String is a band in the band, which can be played alone in the form of a string band. String bands include:
The violin is divided into two parts: the first violin and the second violin. The former is often used to play the theme in music. Violin is a stringed instrument with the highest range and the richest expressive force. It is Wen Ya, deep, passionate and resolute.
Viola is a little bigger than violin, and its timbre is a little darker, which gives people a hazy feeling in softness. Mainly used for accompaniment, as the alto part of string ensemble, occasionally solo.
The cello is bigger than the viola, and the music is beautiful and profound. It is good at expressing sincere and warm feelings.
The double bass is the largest, and its height is equivalent to a person's height, so it needs to be played standing. It is the lowest alto instrument in the string band and the foundation of the whole symphony orchestra-the deepest bass, which can make the rhythm of music firm and prominent, and the timbre low and hazy.
The harp is an ancient musical instrument, which is played by plucking the strings with both hands. Its timbre is clear and clear, and it is good at playing chords to express the artistic conception of rippling blue waves.
Woodwind instruments are another family in the symphony orchestra, in which each member has a very rich and varied color.
The flute is crystal clear, as clear as a silver bell, soft, elegant and passionate. It is often used to imitate nightingales or to depict natural scenery.
Piccolo is an octave higher than flute. It is the decorative instrument with the highest range in the symphony orchestra. The sharp voice is often used to describe the marching of the army or the whistling of the wind.
Oboe is bright and fresh, and it is good at expressing tender and sincere feelings. Therefore, some people call it "a ray of hope shining in the dark clouds of pain". We can hear wonderful oboe solo passages in the first suite of "Pearl Gold" by Grieg.
The timbre of the English pipe is slightly darker than that of the oboe, which has a meditative mood and gives people a feeling of melancholy and loneliness. Used to describe the feeling of recalling the past and present.
Clarinet is gentle, lovely and warm, which can best show the hidden affection in people's hearts. There is also a bass clarinet, which is deep and slightly mysterious.
Bassoon is quite colorful, but it looks heavy. It is called "little old man" and is good at expressing banter and ridicule. For example, the theme played in the middle of the second act of Bizet's opera Carmen is played with a bassoon.
Brass instruments are more powerful than woodwind instruments and stringed instruments combined, and they are indispensable instruments when it is necessary to show the strength of the band. Brass instruments include:
Horn, the most gentle and poetic brass instrument, has a sweet and charming tone, which often brings tenderness and attachment to the audience.
Trumpet has a fierce and loud voice and golden color. It is good at expressing the call of battle, the advance and victory of the army and the scene of triumph. In "Zarathustra says this", it outlines the magnificent scenery of a red sun bursting out.
Trombone is mainly used for accompaniment, which gives people a feeling of severe indifference, but if you control your own strength, you can also become gentle and full of emotion.
The bass part of a large brass instrument group is heavy, which will make people feel ridiculous if it is exaggerated. In Night on a Barren Mountain, Musorgskiy played a gloomy tone with tuba and trombone, symbolizing the image of the "king of darkness" worshipped by demons.
Percussion instruments include:
Timpani, symphony orchestras usually use a group (3 ~ 4) of timpani with different pitches. They can imitate the distant thunder, or they can show the strength of the band while playing all the time.
Triangle iron, a triangular steel bar, is struck with a metal bar and makes a crisp sound. Can make the sound of the orchestra more elegant and beautiful.
Drums can be used to imitate the surging waves and the roar of artillery, and also to render a warm atmosphere.
Drums are used to increase the rhythm of music.
Besides, percussion instruments include tambourines, castanets, cymbals, gongs, bells, Zhong Qin, xylophone and piano.
China has a long history of national instrumental music. The combination of ancient instrumental music and song and dance, the history contains: "Wow! If you want to hit a stone and hit a stone, all animals will dance together. " In the huge music and dance of Sui and Tang Dynasties, there was a part played by pure instrumental music, which was called "Three Sequences". There were "harmony songs" in the Han and Wei Dynasties: "harmony, old songs of the Han Dynasty, harmony of silk and bamboo, and songs of musicians." Accompanied by silk and bamboo, the singer plays percussion instruments while singing, similar to Henan pendant, northern drum and other rap forms. In the Song Dynasty, due to the maturity of rap art, gongs, drums and instrumental music were constantly emerging with folk songs and dances. In order to keep quiet before the performance, instrumental music such as "Ban Qi" and "Baban" are usually played first. After the Song, Yuan and Ming Dynasties, the gongs and drums in traditional Chinese operas became more and more perfect, among which Your Legend, Late at Night and Noisy Taiwan Province were often played as pure instrumental music. In the development of national instrumental music, some original music and dance music handed down from ancient times were processed into instrumental music and developed into independent instrumental music.
