Shunde New Year's Folk Culture

Survey on Shunde Folk Culture

Friends, have you heard of the story of Shunde "self-combing woman"? On New Year's Eve, have you ever gone out on the street to "buy lazy"? In the Dragon Boat Festival, have you ever been on the shoulders of your parents to watch the dragon boat race? These are the folklore of Shunde. "Folklore is the influence of traditional culture on the life of a society. Folklore is the concrete expression of traditional culture in social life. In the long years, in Shunde this side of the river intertwined with the Kittang intertwined in the fertile land of the South, breeding how many moving legends and beautiful scenery! Let's go together to enjoy the Shunde charming folk customs and traditions!

I. Shunde Spring Festival. "Congratulations, fortune, profit to bring", the Spring Festival, this sentence you must have said many times, and said the joyful. Spring Festival, also known as the New Year, is China's grandest and most solemn traditional festival. Do you know how Shunde people celebrate the Spring Festival? In the old days, Chinese New Year included a series of activities such as sending and receiving the stove, reunion, starting the New Year and paying homage to the New Year. To the "New Year's Eve", every household posting Spring Festival couplets, some also paste the "door god", which can not paste the wrong, Shunde people describe the two ignore each other called "paste the wrong door god", this proverb on this! This is the origin of this proverb! New Year's Eve night, the family reunion dinner, reunion dinner, the children teamed up on the street "to buy lazy", singing "buy lazy song", the lyrics are: "buy lazy, buy to the year 30 night, people lazy me not lazy." "The first day of the first month of the Chinese New Year is filled with joy and excitement. On the first day of the first month, the whole family sits around the hall, pays tribute to the younger generation, and enjoys festive food such as rice cakes. On the third day of the first month, commonly known as "Chikou", half-year activities are suspended. From the fourth day of the month onwards, it will continue until the seventh day of the month, which is called "Human Day". Nowadays, the custom of celebrating New Year's Eve has been greatly simplified, and many of these events have been dispensed with. Eat reunion dinner is not necessarily eaten at home, many are a family of young and old in the restaurant to eat; but New Year's custom is still preserved a lot. For example, red envelopes are handed out, Spring Festival couplets are put up, dragon and lion dances are held, and New Year's flowers are chosen, which are still enjoyed by the people! In our opinion, to inherit traditional culture, we should take the essence and remove the dross.

Two, Shunde Dragon Boat Festival. Every lunar Dragon Boat Festival, the townships and towns beat drums and swim dragons. In the past, due to the Shunde rivers and waterways criss-crossed with farming and fishing, Shunde farmers used to "see the door to see the water, step by step boat" life, the formation of the formation of the custom of dragon boat racing. Today, Shunde villages still have the custom of dragon boat racing, only inseparable from the legend of the dragon custom for thousands of years. From this, we can see the spirit of Shunde people's dragon boat exercise thousands of years of ancient Yue spirit and vibrant modern spirit of the perfect combination. There are two main stories about the creation of the dragon boat: first, during the Qianlong period of the Qing Dynasty, the first creation of the children of a large family in Shunde County; second, during the Kangxi period of the Qing Dynasty, "Tiandihui" and other organizations to carry out the propaganda and the creation of the compilation. It is widely believed that Shunde is the home of dragon boat singing. The most representative dragon boat in Shunde is the Longjiang Dragon Boat. Longjiang Dragon Boat adopts the elimination system, and it takes three days to decide the champion. The champion team returns to the village in a grand style, beating gongs and drums and wearing red flowers. In order to celebrate the victory, the village lively and rich villagers will be sponsored to make dozens of tables of food villagers sitting around ho meal, very lively. This is the unique "eat dragon boat rice".

Third, Shunde Mid-Autumn Festival. Mid-Autumn Festival night, the moon is bright and flawless, the full moon symbolizes reunion, family and friends have gathered to visit, so the Mid-Autumn Festival is also known as the "reunion festival". Shunde people and the Mid-Autumn Festival is very grand. From the tenth day of August, people are busy buying mooncakes; on the fourteenth day of August, people call it "welcoming the moon", on the fifteenth day of August, they call it "enjoying the moon", and on the sixteenth day of August, they call it "chasing the moon". This can be said that "the moon at sea, the end of the world * * * this time", "but wishing for a long time, thousands of miles * * * Canyon". Next, let's talk about the Fish Lantern Festival. Fish Lantern Festival had a lively atmosphere, to bring life to the community. It is both a spontaneous folk entertainment and a review of the wisdom and artistic achievements of the working people. It was one of the folk competitions held irregularly in Daliang area several decades ago. It is mostly held in the autumn high tide or Lantern Festival Eve, by the folk of the good people to raise funds and organize the main fish lanterns will be organized. Participating fish lanterns, concentrated, parade, close to look like a brocade scale swimming, a thousand shapes and sizes; from afar look at the fire dragon winding, colorful. Shunde breeding industry is renowned, is the main production area of freshwater fish, Daliang's "fish lanterns will be", is the people of the art form to express the love of life, praise of labor, the pursuit of ideals, meaning the celebration of the harvest of the folk culture and entertainment event.

