Lentinus edodes, also known as Pleurotus eryngii, has a cluster of fruiting bodies, cup-shaped or shallow funnel-shaped, light yellow, fleshy, thick handle, crisp and delicious, and rich nutrition. Under natural conditions, the fruiting body occurred in May-lO, and it has the characteristics of saprophytic and native wood. Now its cultivation essentials are briefly introduced as follows:

1, seasonal arrangement: the fruiting temperature of large-sized mushrooms is 23-32 degrees Celsius, and the optimum temperature is 26-30 degrees Celsius. The suitable fruiting period in the central and western regions of Fujian is from early May to early lO, and the bagging and inoculation time should be advanced by 30-35 days, and the area with high altitude can be advanced or postponed appropriately.

2. Cultivation materials and formula: sawdust and cottonseed hull can be used as the main raw materials for bag material cultivation, and a small amount of auxiliary materials, such as rice bran, wheat bran, soybean cake, cottonseed cake and corn flour, can increase the yield during cultivation. The general formula is: (1) cottonseed hull 4O%, sawdust 4O%, wheat bran 18%, sucrose l% and gypsum l%. ⑵ Cottonseed husk 4O%, sawdust 4O%, wheat husk l4%, corn flour 4%, sucrose l% and gypsum l%.

3. Production and cultivation of fungus bags: the cottonseed hull is soaked and spread one day in advance, and the pre-wetted cottonseed hull, sawdust, wheat bran, sugar water and gypsum are mixed and stirred evenly the next day according to the formula, and the water content is adjusted to 65%. L7 cm? When the 33cm polypropylene plastic bag is packed and pressed to the height of L8cm, the collar and cotton plug are put on, sterilized routinely, cooled and inoculated aseptically. Mycelia can grow full bags after being cultured for 30-35 days at room temperature. Check it frequently during cultivation, and handle it in time if it is found that there are no bacteria or contaminated bags.

4. Preparation of soil covering material: The soil covering layer is a good material for moisture regulation, and water can continuously penetrate into the fungus bag to replenish water, which plays a good buffering role in the temperature and humidity of the fungus barrel. Sandy loam, peat soil, pond mud or garden soil can all be used as covering materials. After exposure to sunlight for 213 days, spray 2% formaldehyde solution with wine, cover with plastic film for closed fumigation for 213 days, then spread it out to disperse formaldehyde smell and screen it for later use.

5. Preparation of fruiting place: both the vegetable greenhouse and the shadow shed for cultivating mushrooms can be used as fruiting places, and straw or other sunshade should be added to the outer layer of the vegetable greenhouse to achieve the shielding effect of three yang and seven yin. Before use, clean the inside and outside of the mushroom shed to eliminate the source of miscellaneous bacteria and insects. Mushroom beds are arranged into small beds with L meters wide and L5cm high and unlimited length, and each bed must be built into a small arch shed with bamboo strips and agricultural films.

6. Mushroom production management: after 30-35 days of culture, move the mushroom tube full of hyphae to the mushroom production site, remove the cotton plug of the mushroom bag, open the bag mouth, remove the surface primordium, and vertically discharge it on the border. Then, the prepared soil-covering material is sprinkled into a fungus bag with a thickness of about 2 cm, rolled down into a plastic bag higher than the soil-covering, and sprayed with water to keep moisture. Mushrooms begin to grow in l5-25 days, and will be earlier when the temperature is higher. You can also peel off the plastic bag and discharge the fungus tubes on the border, with the fungus tubes separated by 2-3 cm, and then cover them with 2 cm thick soil. Spray water to keep moisture, and cover the exposed part of the fungus tube with soil. If there is no gap between the cylinders, there will be concentrated nutrients between the cylinders, which will easily make the first tide form a large mushroom flower of more than 500 grams. Whether it is beneficial to sales depends on the local market.

According to the mushroom growing method, when the first-tide mushroom is grown, the mushroom tube is full of nutrients, the mushroom grows evenly, the flower shape is good, and the commodity value is high; and then, the mushroom tube is insufficient in nutrients, the mushroom grows unevenly, the flower shape is poor, and the commodity value is low. Therefore, it is beneficial to make full use of the remaining nutrients in the mushroom cylinder by using segmented fruiting. After the first-tide mushroom is discharged from the culture bag, the plastic bag is peeled off, and the fungus cylinders are discharged on the border and covered with soil to produce the mushroom. At this time, there should be no spacing between the fungus cylinders, and the fungus cylinders are next to each other to concentrate nutrients, which can improve the yield and quality of the fruiting body in the later stage.

7. Control of temperature and humidity during fruiting: The mushroom tube is moved to the fruiting place and arranged in a long row, covered with bamboo strips and agricultural film in a small arch shed, and controlling the temperature and humidity in the small arch shed is an important work of fruiting management. Adjust the temperature, humidity and illumination suitable for mushroom growth by lifting the cover of the film. Master the frequency of water spraying, keep the soil humidity, the air humidity is about 85%, and the indoor or shed temperature is 23-32 degrees Celsius. Especially in the place where mushrooms are made in vegetable greenhouses, strengthen ventilation management and cover the sunshade to avoid excessive temperature. When the primordium is exposed to the soil surface, the film should be opened to increase the degree of ventilation and illumination to ensure the normal growth of fruiting bodies.

8. Harvesting: Large-cup Lentinus edodes should be harvested when the lid is flat and curled, and refrigerated for sale in time. When harvesting, hold the base of the stalk with your fingers, gently twist it to make the mushroom body separate from the culture medium, immediately remove the base with mud with a knife and put it into the collection basket. Never put the mushroom with mud into the collection basket, or the mud will fall into all parts of the mushroom flower, which will be difficult to clean and affect eating. After harvesting, the mushroom farm should be cleaned in time to reduce pests and diseases.