If you regret not observing the Tao, you will be rebellious if you delay; Back to my car to get back to the road, and the trip is not far away; Step after step, the horse is in Langao Xi, and the pepper hill is not stopped; If you can't get in, you will leave you. If you retreat, you will resume your initial service. Make lotus as clothes, gather hibiscus as clothes; I don't know that it is already awkward, and I feel that I believe in it; The high Yu Guan is in jeopardy, and the long Yu Pei is separated from the land; Fang and ze are mixed, but they are not lost; Suddenly look back to swim, and you will look at the four shortages; Pei colorful its numerous ornaments, Fang Feifei its seal; People's livelihood is different, and I am accustomed to repairing it; Although my body has not changed, how can I punish my heart?
Qu Yuan (340 BC-278 BC) was a poet and politician in Chu during the Warring States Period. Mi surname, Qu family, Ming Ping, the original word; And since the cloud name is regular, the word spirit is even. Born about 340 BC in Danyang, Chu (now Zigui, Hubei), he is the descendant of Qu Xian, the son of Chu Wuwang Xiong Tong. ?
Qu Yuan is the first great patriotic poet in the history of China, the founder of China's romantic literature, and is known as "the ancestor of Chinese poetry" and "the ancestor of Ci and Fu". He is the founder and representative author of "Chu Ci", which opened up the tradition of "vanilla beauty". The appearance of Qu Yuan marks that China's poetry has entered a new era from collective singing to individual originality. He was called "the soul of poetry" by later generations. ?
Qu Yuan was also an important politician of Chu State. He was trusted by Chu Huaiwang in his early years, and served as a Zuotu and a doctor of San Lv, who was also in charge of domestic and foreign affairs. After Wuqi, another advocate of political reform in Chu was Qu Yuan. He advocated "American politics", advocated promoting talents and appointing talents internally, perfecting statutes, and uniting with external forces to resist Qin. Being slandered by the nobles, he was exiled to Hanbei and Yuanxiang Valley successively. ?
In 278 BC, the Qin general attacked Chu Duying (now Jiangling, Hubei Province) in vain, and Qu Yuan was filled with grief and indignation. Huai Shi sank in the Miluo River and died. 1953 is the 2230th anniversary of Qu Yuan's death, and the World Peace Council passed a resolution to identify Qu Yuan as one of the four world cultural celebrities commemorated that year. ?
His main works include Li Sao, Nine Songs, Nine Chapters and Tian Wen. The Songs of the South, written by him, is the source of China's romantic literature, and is also called "coquettish" with the Book of Songs, which has a far-reaching influence on later poetry.
Qu Yuan is a poet, and only from him did China have a writer famous for his literature. He founded the style of "Chu Ci" (also known as "Sao Style"), which is known as "a poet who is clothed in clothes, not a generation". According to the proofreading of Liu Xiang and Liu Xin and Wang Yi's annotation, there are 25 works by Qu Yuan, namely Li Sao 1, Tian Wen 1, Jiu Ge 1 1 and Nine Chapters. According to Sima Qian's words in Biography of Qu Yuan in Historical Records, there is also "Evocation of Soul" 1 article. Some scholars believe that Da Zhao is also the work of Qu Yuan. However, some people suspect that the following chapters in Journey and some chapters in Nine Chapters were not written by Qu Yuan. According to Mr. Guo Moruo's textual research, 23 works of Qu Yuan have been handed down. Among them, Nine Songs 1 1, Nine Chapters, One Li Sao, One Tian Wen and One Evocation.
Generally speaking, Li Sao, Tian Wen and Jiu Ge can be regarded as the representatives of three types of Qu Yuan's works. Nine Chapters, Travel Far, Buju, Fisherman, Evocation of Soul and Great Tactics can be grouped with Lisao in content and style, and most of them are well documented and meaningful, focusing on expressing the author's inner feelings. Li Sao is a magnificent poem that Qu Yuan has cast with his own ideal, experience, pain, enthusiasm and even his whole life, which shines with distinct personality brilliance and is the focus of all Qu Yuan's creations. Tian Wen is a poem written by Qu Yuan based on myths and legends, which focuses on the author's academic attainments and his views on history and nature. Nine Songs is a music for worshipping the gods in Chu State, which was processed and polished by Qu Yuan. It is full of life breath in the expression of characters' feelings and the description of environmental atmosphere. However, it is the expression of generations or gods, not the author's self-lyric, which shows more traces of the literary tradition of southern Chu. Li Sao and Jiu Ge constitute the basic style of Qu Yuan's works.