couplets in front of every house, and people are wearing new clothes, but it is not beautiful enough. Lantern Festival, where lanterns are hung everywhere, the whole street is like a happy event, blazing and beautiful, and the emotional reading experience of the tenth five-year plan is prosperous and beautiful.
Pet-name ruby summary: From Laba to the 19th day of the first month, it took nearly a month, but it was presented to readers in just over a thousand words. The author just grasped the most prominent features of each festival and sketched out a lively, festive, joyful and peaceful Spring Festival picture scroll for us with extremely concise language. Let's go into the text again and experience the author's expression with heart.
Fourth, compare reading and understand writing.
1. Read the text silently, think independently, and then discuss in groups:
(1) what parts of the text are written in detail and what parts are written briefly? What are the advantages of writing like this?
Read Laba paragraph again and think: Laba has many activities. Why write Laba porridge and Laba garlic alone? What are the advantages of writing like this? There are many ways to describe the main features in this paper. Can you give another example?
2. Read the first passage in the link independently. Compare: They were both written in the same year. What's the difference in writing?
If you are asked to write the Spring Festival again at this time, how are you going to write it?
Guide students to learn from the writing methods they have learned, such as selecting materials in detail, describing festivals with the most important features, and adding their own feelings.
Fifth, assign homework and expand after class.
With the Spring Festival as the theme, run a handwritten newspaper. The content is as follows:
1. Impression of the Spring Festival: Modify or write an essay about the Spring Festival yourself.
2. Spring Festival tidbits: Choose from the collected legends and customs about the Spring Festival.
3. Wonderful reappearance: Excerpt the poems or beautiful fragments about the Spring Festival that you think are well described.
4. Suggestions for the Spring Festival: How to spend the Spring Festival, and put forward your own ideas and suggestions.
Festival highlights: Besides the Spring Festival, what are the traditional festivals in China? Record the results of your investigation.