Four, Shunde "comb women". Self-combing women in the late Qing Dynasty, is unique to the Pearl River Delta region, a special group. According to the Shunde County Records: At that time, Shunde silk industry is developed, many women workers have considerable income, economic independence. They saw some of their sisters married, in-laws suffer, low status, so they are not willing to be bound by this, preferring not to marry for life, and thus produced the self-combing women. In the history of Shunde, there have been a number of fair ladies determined not to marry the custom, they are Shunde's "self-combing women". Other areas of the Pearl River Delta combed women similar to the situation in Shunde. In the past, unmarried women kept their hair in braids, and when they got married, their hair was combed up in a bun by their mothers or female elders; while those who aspired not to get married performed certain rituals, and the braids were combed up by older unmarried people, and thereafter, the woman was "combed up" and formally became "self-combing woman". ". This is due to the Ming Dynasty is the feudal rites on women's destruction of the most tragic period. And, in the Ming Dynasty appeared the budding of capitalist production, is located in the Pearl River Delta Shunde abundance of mulberry silkworms, the timing is right, the rapid development of sericulture, in which the nesting of the silk by women engaged in, this time Shunde economic self-supporting women will be a large number of emergence. This special custom inherited from the ancient matrilineal society before the marriage customs, and later echoed the era of social life with the color of individuality and emancipation, in the late Qing Dynasty to the Republic of China in the early period to reach a climax until after the 1930s, after the decline of the silk industry in the Pearl River Delta region, the young women in this area heard of the Nanyang to work in the lucrative income, so they went to the companionship of many women in the Nanyang working for many years, did not talk about marriage, fifty or sixty, the time to buy offerings to pay tribute to heaven and earth. When they were in their fifties or sixties, they bought offerings to pay homage to heaven and earth, and became self-combing women. They are the last group of self-combing women in China. After the founding of New China, this special custom has gradually disappeared.

Fifth, Shunde singing dragon boat. Singing Dragon Boat is not an object image of a dragon boat that we often have in our mind, but a kind of folk rap. Dragon boat singing in the Guangzhou dialect, formed in the Qing dynasty during the Qianlong period. Artists mostly on the ferry for the transition to sing, the singer holding a staff head of wood carved dragon boat baguette, chest hanging small gongs and drums, while knocking while singing, the content of the mythological stories and good advice to wish the Lord, basically chanting style, the cadence is simple and rugged, rich in vernacular flavor. Dragon boat to Shunde accent for the authentic, so Shunde has "the hometown of the dragon boat," the name. Before the founding of New China, there were often folk artists holding small dragon boats carved from wood, these small dragon boats are equipped with dragon heads, dragon tails, paddlers, gongs and drums, small umbrellas, just like a real dragon boat in general, standing in the doorway door-to-door, the first to speak some auspicious words, and then struck the dragon boat gongs and drums, the opening of the Dragon Boat singing the praises of the Dragon Boat. The traditional repertoire of the dragon boat is rich in content, with myths and legends and historical stories as its main focus. For example, "The Eight Immortals Celebrate Their Longevity", "The Immortal Lady Sends Her Son", "Zhaojun and Fan", "The Three Hire Kongming", "Fengyi Pavilion Complaints of Bitterness" and so on, are all quite popular among the masses. Before and after the Xinhai Revolution, there was the so-called "social dragon boat" appeared, these works, commenting on the current situation, expressing political views, to advocate revolution, played a positive role, the most representative of which is the "Social Dragon Boat Gengxu Guangdong Chronicle". Dragon boat formed in the Qing dynasty during the Qianlong period, sellers are on the ferry for the transition of people singing, holding a staff wood carved with a dragon boat baguette, if done exquisitely, but also quite a beautiful work of art, the chest on the hand hanging holding a small gongs and drums, knocking while singing, and then with the rocking of the dragon boat so that the paddles make a sound, as a beat with. In the 1960s and 1970s, the famous Cantonese opera singer Wen Juefei's song "Rewind the Pearl Curtain" was the last glory of dragon boat rap. Dragon boat was originally the name of a boat used in races during the Dragon Boat Festival, but folk artists and songwriters used gongs and drums to set it off and make it into a rhythmic folk song. Later, it evolved into a kind of opera, Cantonese opera, a "song", with a strong local flavor, easy to make up, easy to sing and easy to understand a form of popular culture and art singing.