The performance and creative activities of pure instrumental music once flourished in ancient China. "The Warring States Policy" states: "Linzi is very real and rich, and everyone plays flute, drum and harp, and percussion." It shows the extensive activities of folk instrumental music at that time. The story of "Boya Guqin meets a bosom friend" shows that Guqin art developed highly more than 2,000 years ago, and the famous Guqin songs Guangling San and Meihua Sannong were all produced in the late Han Dynasty and Wei and Jin Dynasties. During the Sui and Tang Dynasties, many pipa players were recorded in history books. From Bai Juyi's trip to pipa, we can get a glimpse of the achievements of pipa performance in Tang Dynasty. After the Song Dynasty, the manifestations of pure instrumental music are "fine music", "pure music", "small musical instrument" and "drum board". Popular folk ensembles such as "Sizhu", "String Poems", "Drum Music", "Blowing" and "Ten and Drum", as well as various forms of ensembles and solos, are the development of traditional national instrumental music.
At present, the instruments commonly used in our national music are: flute, suona, sheng, xiao, erhu, jinghu, banhu, zhonghu, yueqin, sanxian, dulcimer, pipa, zheng, guqin and China gong. Common genres of national instrumental music are:
Flute solo, piano solo, erhu solo, pipa solo, etc. China's famous flute solos include Good News and Whip the Horse to Carry Grain. Suona solo "A Hundred Birds Facing the Phoenix"; Erhu solo "Two Springs Reflecting the Moon" and "Empty Mountain Birds"; Pipa solo "flying daggers", "overlord disarms" and "big waves wash sand"
Such as flute duet "Double Phoenix", Zheng and dulcimer trio "Spring is coming", and string quintet "Happy Night".
Ensemble: China's folk music ensembles are divided into the following categories:
Guangdong music: the music of silk and bamboo popular in Guangdong. The early band consisted of two strings, violin, flute, Qin Yue and three strings. Later, influenced by the silk and bamboo in the south of the Yangtze River, Gao Hu was the main one, followed by dulcimer and Qin Qin. Guangdong music is crisp and bright in tone, smooth and beautiful in tune, and lively in rhythm. There are many well-known excellent traditional music such as Rain Beats Banana, Drought Thunder, Two Voices of Hate, Theron Takes Golden Goblet Awards, and Hundred Birds Throw into the Forest.
Jiangnan Sizhu: Sizhu music, popular in southern Jiangsu and Zhejiang, is the most distinctive and influential music in Shanghai. Jiangnan silk and bamboo music style is fresh and beautiful, smooth and euphemistic, full of charm. There are eight famous pieces of music: Ode to Joy, Yun Qing, Walking in the Street, Three Six, slow three Six, Zhonghua Six, Slow Six Forbidden and Four in One.
Fujian Nanqu, also known as Nanyin or Xianguan, is a kind of folk music with a long history, with elegant and simple tunes. The most famous ones are: Four Seasons, Plum Blossom Exercise, Eight Horses, and Birds Return to the Nest. The band consists of Dong Xiao, Erxian, Pipa, Sanxian, clapper, suona, chime and flat drum.
Playing music: all over the country, with a long history. Band combinations can be divided into rough blowing gongs and drums (composed of percussion instruments such as wind instruments and suona), fine blowing gongs and drums (composed of silk and bamboo instruments and percussion instruments) and comprehensive blowing bands (combination of rough blowing gongs and drums and fine blowing gongs and drums). Percussion music has a vigorous voice, a rough playing style, and is good at expressing magnificent scenes, full of charm, passionate emotions and lively interest. Such as music Your Legend, Great Victory and Little Donkey.
East Zhejiang gongs and drums: popular in eastern Zhejiang, one person plays multi-faceted gongs or drums with rich colors and complicated techniques, which are deeply loved by people.
Chaozhou gongs and drums: percussion music popular in Chaoan and Shantou, Guangdong. The band chose unique musical instruments, such as fighting gongs, deep pits, gong gong, suona, erhan, etc., which made the band have unique colors. Traditional music includes Double Biting Goose and Fishing with a Net.
Hebei Blowing Song: Blowing Music popular among people in Hebei. It mainly plays wind instruments, and most of the songs it plays are folk songs and opera vocals. Its playing form is lively, its music style is fresh and vigorous, and it is full of local color.
In addition to traditional instrumental music, many national orchestral works in modern China inherited the tradition of national music, brought forth the old and brought forth the new, and were deeply loved by the people, reflecting the unique charm of China's long civilization. Dance of the Golden Snake, Spring Dawn on the Green Lake, Clouds Chasing the Moon, Cheerful, Full Moon Flower and Moonlit Night on the Spring River are masterpieces of China's music. In particular, the national wind music Moonlight on the Spring River, which is adapted from the pipa music Xunyang jathyapple, is deeply loved by Chinese at home and abroad. With euphemistic and simple melody, smooth and changeable rhythm, clever and delicate orchestration and clever performance, the music vividly depicts the charming scenery of the riverside on a moonlit night and praises the charm of the water town in the south of the Yangtze River. The whole song is like a long scroll of landscape painting, with delicate strokes, soft colors, beautiful and elegant, and fascinating.