Shandong is also called Qilu and Donglu. The geographical location of Shandong for short is longitude: 1 14 degrees 19 minutes-122 degrees 43 minutes latitude: 34 degrees 22 minutes -38 degrees 23 minutes north latitude. Shandong, the land of Qilu in ancient times, is located in the east coast of China, the lower reaches of the Yellow River and the north-central part of the Beijing-Hangzhou Grand Canal. The longest land is about 420 kilometers from north to south and 700 kilometers from east to west. The total land area is 156700 square kilometers, accounting for 1.6% of the national total area, ranking 19 in the country. The west is connected with the inland, and the north and south are bordered by Hebei, Henan, Anhui and Jiangsu provinces. The central part is high, and Mount Tai is the highest point in the whole territory; Shandong Peninsula extends into the Yellow Sea in the east, faces Liaodong Peninsula across the Bohai Strait in the north, guards Beijing, Tianjin and Bohai Bay, faces the Korean Peninsula across the Yellow Sea in the east, faces the wider Yellow Sea in the southeast, and overlooks the East China Sea and the islands in southern Japan. In recent years, Shandong has also become one of the most economically developed provinces in China. Shandong is a hilly area in the south-central part of Shandong, with a prominent central part. The eastern part of the peninsula is mostly undulating hilly areas with gentle ups and downs; The west and north are the northwest plain of Shandong Province, which is alluvial by the Yellow River, and it is a part of the Great Plain of North China. Mountains account for about 15.5% of the total land area, hills account for about 13.2%, depressions account for about 4. 1%, lakes and marshes account for about 4.4%, plains account for about 55%, and others account for about 7.8%. Rivers in Shandong belong to the Yellow River, Haihe River and Huaihe River basins or enter the sea alone. The average river network density in the province is 0.24km/km2, and there are more than 5,000 rivers over 5km, including more than 50km 1000. The more important rivers are Yellow River, Tu Hai, Ma Jiahe, Yihe River, Shuhe River, Dawen River, Xiaoqing River, Jiaolai River, Weihe River, Dagu River, Wulong River and Weihe River. The lakes in Shandong are mainly distributed in the contact zone between the hilly areas in central and southern Shandong and the Luxi Plain, with a total area of 65,438 0,496.6 square kilometers and a storage capacity of 2,353 million cubic meters. The larger lakes are Nansi Lake (Weishan Lake, Zhaoyang Lake, dushan lake Lake and Nanyang Lake from south to north) and Dongping Lake. Shandong's coastline is 3024.4 kilometers long, and the mainland coastline accounts for 1/6 of the national coastline, second only to Guangdong Province. There are more than 20 natural harbors on the coastline; There are 296 offshore islands, among which miaodao islands is composed of 18 islands, covering an area of 52.5 square kilometers, which is the largest island group along the Shandong coast. The coastal beach area is about 3,000 square kilometers, and the water area within 15m isobath is about 1.3 million square kilometers. These superior geographical conditions will play a great role in maritime transportation and the development and utilization of marine resources. Total area 157800 km2 (national 1.6%, ranking 19). The water area is about 2 100 square kilometers (lake). The total population is 9 1.8 million (at the end of 2004) (7 1% in China). The annual average temperature 1 1.0℃ (Wendeng) ~ 14.2℃ (Jinan), the highest monthly average temperature is 23.5℃ (Chengshantou) ~27.4℃ (Jinan), and the lowest monthly average temperature is -4.4℃ (Zhanhua and Wudi). Jinan, the provincial capital. By the end of 2005, There are 17 prefecture-level cities, 140 county-level units (including 49 municipal districts, 3 1 city and 60 counties) and 193 1 township-level units (including 460 sub-district offices and 650 townships and towns) Pingyin County | Jiyang County | Shanghe County Qingdao: Shinan District | Shibei District | Chengyang District | sifang district | Licang District | Huangdao District | Laoshan District | Jiaonan City | jiaozhou city | pingdu city | Laixi City | Zibo City, jimo city: Zhangdian District. Xuecheng | Dongying and Tengzhou: Dongying | Hekou | Kenli | Guangrao | Lijin Yantai: Zhifu | Fushan | Muping | Laishan | Longkou | Laiyang | Laizhou | Zhaoyuan | Penglai | Qixia | Haiyang | Weifang and Changdao | Weicheng. Ju 'nan County | Mengyin County | Dezhou