:1. Impact of tourism development on local environment

1. The development of tourism can realize domestic tourism economic income.

2. The development of tourism can enhance the image of the city and protect and promote the local cultural characteristics.

3. It can promote the development of related industries. Tourism is a comprehensive industry with strong correlation between eating, living, traveling, shopping and entertainment. The development of tourism has obvious direct and indirect driving effect on other industries. For example, tourism can promote the development of local hotels, restaurants, transportation, entertainment, commerce, retail and other related industries, thus improving the local economic level.

4. Increase employment opportunities for residents. The development of tourism can increase the flow of people, logistics, capital and information in the region, and the development of tourism needs a lot of manpower. Therefore, the development of tourism can provide and create a large number of employment opportunities for the society and solve the current employment problem of residents.

5. Coordinate the relationship between environment and social development. Clear water and lush mountains are priceless wealth, which has been written into the new party constitution. What green cities and eco-cities pursue is also the improvement of urban environment. The protection of ecological environment has become a major issue of great concern to the CPC Central Committee.

2. Impact of developing tourism on local environment

Introduction

The definition of tourism varies with the central things. From the tourist-centered perspective, the tourism environment is the sum of the natural, social and cultural external conditions of various tourist destinations and their supporting places, which are centered on tourists and enable tourism activities to exist, develop and develop. From the perspective of tourism resources, tourism environment refers to the sum of other natural ecological, cultural and social factors surrounding tourism resources.

the scenery composed of the above elements in a certain environment is called natural landscape if it is mainly natural landscape; Mainly architecture, called architectural landscape; Mainly by artificial carving, it is called carved landscape (the big rockery is carved landscape). A good tourist environment must be a scenic, unspoiled and polluted area that can satisfy tourists for viewing and behavioral psychological activities. There are two kinds of tourism: one is scenic natural scenic spots (famous mountains and rivers, deep mountain canyons, dense forests, vast grasslands, blue oceans, etc.). ), as well as some spectacular natural attractions (volcanoes, tides, glaciers and even deserts). The other is artificial resorts, such as historical sites, famous buildings, bustling cities and beautiful gardens. It is usually a combination of the two.

Classification

The content of tourism environment is very extensive, and it can be divided into different types according to different classification conditions. It can be divided into forest tourism environment, coastal tourism environment, rural tourism environment and urban tourism environment by region. According to the nature, it can be divided into natural tourism environment, semi-natural tourism environment and artificial tourism environment. According to space, it can be divided into tourist source environment, tourist destination environment and tourist passage environment. In order to better study the nature of the environment, we often start with the basic material components of the whole environment, which are independent, different in nature and obey the overall evolution law, that is, according to environmental factors, they can be divided into tourism natural environment and tourism social environment.

tourism natural environment: the tourism natural environment refers to the sum of various natural factors in the tourist destination and its supporting places, and it is a natural environment complex composed of atmosphere, water, biology, soil and rocks in the tourist area. The ever-changing natural environment is the basic environment of tourism activities, which plays a vital role in the survival and development of local tourism. The natural environment of tourism not only determines the distribution of tourist destinations, but also has an important influence on the accessibility, traffic routes and networks of tourist areas, and also plays a decisive role in the formation, characteristics and distribution of tourist objects. For example, the arid natural environment in northwest China has formed natural tourist landscapes such as desert, Gobi and Ya Dan landforms, as well as corresponding humanistic landscapes such as karez and oasis agriculture. The alpine natural environment in Qinghai-Tibet has formed mountains, snowfields, glaciers, wet and cold vegetation and alpine animals. The natural environment of Yunnan, Guangdong and Fujian is characterized by hot and humid climate, mountainous, widely distributed soluble limestone, typical karst landscape and beautiful landscape. In the arid and semi-arid natural environment of Inner Mongolia, typical grassland and pasture scenery have been formed.

tourism social environment: tourism social environment refers to the sum of social material and spiritual conditions of a tourist destination and its supporting places. The development and transmission of tourism environment is dominated and restricted by natural, economic and social laws, which is the symbol of the development of human spiritual civilization and material civilization. At the same time, with the evolution of human civilization, it is constantly enriched and developed.

Characteristics

1. Extensive contents

The contents of tourism are extensive, including the sum of various natural and artificially transformed natural factors such as geology and geomorphology, atmosphere, water body, animals and plants, nature reserves and various natural relics, and the ecological environment formed by these natural factors, as well as scenic spots, cultural relics, social economy and culture, cities and villages, tourist reception facilities and services.

2. The vulnerability of elements is relative to interference. Under the interference of tourism activities, the factors that constitute the tourism environment will be affected to some extent, resulting in dynamic changes, such as periodic changes (seasonal and rhythmic changes) and random changes (such as the impact of SARS on China's American tourism industry), linear and nonlinear changes, gradual changes and abrupt changes. Show obvious vulnerability.

