The dachshund sturgeon's body size is large, is the largest freshwater fish in a kind of body size. Mainly distributed in the Heilongjiang River and its larger tributaries connected to the lake, especially in the middle reaches of the Heilongjiang River for the most; followed by the distribution of the Ussuri River and the Songhua River downstream and other waters, the lower reaches of the Nenjiang River is also occasionally found.

This fish is a freshwater fish that never swims into the sea, and is divided into the population in the mouth of the Heilongjiang River, the population that lives in the river all year round, and the population in the freshwater waters along the Sea of Okhotsk and the Sea of Japan. Dachshund sturgeon is a demersal fish and prefers to disperse its activities. Adults are mostly found in deep water and seldom enter shallow water. Juveniles in the shallow water of the river and its subsidiary lakes, bubbling swamp in the fattening, growth, usually inhabiting in the big river sandwich, river forks and other slow-flowing, gravel substrate place. Sturgeon meat in Heilongjiang Province contains more than other fish 3 to 5 times the unsaturated fatty acids and blood vitamins folic acid, and the famous caviar from its eggs, the economic value is very high, the export price of up to nearly 300 U.S. dollars per catty.