City and Linshu County: Decheng District | Leling City | Yucheng City | Ling County | Ningjin County | Qihe County | Wucheng County | Qingyun County | Pingyuan County | Xiajin County | Liaocheng City, Linyi County: Dongchangfu District | Linqing City | Gaotang County | yanggu county | Chiping County. Mountain photography. [Prehistoric Age] The International Youth Culture and Art Festival of the Pleistocene discovered in Yiyuan County 400,000-500,000 years ago is August 20th-25th, Qingdao Dazeshan Grape Festival is September 1 3rd, Taishan International Mountaineering Festival is September 6th-10th, Qingdao Fashion Week is September 6th-10th, and Yantai Changyu International Wine Festival is September 7th-/kl. 5438+00 June 10 Zaozhuang Pomegranate Festival Photo at the end of September Liujiawan Ganhai Festival 1 0 June 15 Weifang Changle International Gem Festival10 February 2-6 Weihai International Fishing Festival10 October 8-0. 38+February 7-30, Jinan Qianfo Mountain Temple Fair, September 9 Mengshan Longevity Tourism Festival, historical figure September 9 Shandong is one of the cradles and centers of ancient culture in China. There have been many outstanding thinkers, scientists, politicians, militarists, writers and artists here. In academic thoughts, there are Confucius, Mencius, Yan Zi, Ceng Zi, Mozi, Xunzi, Zhuangzi, Zheng Xuan and Zhong Changtong. In political and military aspects, there are Guan Zhong, Yan Ying, Sima Rang, Sun Wu, Wuqi, Sun Bin, Zhuge Liang and Qi Jiguang. There are Zuo Qiuming, Qiao Hua, Cui Hong and Ma Zi in history. In literature, there are Kong Rong, RoyceWong, Xu Gan, Zuo Si, Bao Zhao, Liu Xie, Li Qingzhao, Xin Qiji, Zhang, Feng Weimin, Li Kaixian, Pu Songling, Kong and Wang Shizhen. In art, there are Wang Xizhi, Yan Zhenqing, Li Cheng, Zhang Zeduan, Gao et al. In science and technology, there are Lu Ban, Gan De, Liu Hong, He Chengtian, wang pu, Fan Sheng Zhi, Jia Sixie, Wang Zhen and Yan Su. In medicine, there are Bian Que, Chunyu Kun and Wang Shuhe. Their thoughts, theories, wisdom and academic achievements constitute an important part of China's traditional culture, which has a wide and far-reaching impact on the development of China culture. Wen Sheng, Confucius, a great thinker, educator and politician in ancient China, was born in Qufu City in the southwest of Shandong Province more than 2,500 years ago. Confucianism, founded by him, has become the pillar of China's traditional culture, and has exerted great influence all over the world. Confucius is also known as the top ten thinkers in the world. Sun Wu, a famous strategist in ancient China, was born in the Yellow River Delta. His military work The Art of War is still a classic admired by Chinese and foreign military and business circles. "Book Sage", a famous calligrapher in the Eastern Jin Dynasty, Wang Xizhi. Mozi, the founder of Mohism. Zhuangzi, representative of Taoism. Guan Zi, a famous economist in Qi State. In Shandong history, there are also representatives of Confucianism, Mencius and Ceng Zi. Jia Sixie, an ancient agronomist, is famous for The Book of Qi Yao Min. Sun Bin, an ancient military scientist famous for Sun Bin's Art of War. Zhuge Liang was a famous figure in the Three Kingdoms period, and was revered by the people of China as the embodiment of wisdom. Liu Xie is a literary theorist who is famous for Wen Xin Diao Long. Xin Qiji is a famous representative of the unrestrained poets in Song Dynasty. Li Qingzhao, a graceful lyricist, is a representative of famous writers in Qing Dynasty. Pu Songling is the author of Strange Tales from a Lonely Studio. Yan Zhenqing was a famous calligrapher in Tang Dynasty. Zhang Zeduan, a famous painter in Song Dynasty, is the author of The Riverside Scene at Qingming Festival. Waiting for a large number of historical celebrities. Gander was a famous astronomer in the Warring States Period. Yan Shengzhi, an ancient scientist. In today's politics, military affairs, politics, economy, science and technology, education, culture and art circles in China, a number of Shandong celebrities are active. Data of economic construction in 2006: gross domestic product (GDP) is 2184.67 billion yuan, per capita GDP is 23,546 yuan, fixed assets investment of the whole society is1kloc-0/3.46 billion yuan, total retail sales of social consumer goods is 712.25 billion yuan, and total import and export volume is 95.22. 193 100000 inbound tourism revenue10/000000 US dollars domestic tourists/10 10000000 domestic tourism revenue1214.8 million yuan total fiscal revenue 4.