Among the internal and external factors that interfere with the evolution of tourism environment system, many are random factors, especially some natural factors, political factors, market factors, human factors and psychological factors. All these have great randomness, which makes the structure and function of the tourism environment system present dynamic uncertainty, thus increasing people's understanding and regulation of the tourism environment system, and also providing the possibility for people to transform the tourism environment system.

3. Regionality of form. Regionality refers to the regional differences of environmental (overall) characteristics, or diversity, which is the embodiment of individuality in * * *. One of the Americans' travel motives is to pursue the difference between the foreign environment and the environment where they often live, so one of the remarkable characteristics of the tourism environment is the regionality of the tourism environment. For example, the living environment of different tourist destinations shows different regional differences, such as enclosed houses in Fujian (built by Hakkas), watchtowers in Guangdong (built by overseas Chinese), diaojiao buildings in western Hunan (built by Tujia people) and white-tiled dwellings in southern Anhui (built by Anhui Confucian businessmen).

generally speaking, the farther the tourist source is from the tourist destination, the more prominent the regional characteristics of the tourist destination are. This regional feature has been integrated into the tourist attraction of a specific region. It is the result of this attraction that tourists leave their usual place of residence and go to distant places. In order to meet the diversity of tourists' needs, tourism development operators constantly pursue uniqueness in the development and construction of tourist destinations, thus increasing the regional characteristics of tourist destinations

4. The leisure tourist area of the project gives people a unique perception and enjoyment to a certain extent. People go to tourist areas to play, and through the change of environment, people are no longer bound by various roles and behaviors at home; Through the appreciation of the scenery, magnificent landscapes and rare and magnificent places of interest bring people spiritual enjoyment and relaxation, so that people can recover their bodies, enjoy their spirits, cultivate their temperament, enjoy their senses and even stimulate their love and desire for life in the process of experiencing tourism activities. Tourism plays an important role in relieving fatigue, relaxing spirit and improving health, which embodies the leisure nature of tourism.

5. High-quality tourism activities have unique enjoyment and consumption advantages. The purpose of human tourism activities is aesthetic enjoyment and the pursuit of high-quality environmental quality. Therefore, tourists have higher requirements for the environmental quality and service function of tourist areas.

environment is a comprehensive reflection of nature, society, engineering and aesthetics. In order to meet the basic needs of tourists, tourism activities should be carried out in a safe, beautiful, clean and friendly environment, such as fresh air, clean water and good sanitary conditions. At the same time, the tourist environment should not only meet the higher physiological requirements of tourists, but also meet their higher psychological and aesthetic needs. Therefore, it requires beautiful scenery, harmonious landscape, harmonious atmosphere, thoughtful service, complete and orderly facilities, and warm hospitality of residents in the reception area, which makes people feel relaxed, free, comfortable and happy. Its quality is obviously higher than our daily life, production and working environment, which is determined by the characteristics of tourism activities themselves.

6. The tourism environment with scarce quantity is a kind of resource, including material (and energy with material as the carrier) and immaterial. The material aspect includes biological resources, mineral resources, fresh water resources, marine resources, land resources and forest resources. Non-material aspects such as environmental state and environmental quality.

compared with human needs, tourism environmental resources are always less than people can obtain for free or free, showing scarcity in quantity. Zhangjiajie, Jiuzhaigou and other scenic spots are famous at home and abroad. Apart from their natural factors, a very important reason is the scarcity of their environment.

To the point

Tourism is an entertainment activity, which is not only beneficial to physical and mental health, but also can increase knowledge. Tourism is a psychological activity given to tourists by the environment. The psychological activities of tourists vary with occupation, cultural accomplishment, economic conditions, age and gender. Tourism planning must take these differences into account. Professional tourist areas serve specific tourists. The comprehensive tourist area can meet the needs of all kinds of tourists at the same time. For example, the West Lake in Hangzhou, China is a comprehensive tourist area, and its environmental planning and design should satisfy different tourists here.

in order to attract people's attention, the planning and design of tourism environment must build a number of key viewing objects that conform to a certain tourism route, that is, major scenic spots; There must also be a certain number of objects (flowers, trimmed trees, architectural sketches, etc.). ) can attract attention and is worth appreciating; You can also schedule certain scenes, clip scenes, frame scenes, and so on. In addition, some hotels, shops and entertainment places should be built for tourists.

problems

the development of tourism will also promote the emergence of new environmental problems. People flock to tourist areas during holidays, trampling on the ground and destroying vegetation. The sewage discharge from the catering industry and the dumping of various garbage wastes have caused all kinds of pollution. Modern vehicles emit a lot of harmful exhaust gas, which leads to the deterioration of tourism environment. In addition, improper development and construction in or around tourist areas, especially industrial development, will reduce the quality of tourist environment, and even destroy cultural relics and historic sites in serious cases, such as the corrosion of stone carvings (mainly marble and limestone carvings) and copper castings by acid rain. Therefore, it is necessary to take measures to protect the tourism environment, such as formulating tour rules and routes, limiting the number of people entering tourist areas and improving the quality of tourism

3. The impact of developing tourism on the local environment < P > The definition of cultural tourism refers to the behavioral process of realizing the purpose of perceiving, understanding and observing the specific content of human culture through tourism. It refers to the tourism with the purpose of appreciating foreign traditional culture, tracing cultural celebrities or participating in various local cultural activities. Seeking cultural enjoyment has become a fashion for tourists at present.

Tourism, as a new discipline to study the aesthetic activities and values of tourism, uses the basic principles of aesthetics to guide people (tourists, people engaged in tourism) how to appreciate natural beauty, artistic beauty and social beauty, and reveals their aesthetic characteristics. Through appreciation, they can further understand the natural scenery, culture, art and customs of this region and country, deepen their experience of human civilization, and get deeper aesthetic enjoyment and education.

China and China's traditional aesthetics pay attention to the principle of unity of truth, goodness and beauty. The author thinks that this is the essence of classical aesthetics and should be inherited and carried forward in tourism aesthetics. That is, truth conforms to objective laws, truth is the basis of beauty, and unreality is not beautiful! Good is the highest purpose, utility and the premise of beauty, while bad is not beautiful. Beauty is the best perceptual expression on the basis of truth, goodness and beauty. Pursuing the unity of truth, goodness and beauty should be said to be one of the important characteristics of tourism aesthetics.

in the development of tourism resources and the construction of tourism landscape, it is understandable that people are not satisfied with the gift of nature, rely on material strength and intelligence, and try their best to transplant artificial landscape, and have achieved good economic benefits. But miniature landscapes are springing up everywhere. World famous cities, folk culture villages, so-called landscapes like ghost culture reduced to feudal superstition can be seen everywhere. There is no aesthetic education at all except temporary economic interests. With the improvement of people's aesthetic level, they will soon be cast aside! This kind of wind should not be advocated! The best is not necessarily the best! None of these pseudo-landscapes made by Du Fu are true, and beauty is out of the question. Isn't it that all the enjoyment of beauty and aesthetic education have been lost?

Beautiful scenery can only attract people. On the basis of truth, goodness and beauty, it evokes people's pleasant aesthetic feelings with pleasant images. When Xu Xiake climbed the Lotus Peak and witnessed the rolling and misty scenery of Huangshan Mountain, he couldn't help screaming and dancing, which was the strong aesthetic feeling that Huangshan Mountain brought to Xia Ke.

the aesthetic feeling of tourism makes people feel immersive, with the characteristics of all-round investment and three-dimensional sense. Only tourism can give people beautiful information from tourism, seeing, listening, smelling and touching. It is not difficult to imagine how exciting the beauty will be when people are exposed to artificial landscapes like stage sets!

with the peace and stability of the world, the development of economy and the improvement of people's living standards, tourism has gradually become an indispensable part of modern human life and one of the most important lifestyles and socio-economic activities in human society. Since the reform and opening-up, China's tourism industry has experienced several stages: start-up, development and maturity.

since 1991s, the rapid growth of tourism in China has accelerated the industrialization of tourism economy, and the promotion and correlation of tourism to the whole society has become increasingly prominent. Tourism has become one of the new growth points of the national economy. At the beginning of the 21th century, the comprehensive strength of China and the tourism of the United States ranked fifth in the world. According to the prediction of the World Tourism Organization, by 2121, China will become the world's China, the largest tourist receiving country and the fourth largest tourist leaving country in the United States.

Tourism shows beautiful city walls, fragrant valleys, undulating Yuan Ye, rosy spring and golden autumn.

the development of tourism resources and the protection of historical relics and historic sites should be treated cautiously in accordance with the principles of truth, goodness and beauty. There is another problem to get rid of its dross and get its essence. Decision-makers in tourism departments all over the world also have an urgent task, which is to improve their aesthetic quality.

China is a vast land with no mountains and no blogs

When developing tourist attractions, we should not forget to build them according to the laws of beauty. Specifically, to act according to the laws of landscape aesthetics, its core is to protect natural beauty. We should carefully handle the relationship between natural beauty and artificial beauty. Generally speaking, scenic spots should focus on the natural beauty of scenery, and artificial beauty can enrich, enrich and strengthen the natural beauty, and strive to achieve a harmonious combination of the two. Ancient painting theory has made a wonderful exposition on this: the mountain body is made of stones, trees are used to make clothes, grass is used to make hair, water is used to make blood, clouds are used to make spirit, haze is used to make weather, and temples, villages and bridges are used to make decorations.

Tang, don't blow up mountains and fill valleys, destroy forests and water, and destroy the natural landscape in order to develop tourism! As we all know, the formation of natural scenery takes a long time. Once destroyed, it is difficult to compensate. Huangshan Mountain would not be a world-class tourist scenic spot if there were no strange pines, strange rocks, clouds and hot springs. Wuyue returned without looking at the mountains, and Huangshan returned without looking at the mountains!

for tourist hotel buildings around the world, we should take the basic principles of architectural aesthetics, environmental aesthetics and landscape aesthetics as the guidance to comprehensively examine hotel buildings.